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September 5
September 5 is the 5th day in September.
Events[edit]
1569 — Painter Pieter Brueghal the Elder dies.
1750 — Scottish poet Robert Fergusson lives, Edinburgh. A leading figure of the 18th-century revival of Scots vernacular writing and chief forerunner of Robert Burns. Though he also wrote in English, his Scots poems — racy, realistic, wittily descriptive, and humorous — have greater impact on writers like Burns.
1774 — Painter Kasper David Friedrich dies.
1793 — France: Revolutionary government begins the Terror: "Let us institute terror as the order of the day." [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1794 — France: Radical democrat Jacques Roux is arrested. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1831 — Charles Darwin is interviewed by Capt. Fitzroy of the "Beagle" for the position of shipʼs naturalist; Fitzroy almost rejects Darwin because of the shape of Darwinʼs nose. [1] [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1859 — Our Nig by Harriet Wilson is published. The first novel published in the US by an African-American woman. Lost to readers for years until reprinted with a critical essay by noted African-American scholar Henry Louis Gates, Jr. in 1983.
1862 — United States of America: Lee crosses the Potomac and enters Maryland.
1863 — United States of America: Bread riots in Mobile, Alabama.
1869 — Switzerland: Basle Congress of International opens. Michael Bakunin appears for the slugfest, the communists (Bakuninists) opposed to the collectivists (Marxists). Tossing his mane of hair and brandishing his fist, whilst he glowered at the Marxite majority, Bakunin angrily declares: "I do not want merely the soil to become general property, I want all wealth to be the same! There must be a universal social liquidation — we must have the abolition of the State…"
1870 — France: Victor Hugo is hailed publicly in Paris upon return from banishment on Guernsey in the Channel Islands, where he wrote Les Châtiments and Les Misérables (Hugo spent about 50 pages describing the sewers of Paris). Hugo returned to France after the collapse of the Second Empire. He was elected to Parliament in October. On December 1 he obtains the release of Louise Michel. [2] [3]
1872 — Netherlands: A commission to the investigate the Bakuninist Alliance meets today, Thursday, during the Hague Congress (September 2—7). Notes are taken by Theodor Cuno, Chairman of the Investigation Commission, during the interrogation of witnesses. [4]
1877 — United States of America: Great Sioux warrior Crazy Horse murdered. "I will return to you in stone." Crazy Horse and his starving people had peacefully surrendered to the US army on May 6th. Crazy Horse was assassinated on orders from the local Reservation Agent, bayoneted in the back by a US soldier, while in custody at Fort Robinson, Nebraska.
1877 — Belgium: Verviers, from the 5 to the 8. 5th Congress of the Bakuninist section [anarchist] of the International Workingman's Association (IWA, the first Communist International); See also September 9 regards the Universal Socialist Congress (convened in Ghent, Belgium, intent on reunifying the various fractions within the AIT).
1882 — United States of America: First American Labor Day observed. 30,000 workers march in a parade sponsored by the New York City Central Labor Union.
1887 — United States of America: Labor Day is observed as a legal holiday in NY for the first time. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1894 — France: A two-day rain of toads at Chalon-sur-Saone, France. Source: 'Calendar Riots'
1897 — United States of America: Emma Goldman speaks in Boston on "Must We Become Angels to Live in an Anarchist Society?" and collects money for the victims of the Spanish authorities in the aftermath of the assassination of the premier.
1899 — United States of America: At the invitation of Kate Austin, Emma Goldman travels to the farming community of Caplinger Mills, Missouri, where she delivers three lectures, including "Patriotism." She had previously visited the farm of this anarchist feminist journalist in October of 1897.
1905 — Hungary: Arthur Koestler lives, Budapest.
1906 — Mexico: Followers of the three anarchist Flores Magon brothers, from Douglas, Arizona, try to take Agua Prieta, Sonora, to begin a revolt against Diaz (US police later arrest them). Meanwhile, campesinos of Acayucan, Veracruz form a mutual-defense pact against Diaz. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1911 — England: Pupils desert their classrooms and parade in the streets after a Llanelli boy is punished for passing round a note urging his friends to strike against corporal punishment. In the next fortnight, schools in over 60 major towns and cities will come out in solidarity.
1912 — Anarcho-musicologist John Cage lives, Los Angeles. Daily Bleed Saint 2004
1914 — Nicanor Parra lives, San Fabián de Alico, Chile. Mathematician and often considered to be the most influential poet Chile has produced since Pablo Neruda. Self-described "antipoet," due to his distaste for standard poetic pomp and function. [5] [6]
1915 — Switzerland: International Socialist Conference of Zimmerwald convenes, from the 5th-8th, gathering opponents of the World War I; Début d'un mouvement pacifiste international.; amb participació of Lenin. Fou intent of refer socialisme in the heat of revolucionari world war. Sources: [ Congressos Obrers ] and [ Le Libertaire ]
1916 — African American novelist Frank Yerby lives, Augusta, Georgia. His early story "Health Card" wins the O. Henry short story award. Turns to adventure novels and becomes a best-selling author of the 1940s and 1950s. In total, Yerby publishes over 30 novels that sell over 20 million copies.
1917 — United States of America: Palmer raids. Federal agents attack Industrial Workers of the World halls and offices in 48 cities across the nation.
1921 — United States of America: The Chamber of Commerce of Richmond, Virginia, petitions for the renaming of Main Street to remove the stigma aroused by Sinclair Lewis's novel. [7]
1923 — First use of smoke-screen for concealing troops. Military is finally catching up with politics.
1923 — Edgar Rice Burroughs novel Pellucidar is published. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1924 — France: Emma Goldman leaves Paris for London where she hopes to find it easier to earn a living. Resides at the home of Doris Zhook. Her closest associates here include John Turner, Thomas H. Keell, and William C. Owen.
1924 — Italy: Piero Gobetti, editore e direttore della rivista "La rivoluzione liberale," viene aggredito a Torino dai fascisti. [Source: Crimini e Misfatti]
1933 — Cuba: The Sergeants' Revolt, wherein the whole Cuban military officer class is liquidated in Havanaʼs Hotel Nacional by NCOs and enlisted troops. Source: 'Calendar Riots'
1936 — The first and most persuasive advocate of vers libre, Gustave Kahn, dies in Paris.
1939 — Dalton Trumboʼs Johnny Got His Gun published two days after the beginning of World War II. [8] http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAhollywood10.htm [9]
1954 — England: Demo by the National Council of Tenants' and Residents' Associations, Trafalgar Square, London. (No further info given in Maceʼs book).
1957 — Jack Kerouacʼs On the Road, an inspiration for a generation of restless spirits, is published. Regarded as the foundation text for the Beat movement, the book was written on a single scroll of paper, made up of 12-foot long sheets of tracing paper taped together and fed through a typewriter continuously, so Kerouac would not have to pause his train of thought. He wrote in fits of inspiration that lasted for days, fueled by amphetamine binges and lack of sleep. The entire process took 20 days and ended with a single spaced, 120-foot long scroll. [10]
1958 — Boris Pasternakʼs novel Doctor Zhivago is published in US for the first time. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1960 — Leopold Sedar Senghor, poet, politician, elected President of Senegal. In 1984 he was the first black person named to the French Academy. [11]
1960 — Cassius Clay captures the Olympic light heavyweight gold medal. Later becomes Mohammed Ali. He was stripped of his World Champion boxing crown for refusing to be inducted to fight in Vietnam, and disparaged as the worst kind of lowlife by the American government, media and corporate powers. But all will end well by the 1990s when all parties expeience a continuous love-fest with the aging and ailing champ.
1961 — United States of America: President Kennedy orders resumption of nuclear testing, "underground, with no fallout." [see December 9, 10 and 18]
1964 — Russia: Joe Hillʼs "Rebel Girl," Elizabeth Gurley Flynn dies, Moscow. One-time anarchist and labor militant who became a honcho in the American Communist Party. [12]
1964 — Manfred Mannʼs "Do Wah Diddy Diddy" is released.
1965 — San Francisco Examiner writer Michael Fallon applies the term "hippie" to the SF counterculture in an article about the Blue Unicorn coffeehouse where LEMAR (Legalize Marijuana) and the Sexual Freedom League meet, and hippie houses, declares the Beat movement is alive in the Haight district. [13]
1965 — Labor Day opening of Martha and The Vandellas at the Fillmore Auditorium.
1969 — Attorney General John Mitchell decides not to prosecute candidates and campaign organizations who failed, in 1968, to comply with the Federal Campaign Finance Law.
1969 — United States of America: American Vietnam War hero Lt. Wm. Calley is charged with murdering 109 "Oriental human beings."
[Source: Robert Braunwart]
1972 — Germany: Black September terrorists kill two Israeli athletes at Munich Olympics as inept German police bungle their response. These Arabs demand the release of 200 Arab prisoners held by Israel. An open gun battle ensues and when the smoke cleared, the nine remaining hostages and terrorists are dead.
1972 — Juan Puig Elias (1898 — 1972) dies. Spanish teacher and militant anarcho-syndicalist. Founder of "l'Escola Natura" based on the ideas of Francisco Ferrer. A CNT activist, involved with the Council of the New School Unified (CENU) during the Spanish Revolution.
1973 — "Many music lovers donʼt know that nearly a whole generation of original and highly talented musicians in Detroit were either snuffed out or forced to flee Detroit to keep their music careers alive. You'd come into a studio, cut a record, and they'd pay you maybe $20 and a bottle of whiskey. It didnʼt matter if the records sold 10 copies or if they sold 10,000." — Eddie "Guitar" Burns, interview in Fifth Estate, September 5, 1973
1975 — United States of America: Masonite Lynette Alice "Squeaky" Fromme, a member of Charles Mansonʼs "family," is caught pointing a handgun at President Gerald "Chewing Gum" Ford in Sacramento, California.
1978 — United States of America: Unexplained green slime falls on Washington, DC (-September 6). Politicans apparently tripping all over themselves. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1978 — Australia: Queensland premier bans all political street marches. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1981 — England: Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp established outside Greenham Air Base as "Women For Life On Earth."
1986 — United States of America: NASA launches GOD-1. [14]
1987 — United States of America: Tammy Faye Bakker describes her last night in her PTL mansion before being evicted by that Tower of Forgiveness, Jerry Falwell: "As I lay on the floor in the dark, empty room," she says, "Tuppins, my puppy, licked at the tears running down my face, Oh, Tuppins, I sobbed. Why has god forsaken me?" Tuppins told her to "piss off" before keeling over dead, from toxic shock, after sucking down all that dribbling mascara.
1989 — United States of America: President George Bush I announces a $7.9-billion antidrug plan; George uses a bag of crack purchased across the street from the White House as a prop to show how ubiquitous drugs are (later it is revealed that DEA agents had to lure a drug dealer there). Why he didnʼt score the crack from his drug-using son, George II, is not known. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1990 — United States of America: Los Angeles police chief Darryl Gates testifies before the U.S. Senate that "casual drug users should be taken out and shot." [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1990 — United States of America: Trainites set fire to a restaurant when unable to obtain items listed on the menu. [15]
1990 — United States of America: Greenpeace activists in Seattle chain themselves to a barge carrying chlorine to Alaska. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1991 — United States of America: Energy Department says some US nuclear-weapons plants will remain contaminated for 100 years despite a massive clean-up effort. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1991 — United States of America: AIDS activists inflate a 15' condom on roof of Senator Jesse Helms' Virginia home. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1993 — United States of America: The "Birmingham News" discloses research by the Southern Baptist Convention, estimating 46.1 percent of Alabamans are going to hell. Martin King of the denominationʼs Atlanta-based Home Mission Board says the Southern Baptists have conducted such demographic research for years, but refuses to reveal national figures. King says the Baptists arenʼt claiming to pass judgment: "All we know is that, as we understand the doctrine of salvation, a lot of people are lost."
1995 — United States of America: "FCC static silences unlicensed radio station " — New Jersey Star-Ledger [Source: Pirate Radio Kisok]
1997 — Cuba: Dissident Hector Palacio Ruiz sentenced to 18 months in prison on a charge of "disrespect for authority," having dissed President Fidel Castro in a German television interview. Palacio, in an interview broadcast last December on German TV, strongly criticized Castroʼs rule, calling for reforms, and at one point calling Castro "crazy."
1997 — John Sayles movie "Men With Guns" premiers, Toronto Film Festival. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1999 — East Timor: Anti-independence armed thugs take over the country. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
1999 — Palestinian terrorists are killed when their time bombs explode one hour prematurely, due to a daylight-savings time change. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
2001 — Human Rights Watch charges Macedonia with abuses against Albanians. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
2001 — Peru: Homicide charges are filed against exiled ex-dictator Alberto Fujimori. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
2002 — Afghanistan: President Karzai, surrounded by US body guards during the American occupation, survives an assassination attempt, Kandahar. [Source: Robert Braunwart]
