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March 14
March 14 is the 14th day in March.
Events[edit]
1471 — Sir Thomas Malory — who may have completed compiling/translating Le Morte d'Arthur while in prison — dies in Londonʼs Newgate Prison.
1794 — United States of America: Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin, a device for automatically removing seeds from cotton bolls.
1826 — Sir Walter Scott compares his novels with Jane Austenʼs: "the exquisite touch, which renders ordinary commonplace things and characters interesting … is denied to me."
1829 — England: Charles Charlesworth lives. Dies at seven of old age.
1838 — During this month Mikhail Bakuninʼs "Preface to Hegel's Gymnasium Lectures" is published.
1850 — Honore de Balzac, 51, marries Polish Countess Evelina Hanska, after 18 years of romantic correspondence. [1]
1851 — Czechoslovakia: The Russian anarchist Mikhail Bakunin, after first being jailed in Prague, is sent today to the Olmütz fortress in Austria, where he is sentenced in May to hang. Although the death sentence is commuted, Bakunin is chained hand and foot to the prison wall and suffers acutely. Shortly thereafter, he is handed over to the Russians and imprisoned in the dreaded dungeons of the Fortress of Peter and Paul.
1879 — Germany: Relativity theorist, peace activist Albert Einstein lives, Ulm. Charter union member of the American Federation of Teachers Local 552 at Princeton University in 1938. "The human mind is not capable of grasping the Universe. We are like a little child entering a huge library. The walls are covered to the ceilings with books in many different tongues. The child knows that someone must have written these books. It does not know who or how. It does not understand the languages in which they are written. But the child notes a definite plan in the arrangement of the books, a mysterious order which it does not comprehend, but only dimly suspects." [2]
1883 — England: Karl Marx dies, in genteel poverty, worked to death, London, age 64. [3] [4]
1887 — The founder of the bookstore Shakespeare and Company, Sylvia Beach, lives, in her fatherʼs parsonage in Baltimore. [5]
1891 — United States of America: Louisiana mob storms a jail and lynches 11 Italian immigrants recently acquitted of murdering the Sheriff of New Orleans.
1896 — France: Louis Emile Cottin lives. Received a death sentence (later commuted) for trying to assassinate Clémenceau in 1919. Cottin was killed on the Saragossa front during the Spanish Revolution in 1936, where he fought in the famed anarchist Durruti Column. [6]
1897 — Italy: Errico Malatesta clandestinely re-enters the country, at Ancône, and begins publishing the newspaper L'agitazione.
1901 — Argentina: Horacio Badaraco lives. (1901 — 1946), Buenos Aires, y vivÃa en el barrio de Congreso dentro del seno de una familia que, de constructores de barcos, pasaron a formar parte del status de banqueros.
1904 — Armas Äikiä (1904 — 1965) lives. Finnish writer, poet, Communist and journalist. [7]
1907 — United States of America: President Theodore Roosevelt excludes Japanese laborers from the continental US.
1907 — United States of America: Stock market crash, New York City.
1909 — Italy: Gaetano Salvemini pubblica sull'"Avanti" un articolo contro Giovanni Giolitti definendolo "il ministro della malavita", accusandolo di aver incentivato la corruzione nel Mezzogiorno e di essersi procurato il voto dei deputati meridionali mettendo "nelle elezioni, al loro servizio, la malavita e la questura". [Source: Crimini e Misfatti]
1912 — Italy: Antonio d' Alba shoots at King Victor-Emmanuel III who is attending a mass funeral for Umberto I (killed on 1900 July 29 by Gaetano Bresci). The young anarchist d' Alba is sentenced to forced labor.
1912 — United States of America: Industrial Workers of the World agrees to terms granting wage increases as 10,000 strikers gather and vote, successfully ending the "Bread and Roses" Lawrence Textile Strike of 32,000-people against wool mills. The strike was precipitated by wage cuts and horrendous working conditions. Lawrence, Massachusetts. [8] [9] [10]
- See also Howard Zinn, The Twentieth Century: A Peoples History
1914 — Canada: United Farmers of Ontario founded at Torontoʼs Labor Temple.
1915 — England: Walter Crane dies. Artist and libertarian socialist. Deeply influenced by Morrisʼs pamphlet Art and Socialism, Crane became involved in both the Art Workers' Guild and the Arts and Crafts Society. Like Morris, Crane created designs for wallpapers, printed fabrics, tiles and ceramics. In December 1914 Craneʼs wife Mary was killed by a train. The couple had been married for 44 years and Crane was devastated by her death. Walter Crane died today, three months later, in Horsham Hospital. [11]
1919 — France: The 23-year-old Louis-Emile Cottin sentenced to death. Commuted to 10 years in prison following a protest campaign organized in the pages of the anarchist "Libertaire." See 1919 February 2. [12]
1921 — Italy: Errico Malatesta, Armando Borghi, and Corrado Quaglino launch a hunger strike in the San Villore prison in Milan. orange diamond dingbat; new entry, remove 2007 In October of 1920, Borghi, Malatesta and other anarchists were rounded up on no particular charges. Today the three anarchists go on their hunger strike to force the court authorities to set a trial date. After nine months in prison on remand, by late July 1921, they were brought for trial to the Assizes in Milan. All of those charged were freed. Malatesta and Borghi had offered a zealous defence of themselves. Fascism was now in the ascendant and the lives of antifascist militants were in the balance. Borghi and Virgilia d'Andrea were continually receiving death threats.
1922 — Less than a year after beginning work at the Shawmut National Bank, author and founder of the Black Sun Press Harry Crosby resigns following a six-day bender. Source: Geoffrey Wolff, Black Sun (Random House, 1976) [13]
1932 — Germany: Emma Goldmanʼs tour continues (March 14 — March 23) with two meetings in Dresden and Leipzig, and further engagements in Naumburg, Zella-Mehlis, Erfurt, and Sömmerda.
1934 — England: National Civil Liberties Council founded.
1944 — United States of America: TWU organizes Philadelphia transit workers into Local 234.
1944 — Russia: L'Unione Sovietica è il primo degli stati a riconoscere il governo dell'ex-fascista Pietro Badoglio. Tra cinici voltagabbana ci si intende a meraviglia. [Source: Crimini e Misfatti]
1949 — United States of America: To protest the American military build-up, 41 people publicly refuse to pay income tax.
1961 — United States of America: B-52 carrying nuclear weapons crashes in California while on a training flight.
1962 — Giovanna Caleffi Berneri dies. Italian anarchist, married to Camillo Berneri (murdered by the Communists in Spain), mother of Marie Louise Berneri, Giliana Berneri (anarchists all). [14] [15] http://www.municipio.re.it/manifestazioni/berneri/gilberneri.htm
1964 — United States of America: Dallas jury finds Jack Ruby guilty of murdering Lee Harvey Oswald. [16] [17]
1968 — United States of America: CBS TV suspends Radio Free Europe free advertising because RFE doesnʼt make it clear it is sponsored by the Central Intelligence Agency.
1968 — Brazil: Commission report publishes evidence of large-scale extermination of tribes (poisoning and machine-gunning) by Brazilʼs Indian Protection Service. Nearly 30 years later, such attacks are still alarmingly common.
1969 — United States of America: Graphic artist and social conscience Ben Shahn dies, New York City. Daily Bleed Saint [18] [19]
1970 — United States of America: First American postal strike.
1977 — United States of America: Mississippiʼs angriest woman, Fannie Lou Hamer, dies in Ruleville, Mississippi, at age 69. In 1962, the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, or SNCC [snick] approached her to register to vote. This got her fired and, that night, a mob shot into her home. Then Hamer began her work in the civil-rights movement as SNCC field secretary. In 1963, an arrest and beating in Winona, Mississippi, left her permanently injured. Hamer gained national attention as a leader of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, which challenged the stateʼs all-white delegation to the 1964 National Democratic Convention. She also concentrated on African American self-reliance, including the Freedom Farm Cooperative, which fed 1,500 people. [20]
1978 — Spain: In the Carabanchel prison, the militant anarchist Agustin Rueda (b.1952), who after years of harrasment and recent beatings while in jail, dies from his injuries. Efforts to keep his life from being forgotten have resulted in commemoration gatherings around Spain, including one on the 25th anniversary of his death (2003 March 14) and another on 2004 October 31 celebrated with recollections, music and poetry. [21] [22]
1979 — China: A military jet cargo plane on a training mission crashes into a factory outside Peking, killing the 12-member crew & 32 factory workers.
1981 — Eric Clapton admitted to United Hospital in St. Paul, Minnesota after a serious attack of bleeding ulcers.
1983 — For the first time in its 23-year history, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Coutries (OPEC) agrees to cut the prices of its crude oil. The decision reflects falling worldwide demand for OPEC products.
1989 — United States of America: American naturalist novelist, anarchist, xenophobe, Cactus — Ed Abbey Lives! Dies, more or less, today. [23]
1990 — United States of America: Sixteen disabled rights activists arrested at the U.S. Capitol demanding passage of what becomes the Americans With Disabilities Act.
1993 — When Gay Talese raised the question, "Where are the Italian American Novelists?" on the front page of the 1993 March 14 New York Times Book Review, I believed that he might be bringing, for the first time, national attention to the possibilities that there might be a literary tradition that is distinctly Italian American. [24]
1993 — Soledad Estorach Esterri (1915 — 1993) dies. Anarchist, feminist, member of Mujeres Libres, companion in arms with Concha Liaño. [25] [26] [27] [28]
1998 — United States of America: At the Exploratorium in Frisco, California, mathematicians assemble, as usual, to celebrate pi (3.14159 etc.). One of probably dozens or maybe hundreds of such assemblies worldwide at which people sing songs and recite poetry about pi, have pi trivia quizzes, and eat pie.
1998 — United States of America: Third Annual Bay Area Anarchist Book Fair, Frisco, California. Artists and speakers include Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Arther Evans, John Shirley, Pat Califia, and Will Rosco. Over 50 exhibitors from all over the United States hawk radical and anti-authoritarian books, records, posters and tee-shirts. [29]
2003 — Millions of Europeans participate in a 15-minute work stoppage to protest President Bushʼs relentless war drive against Iraq. [30] [31]
2003 — United States of America: The campaign staff of the Elder Partyʼs inveterate presidential candidate announced today that Cthulhu will not be running in the 2004 election. "George W. Bush has undermined our entire campaign platform," complained one staffer, who went on to explain that Cthulhuʼs presidential campaign slogan has always been, "Why Vote For The Lesser Evil?" "Ever since Dubya rose to power, the Great Cthulhu is the lesser evil. How could anyone — or anything — compete with his vile policies and sinister agendas?"
2007 — Germany: A mass refusal to pay water charges in the city of Bremen quickly escalates into a series of bitter and widening conflicts with authorities. Source: 'Calendar Riots'
