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| − | In the last 60 years, there have been a number of conflicts in the [[Middle East]]. Many of these conflicts have been part of the [[Arab-Israeli conflict]]: five wars between Israel and surrounding Arab countries (in 1948, 1956, 1967, 1973 and 1982). See also [[list of conflicts in the Maghreb]].
| + | A '''list of conflicts in the Middle East''' arranged by time period. |
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| − | == [[Arab-Israeli conflict]] or [[Israeli-Palestinian conflict]]== | + | ===20th Century=== |
| − | | + | *[[1914]] - [[1918]] [[World War I]] |
| − | *[[1948 Arab-Israeli War]] | + | *[[1939]] - [[1945]] [[World War II]] |
| − | *[[1956 Suez War]]
| + | :*[[1941]] [[Anglo-Iraqi War]] |
| − | *[[1967 Six Day War]]
| + | *[[1948]] - [[1949]] [[First Arab-Israeli War]] |
| − | *[[1970 War of Attrition]] | + | *[[1956]] - [[Suez Crisis]] |
| − | *[[1973 Yom Kippur War]]
| + | *[[1964]] - [[1967]] [[War over Water]] |
| − | *[[1982 Lebanon War]]
| + | *[[1967]] [[Six-Day War]] |
| − | | + | *[[1967]] - [[1970]] [[War of Attrition]] |
| − | == [[Jordan]]-[[Syria]] tensions ==
| + | *[[1973]] [[Yom Kippur War]] |
| − | | + | *[[1978]] [[First South Lebanon Conflict]] |
| − | As part of the broader tensions between monarchical, pro-Western governments and Nasserite, socialist governments, the Syrian governments of the sixties were opposed to the Jordanian monarchy; in [[1960]], the assassination of the Jordanian prime minister [[Hazza al-Majali]] was blamed on [[Syria]] (at the time, the [[United Arab Republic]].) Tensions increased further after King Hussein ended official support for the [[PLO]] in [[1966]]; in September 1970, a Syrian military unit crossed into Jordan to aid the [[PLO]] against the Jordanian army (see [[Black September in Jordan]]). The Syrian force was repulsed, but relations remained tense and were severed in July [[1971]]. In [[1975]], Jordan and Syria attempted to put aside past hostilities between them and create a new alliance. In [[1979]], [[King Hussein of Jordan]] proposed an alternative to the [[Camp David accords]] to which [[Hafez al-Assad]] of Syria strongly objected; this marked the beginning of a rapid deterioration in Jordanian-Syrian relations. In 1979 [[Syria]] accused the Kingdom of [[Jordan]] of supporting the [[Muslim Brotherhood]]'s attacks against Assad's government.
| + | *[[1982]] [[First Lebanon War]] |
| − | | + | *[[1982]] - [[2002]] [[Second South Lebanon Conflict]] |
| − | == [[Yemen civil war]] ==
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| − | [[Egypt]] aided one side in a civil war in [[Yemen]] from [[1962]] to [[1967]]. As the war expanded into a fight with another Arab nation, [[Saudi Arabia]], Egypt withdrew its troops. | + | |
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| − | == [[Dhofar war]] ==
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| − | In [[1964]], a [[leftist]] separatist rebellion began in the Omani province of [[Dhofar]]; it was aided by [[South Yemen]] and to a lesser extent other [[Marxist]] states. The government of Oman was aided first mainly by the [[United Kingdom]], then [[Iran]], as well as several other non-Marxist states. The rebellion ended in [[1976]].
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| − | == [[Libya-Egypt conflict]] ==
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| − | Following [[Egypt]]'s first negotiations with [[Israel]] in [[1973]], [[Libya]] became hostile to [[Egypt]]. In [[1977]], not long after demonstrators in the two countries attacked each other's consulates, the two countries fought a four-day war ([[July 21]]-[[July 24]]) during which several Libyan aircraft were destroyed on the ground. The war ended with no change to the ''status quo ante''.
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| − | == Iraq-Kuwait clashes ==
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| − | Kuwait and Iraq had a serious territorial dispute that led to armed warfare in [[1973]] and again in [[1976]]. Iraq wanted Kuwait's oil and ports, and argued that Kuwait was rightfully theirs due to pre-British imperial boundaries. In [[1990]] Iraq occupied Kuwait, but was expelled in [[1991]].
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| − | * [[1973 Iraq-Kuwait war]] | + | |
| − | * [[1976 Iraq-Kuwait war]]
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| − | * 1990-1991 [[Gulf War]] | + | |
| − | The 2003 invasion of Iraq was launched from Kuwait territory.
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| − | == The 1980 [[Iran-Iraq war]] ==
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| − | Sometimes called the First Persian Gulf War. In this war Syria entered on the side of Iran, against Iraq, with aid and supplies.
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| − | == US-Iraq conflicts ==
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| − | There have been two major conflicts between the US and Iraq.
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| − | * 1990-1991 [[Gulf War]]
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| − | :During the Gulf War, the US invaded Iraq after restoring the sovereignty of Kuwait. This was done under the UN flag by a coalition including the USA.
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| − | * 2003-2005 [[2003 invasion of Iraq]] | + | |
| − | :In 2003, the United States invaded and occupied Iraq after a dispute over the status of the Iraqi [[NBC weapon|Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical weapons]] programs. This war is sometimes known as the [[Second Gulf War]].
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| − | In the intervening period, the US, UK, and (until 1996) France continued to enforce [[Iraqi no-fly zone|no-fly zones]] over large areas of Iraq. Many people of Iraq and other countries considered this to be a continuous invasion of Iraqi airspace, and thus, one war from 1990-2005.
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| − | ==General conflicts of the [[United States|US]]==
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| − | "[[War on Terrorism]]" is a collective term for US involvement in several countries, including [[Afghanistan]] and [[Pakistan]].
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| | + | ===21st Century=== |
| | + | *[[1982]] - [[2002]] [[Second South Lebanon Conflict]] |
| | + | *[[2006]] [[Second Lebanon War]] |
| | + | *[[2008]] - [[2009]] [[Gaza War]] |
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| | [[Category:War]] | | [[Category:War]] |
| − | [[Category:Middle East]]
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