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* [http://www.lanacion.cl/prontus_noticias/site/artic/20061216/pags/20061216180936.html Historial judicial de Augusto Pinochet] | * [http://www.lanacion.cl/prontus_noticias/site/artic/20061216/pags/20061216180936.html Historial judicial de Augusto Pinochet] | ||
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[[de:Operación Colombo]][[en:Operation Colombo]][[fr:Opération Colombo]][[pl:Operacja Kolombo]][[ru:ÐžÐ¿ÐµÑ€Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ Â«ÐšÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¼Ð±Ð¾Â»]][[sv:Operation Colombo]] | [[de:Operación Colombo]][[en:Operation Colombo]][[fr:Opération Colombo]][[pl:Operacja Kolombo]][[ru:ÐžÐ¿ÐµÑ€Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ Â«ÐšÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¼Ð±Ð¾Â»]][[sv:Operation Colombo]] |
Latest revision as of 00:27, 18 June 2012
- The corresponding article, Wikipedia:Operation Colombo is weak, but may someday be improved. This is a partial translation of the spanish language wikipedia article: Operación Colombo
Operation Colombo was an operation mounted by the Directorate of National Intelligence chile n (DINA) in 1975 to cover up the disappearance of 119 political opponents of the military regime, mostly members of the Revolutionary Left Movement ( MIR)
The DINA claimed the murders were the result of internal purges conducted overseas and clashes with security forces, and supported the creation of two false magazines in Brazil and Argentina to support this claim. The magazines published a list of 119 dead political opponents.[1]
One of these fake magazines, titled LEA, was published by Codex Editorial, a dependent of the Argentine Ministry of Welfare, directed by José López Rega, counsellor of Isabel Perón and founder of the Triple A death squad.[2]
Contents
July 1975[edit]
The name Operation Colombo was the DINA's own, although the it was conducted in conjunction with the CIA's Operation Condor, cooperation between American intelligence services. Criminal responsibility for these events is attributed to the staff of the DINA, and indirectly Augusto Pinochet, the issue is now in the hands of the Chilean courts. Operation Colombo took place at a time when international criticism of Chile was attended by the repeated complaints of violations of human rights at the hands of government agents.
Lo que se imputa a la DINA es haber ideado, junto a los aparatos represivos argentinos y con la complicidad de medios de prensa chilenos (como El Mercurio, La Segunda y La Tercera) una manera de convencer a la opinión pública de la inexistencia de los Detenidos Desaparecidos, atribuyendo sus muertes a rencillas polÃticas internas, propias de la izquierda, y especÃficamente del Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR). En ese contexto la prensa chilena reprodujo informaciones publicadas por las revistas Lea, en Argentina, y Novo O'DÃa, en Brasil, según las cuales estaba esclarecido el paradero de 119 personas. La primera de estas publicaciones informaba acerca del destino de 60 desaparecidos, en tanto la otra, el de los 59 restantes.
La reproducción de estas "noticias" en la prensa chilena habrÃa perseguido el propósito de respaldar las posiciones del gobierno: que no habÃa detenidos desaparecidos, sino que las personas buscadas por sus familiares habÃan huido del paÃs y estaban eliminándose los unos a los otros en el extranjero. En algunos casos, como ocurrió con el vespertino La Segunda, a la reproducción de informaciones se añadió el escarnio, con un titular insultante : "Exterminan como ratas a miristas" (trabajo periodÃstico cuya responsabilidad profesional se atribuye a Mercedes Garrido, [2] entonces subdirectora del vespertino, quien sigue integrando actualmente el personal del Mercurio). Menos ignominioso, el titular de La Tercera (23 de julio de 1975) indicaba "El MIR ha asesinado a 60 de sus hombres".
Poco tiempo después pudo confirmarse la existencia efÃmera de las revistas Lea y Novo O'DÃa, las que desaparecieron tras esta publicación de julio de 1975; no es, pues, infundado pensar que fueron creadas especialmente para la ocasión. La revista Lea habrÃa sido de responsabilidad de una editorial Codex, de propiedad del Estado Argentino. Un periódico de nombre O'DÃa, en cambio, habÃa existido con anterioridad (en Curitiba, Brasil).
De las 119 personas involucradas en la Operación Colombo, al menos 106 habrÃan sido vistas al interior de recintos de tortura por otros detenidos que lograron salir con vida.
El 1 de agosto de 1975, el Comité Pro Paz presentó una solicitud a la Corte Suprema para que se designara un Ministro en Visita por las personas detenidas y desaparecidas durante su arresto. Se insistió en saber el paradero de estas personas por los nuevos antecedentes que surgieron por la supuesta información de 119 chilenos muertos en Argentina. Pero esta solicitud fue denegada por el máximo tribunal.
Sergio Diez Urzúa, quien entonces desempeñaba como embajador de Chile ante la ONU, declaró ante la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas que muchas de las desapariciones denunciadas eran falsas, explicando que algunas de ellas correspondÃan a purgas internas del MIR, que otras personas simplemente no tenÃan existencia legal o se trataba de gente muerta o exiliada. En marzo de 2004, Diez, quien pertenece a partido polÃtico de centro-derecha, declaró :
- "Todas las intervenciones que yo hice en Naciones Unidas fueron informaciones que proporcionó el gobierno. Evidentemente, yo no tenÃa ninguna forma de imponerme. En muchos casos fui yo engañado, fueron los tribunales, fue la opinión pública engañada y es bueno que se investigue".
An article on this subject was deleted on Wikipedia: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/ List of MIR (Chile) members assassinated by the Pinochet regime WP administrators can restore the edit history of this page upon request |
WP+ DEL |
The 119[edit]
List of MIR (Chile) members and others, 119 in all, assassinated by the Pinochet regime
No. | date | full name | age | militancy | activity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 27/05/74 | AgustÃn González Eduardo Reyes | 23 | MIR | Artisan |
2 | 04/06/74 | Carlos Galvez Luis Cubillos | 20 | MIR | Peddler |
3 | 15/06/74 | Ziede Eduardo Humberto Gomez | 27 | MIR | Student of Sociology |
4 | 17/06/74 | Fioraso Albano Augustine Chau | 23 | MIR | Professor of Castilian |
5 | 18/06/74 | Jorge Enrique Espinoza Mendez | 24 | MIR | College Student |
6 | 25/06/74 | Villarroel Bargains Victor Man | 18 | s / m | Worker |
7 | 08/07/74 | Acuña Castillo Miguel Angel | 18 | MIR | Student |
8 | 08/07/74 | Hector Garay Hermosilla Marci | 18 | MIR | Student |
9 | 10/07/74 | Second Henry Romero Toro | 28 | PC | Worker |
10 | 10/07/74 | Barbara Gabriela Uribe Tamblay | 20 | MIR | Secretary |
11 | 10/07/74 | Edwin Van Yurick Altamirano | 20 | MIR | Seller |
12 | 13/07/74 | Jaime Mauricio Lorca Buzzio | 21 | MIR | Student Technician |
13 | 13/07/74 | Borgel Alvarado Maria Ines | 21 | MIR | Secretary |
14 | 07/14/74 | Contreras Gonzalez Abundio | 28 | MIR | Worker |
15 | 15/07/74 | Chacon Olivares Juan Rosendo | 29 | MIR | Veterinarian |
16 | 15/07/74 | Elgueta Pinto Martin | 21 | MIR | Student of Economics |
17 | 15/07/74 | Lara Eduardo Enrique Petrovich | 35 | PC | Employee IRT |
18 | 15/07/74 | Moreno Fuenzalida Rodol Germain | 25 | MIR | Law Student |
19 | 07/15/74 | Astudillo Jose Villagra Caupol | 40 | PC | Worker |
20 | 17/07/74 | Esteban Marcos Quiñones Lembach | 26 | MIR | Public Employee |
21 | 18/07/74 | Pina Reyes Daniel Abraham | 24 | MIR | Hairdresser |
22 | 19/07/74 | Pedro Enrique Poblete Cordova | 27 | MIR | Metallurgical Workers |
23 | 07/20/74 | July Guajardo Luis Zamorano | 22 | MIR | Student Indu Tec St. |
24 | 07/20/74 | Muñoz Andrade Leopold | 22 | MIR | Graduate Industrial Esc |
25 | 23/07/74 | Rodolfo Gonzalez Perez Valencia | 19 | s / m | Military Service Fach |
26 | 25/07/74 | Juan Ernesto Ibarra Toledo | 21 | MIR | Student Social Service |
27 | 25/07/74 | Osvaldo Nunez Ramon Espinoza | 20 | MIR | Student |
28 | 26/07/74 | Dario Ismael Chavez Lobos | 22 | MIR | Public Works Employee |
29 | 27/07/74 | Jorge Alejandro Olivares Graindorge | 23 | MIR | Gardener |
30 | 07/29/74 | Zachariah Muñoz Antonio Machuca | 22 | MIR | Technical Graduate Topographic |
31 | 30/07/74 | Eduardo Enrique Alarcón Jara | 49 | MIR | Bricklayer |
32 | 30/07/74 | Bow Tie Cross Ofelio | 43 | PS / MIR | Carpenter |
33 | 31/07/74 | Rene Alfonso Chanfreau Oyarce | 23 | MIR | Student of Philosophy |
34 | 01/08/74 | Montecinos Sebastian Sergio Alfaro | 28 | PS | Sastre and auditor |
35 | 05/08/74 | Jorquera Encina Mauritius | 19 | MIR | Student |
36 | 06/08/74 | Angelica Maria Andreoli Bravo | 27 | MIR | Secretary |
37 | 08/06/74 | Muriel Dockendorff Navarrete | 22 | MIR | Student of Economics |
38 | 15/08/74 | Mirror Rodolfo Alejandro Gomez | 18 | PS | High School Student |
39 | 08/15/74 | Gregorio Antonio Farias Gaete | 24 | PS | Worker |
40 | 15/08/74 | Hernan Gonzalez Inostroza Galo | 27 | MIR | Employee particularly |
41 | 08/15/74 | Maria Elena Gonzalez Inostroza | 22 | MIR | Professor |
42 | 16/08/74 | Carlos Eladio Morales Salcedo | 21 | MIR | Dealers |
43 | 17/08/74 | Cabezas Antonio Sergio Quijada | 29 | PS | Controller |
44 | 21/08/74 | Daniel Arevalo Victor Munoz | 26 | PC | Fruit Seller |
45 | 22/08/74 | Alberto Arias Vladimir Vega | 19 | PC | Mechanic radiators |
46 | 22/08/74 | Garido Theobald Antonio Tello | 25 | MIR | Photographer |
47 | 22/08/74 | Modesto Espinoza Second Pozo | 32 | MIR | RondÃn |
48 | 23/08/74 | Arturo Aguilera Stalin Penaloza | 41 | PC | Master Painter |
49 | 24/08/74 | Maturana Perez Juan Bautista | 29 | PC | Dealers |
50 | 24/08/74 | Olmos Guzman Gary Nelson | 34 | s / m | Artisan footwear |
51 | 26/08/74 | Bravo Francisco Javier Nunez | 24 | MIR | Auto Mechanic |
52 | 27/08/74 | Binfa Jacqueline Contreras | 28 | MIR | Social Worker |
53 | 28/08/74 | Antonio Arturo Barria Araneda | 38 | PC | Professor |
54 | 29/08/74 | Violeta del Carmen Diaz Lopez | 40 | MIR | Secretary |
55 | 05/09/74 | Sonia Reyes of Bustos Mercedes | 30 | PDC | Cashier |
56 | 06/09/74 | Chaer Robert Vasquez | 21 | MIR | Employee particularly |
57 | 06/09/74 | Llanca Iturra Monica Chyslaine | 23 | MIR | Employee Cabinet |
58 | 06/09/74 | Chaparro Edgardo Morales | 38 | PS | Worker |
59 | 07/09/74 | Aedo Carrasco Francisco Eduardo | 63 | PS / MIR | Professor of Architecture |
60 | 07/09/74 | Retamales Briceño Asrael Leone | 44 | s / m | Mechanic free show |
61 | 10/09/74 | Carlos Perez Freddy Vargas | 25 | MIR | Advertiser |
62 | 13/09/74 | Jara Castro Jose Hipolito | 24 | MIR | Graduate Chemistry and Pharmacy |
63 | 14/09/74 | De Castro Bernardo Lopez | 36 | MIR | Advertiser Cartoonist |
64 | 14/09/74 | Rivas Luis Eduardo Duran | 29 | MAPU / MIR | Student Journalism |
65 | 14/09/74 | Lagos Sergio Hernan Hidalgo | 30 | MAPU / MIR | Employee particularly |
66 | 14/09/74 | Merino Pedro Juan Molina | 20 | PC | Tailor |
67 | 16/09/74 | Mario Diaz Carrasco Edrulfo | 18 | S / m | Student Accounting |
68 | 16/09/74 | Palomino Second Vicente Benitez | 30 | MIR | Professor of Chemistry |
69 | 16/09/74 | Hector Tapia Zúñiga Cayetano | 27 | MIR | Student of Chemistry and Pharmacy |
70 | 17/09/74 | Manuel Jesus Villalobos Diaz | 22 | MIR | Seller |
71 | 17/09/74 | Nestor Alfonso Gallardo Aguero | 24 | MIR | Counter |
72 | 20/09/74 | Alfredo Carlos Gajardo Wolff | 34 | MIR | Architect |
73 | 20/09/74 | Sources Riquelme Luis Fernando | 23 | MIR | College Student |
74 | 23/09/74 | Maria Cristina Lopez Stewart | 22 | MIR | Student of History |
75 | 25/09/74 | Mario Eduardo Tapia Calderón | 31 | MIR | Journalist |
76 | 25/09/74 | Argomedo Ariel Martin Salinas | 26 | MIR | Student of Sociology |
77 | 03/10/74 | Antequera Andronicos Jorge Eli | 24 | MIR | Student |
78 | 04/10/74 | Andronicos Juan Carlos Antequera | 23 | MIR | Student |
79 | 07/10/74 | Eduardo Miranda Francis Wolves | 27 | MIR | Surveyor |
80 | 24/10/74 | Eugenia Martinez Hernandez Del | 25 | MIR | Textile Workers |
81 | 30/10/74 | Droully Yurich Jacqueline Paul | 24 | MIR | Social Worker |
82 | 10/31/74 | Jorge Humberto D'Orival Briceño | 26 | MIR | Veterinarians |
83 | 31/10/74 | Eytel Marcelo Eduardo Salinas | 31 | MIR | Technical radio and tv |
84 | 11/16/74 | Sergio Reyes Alfonso Navarrete | 26 | MIR | Graduated in economics |
85 | 17/11/74 | Saviors Cecilia Castro Ga | 23 | MIR | Law Student |
86 | 19/11/74 | Pizarro Meniconi Isidro Migue | 21 | MIR | Technical typewriter |
87 | 25/11/74 | Ruben Padilla David Arroyo | 29 | MIR | Artisan |
88 | 26/11/74 | Peralta Claudio Silva Guiller | 23 | MIR | Student of Biology |
89 | 27/11/74 | Guillermo Silva Fernando Camus | 61 | MIR | Interior Decorator |
90 | 27/11/74 | From Goyeneche Felix Jara | 24 | MIR | Student of pedagogy |
91 | 29/11/74 | Well Cifuentes Carmen Cecilia | 24 | MIR | Filmmaker |
92 | 07/12/74 | Jaime Luis Rojas Palominos | 23 | MIR | Student |
93 | 08/12/74 | Cid Urrutia Washington | 25 | MIR | Student of pedagogy |
94 | 09/12/74 | Cereceda Maria Bustillos Teres | 25 | MIR | Student social service |
95 | 09/12/74 | Mario Fernando Peña Solari | 21 | MIR | Student of Architecture |
96 | 09/12/74 | Adele Silvia Neira Marta Muñoz | 29 | MIR | Employee particularly |
97 | 10/12/74 | Nilda Patricia Peña Solari | 23 | MIR | Student of Biology |
98 | 10/12/74 | Gerardo Silva Ernesto Saldivar | 23 | MIR | Student statistical |
99 | 12/12/74 | Maria Teresa Contreras Eltit | 22 | MIR | Student secretarial |
100 | 12/12/74 | Jorge Eduardo Ortiz Moraga | 20 | MIR | Medical Student |
101 | 12/12/74 | Radrigan Osvaldo Piazza Anselmo | 25 | MIR | College Student |
102 | 13/12/74 | Antonio Jorge Herrera Chest | 18 | MIR | middle school student |
103 | 14/12/74 | Ramon Isidro Labrador Urrutia | 24 | MIR | Dealers |
104 | 20/12/74 | Mary Elizabeth Petersen Joui | 19 | MIR | Student of Economics |
105 | 31/12/74 | Jaime Robotham Eugenio Bravo | 23 | PS | Student of Sociology |
106 | 01/01/75 | Martinez Agustin Meza Alamiro | 27 | MIR | Mechanical Engineer |
107 | 02/01/75 | Marchant Villaseca Rodolfo | 29 | PS | Air Conditioning Technician |
108 | 06/01/75 | Jilberto Patricio Urbina Chamorro | 25 | MIR | Medical Student |
109 | 07/01/75 | Claudio Contreras Hernandez | 27 | MIR | Civil Constructor |
110 | 07/01/75 | Sandoval RodrÃguez M. Angel | 26 | MIR | Tailor |
111 | 10/01/75 | July Fidel Perez Flores | 22 | MIR | UTE Student Antofagasta |
112 | 18/01/75 | Alfredo Gabriel Garcia Vega | 30 | MIR | Valparaiso University Professor |
113 | 29/01/75 | Molina J. Mogollon Enrique | 29 | MIR | Employee |
114 | 07/02/75 | Ugaz Rodrigo Eduardo Morales | 22 | MIR | Self-employed |
115 | 13/02/75 | Enrique Vasquez Jaime Saenz | 27 | MIR | Student of civil construction |
116 | 14/02/75 | Joo Manuel Cortes Edgardo Del | 28 | MIR | Counter |
117 | 14/02/75 | Hugo Daniel Videla Rios | 21 | MIR | Student Ute |
118 | 14/02/75 | René Acuña Roberto Reyes | 22 | MIR | College Student |
119 | 20/02/75 | Juan Carlos Perelman Ide | 31 | MIR | Chemical Engineer |
This list was taken from Annex No. 1 of the book The Big Lie The case of the 119 lists of CODEPU </ small> |
Trial processes[edit]
Pinochet[edit]
Chile's former military ruler, Augusto Pinochet, was placed under house arrest in connection with the kidnapping of at least three dissidents by the former military ruler's security services.
The Minister requested the impeachment of Augusto Pinochet, which was granted on July 6, 2005 by the Santiago Appeals Court and confirmed by the Supreme Court on September 14.
Judge Juan Guzmán Tapia asked the Chilean justice to lift Pinochet's immunity after having accumulated proof that he had ordered the DINA to undertake this operation.
In September 2005, the Chilean Supreme Court decided to lift Pinochet's immunity on this case, charging judge Victor Montiglio of the investigations. In November 2005, prosecutors said that specialists appointed by the court in the Operation Colombo case had concluded that while he suffered from mild dementia, he was fit enough to stand trial. He was granted bail in December.
On this occasion, Pinochet met DINA head Manuel Contreras, who held him as responsible of the DINA and, therefore, of operation Colombo, for which both men may be jailed. Raúl Iturriaga, the vice-director of the DINA, has also been indicted in this case.
In December 2005 it was found that Pinochet was found fit to stand trial and bail was granted him. However Pinochet died December 10, 2006.
Others[edit]
27th of May 27 2008, Montiglio Minister processed and issued arrest warrants for 98 involved in the crimes, including members of the armed forces. Wednesday September 2, 2009 many cases of former torturers were reopened.
Further reading[edit]
Citations[edit]
- ↑ [1] CNN World article, August, 2008
- ↑ La Gran Mentira - El caso de las "Listas de los 119" (capitulo 7), published by Equipo Nizkor (Spanish)
External links[edit]
- Fallo Colegio de periodistas
- Recortes de prensa de la época que dieron a conocer estos hechos
- FotografÃas y testimonios de las 119 personas detenidas desaparecidas
- 119 de nosotros de Lucia Sepúlveda
- Careo entre Manuel Contreras y Augusto Pinochet por el Caso Colombo
- Historial judicial de Augusto Pinochet
- Pages with broken file links
- Articles deleted from Wikipedia
- Activism in the Americas
- Activism in Latin America
- Activism in South America
- Activists by continent
- Activists by region
- Activists in Latin America
- Activists in South America
- Chilean military regime
- Massacres in Chile
- Enforced disappearance of persons
- Deception
- Politics in 1975
- Cold War
- Terrorist incidents in 1975
- Operation Condor
- Dirty wars
- Chile under Augusto Pinochet
- 1975 in Chile