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crime

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Revision as of 18:59, 15 August 2008 by RayneVanDunem (Talk | contribs)

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Crime refers to an action or the perpetration of actions which are detrimental to the rights of either a single individual or a society.

Classes

  • Infraction
  • Misdemeanor
  • Felony
  • Summary
  • Indictable
  • Hybrid

Types

Several types of crime exist according to the jurisdiction and time in which such actions which are classified as crime are committed:

  • Crime against the person
    • Assault
    • Battery
    • Extortion
    • Harassment
    • Kidnapping
    • Identity theft
    • Manslaughter (and corporate manslaughter)
    • Murder
    • Rape
    • Robbery
  • Crime against property
    • Arson
    • Blackmail
    • Burglary
    • Deception
    • Embezzlement
    • False pretenses
    • Fraud
    • Handling
    • Larceny
    • Theft
    • Vandalism
  • Crime against the public order
    • Drug possession
  • Crime against the state
    • Tax evasion
    • Espionage
    • Treason
  • Crime against humanity and international law
    • crimes against peace
    • waging a war of aggression
    • crimes of apartheid
    • piracy
    • genocide
    • war crimes
    • the slave trade
  • Crime against justice and judicial institutions
    • Bribery
    • Misprision of felony
    • Obstruction
    • Perjury
    • Malfeasance in office
  • Inchoate offenses
    • Accessory
    • Attempt
    • Conspiracy
    • Incitement
    • Solicitation
    • Common purpose

After a crime is committed

The action that is considered as a crime is usually followed by

  • an accusation against the perceived perpetrator
  • arrest and incarceration of the alleged perpetrator until the bail can be paid or until a formal indictment
  • investigation in the jurisdiction of the crime (which, if the alleged perpetrator is determined by the investigation, results in the next step)
  • a formal charge and accusation of crime lodged by the investigatory agency (based on the findings of the investigation) to the judicial officers
  • an indictment of the alleged perpetrator by the court
  • the appointment of both a defense lawyer by or for the accused and a Prosecutor for either the state or the plaintiff
  • a trial by jury, where the lawyers represent their respective sides and question their witnesses, accused and investigators on the stand.
  • deliberation and voting by the jury in private.
  • a verdict announced to the court by an appointed announcer-member of the jury
  • if innocent, the release of the accused by the judge and the adjourning of the trial. if guilty, the eventual announcement of a selected and determined sentence of the accused.
  • if guilty, the eventual beginning of incarceration of the accused in a prison or rehabilitation facility, with or without parole (in several jurisdictions for certain crimes that are considered especially heinous, the eventual serving of a capital punishment upon the accused if all appeals have been exhausted).
  • Appeals by the defense to the court for either re-opening the case for further review (in the hope of a sooner release) or for reduction of the sentence's severity in return for a plea bargain.
  • If not a capital punishment or lifelong sentence, Parole and probation for a number of years following release until the accused is determined as having been fully rehabilitated and reformed for societal living and respect of the rights of others.