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Difference between revisions of "crime"
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(New page: '''Crime''' refers to an action or the perpetration of actions which are detrimental to the rights of either a single individual or a society. Several types of crime exist according to th...) |
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'''Crime''' refers to an action or the perpetration of actions which are detrimental to the rights of either a single individual or a society. | '''Crime''' refers to an action or the perpetration of actions which are detrimental to the rights of either a single individual or a society. | ||
| + | ==Classes== | ||
| + | * Infraction | ||
| + | * Misdemeanor | ||
| + | * Felony | ||
| + | * Summary | ||
| + | * Indictable | ||
| + | * Hybrid | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Types== | ||
Several types of crime exist according to the jurisdiction and time in which such actions which are classified as crime are committed: | Several types of crime exist according to the jurisdiction and time in which such actions which are classified as crime are committed: | ||
* Crime against the person | * Crime against the person | ||
| + | ** Assault | ||
| + | ** Battery | ||
| + | ** Extortion | ||
| + | ** Harassment | ||
| + | ** Kidnapping | ||
| + | ** Identity theft | ||
| + | ** Manslaughter (and corporate manslaughter) | ||
| + | ** Murder | ||
| + | ** Rape | ||
| + | ** Robbery | ||
* Crime against property | * Crime against property | ||
| + | ** Arson | ||
| + | ** Blackmail | ||
| + | ** Burglary | ||
| + | ** Deception | ||
| + | ** Embezzlement | ||
| + | ** False pretenses | ||
| + | ** Fraud | ||
| + | ** Handling | ||
| + | ** Larceny | ||
| + | ** Theft | ||
| + | ** Vandalism | ||
* Crime against the public order | * Crime against the public order | ||
| + | ** Drug possession | ||
* Crime against the state | * Crime against the state | ||
| − | * | + | ** Tax evasion |
| − | * Crime against international law | + | ** Espionage |
| + | ** Treason | ||
| + | * Crime against humanity and international law | ||
| + | ** crimes against peace | ||
| + | ** waging a war of aggression | ||
| + | ** crimes of apartheid | ||
| + | ** piracy | ||
| + | ** genocide | ||
| + | ** war crimes | ||
| + | ** the slave trade | ||
* Crime against justice and judicial institutions | * Crime against justice and judicial institutions | ||
| + | ** Bribery | ||
| + | ** Misprision of felony | ||
| + | ** Obstruction | ||
| + | ** Perjury | ||
| + | ** Malfeasance in office | ||
* Inchoate offenses | * Inchoate offenses | ||
| + | ** Accessory | ||
| + | ** Attempt | ||
| + | ** Conspiracy | ||
| + | ** Incitement | ||
| + | ** Solicitation | ||
| + | ** Common purpose | ||
| + | ==After a crime is committed== | ||
The action that is considered as a crime is usually followed by | The action that is considered as a crime is usually followed by | ||
* an accusation against the perceived perpetrator | * an accusation against the perceived perpetrator | ||
Revision as of 18:59, 15 August 2008
Crime refers to an action or the perpetration of actions which are detrimental to the rights of either a single individual or a society.
Classes
- Infraction
- Misdemeanor
- Felony
- Summary
- Indictable
- Hybrid
Types
Several types of crime exist according to the jurisdiction and time in which such actions which are classified as crime are committed:
- Crime against the person
- Assault
- Battery
- Extortion
- Harassment
- Kidnapping
- Identity theft
- Manslaughter (and corporate manslaughter)
- Murder
- Rape
- Robbery
- Crime against property
- Arson
- Blackmail
- Burglary
- Deception
- Embezzlement
- False pretenses
- Fraud
- Handling
- Larceny
- Theft
- Vandalism
- Crime against the public order
- Drug possession
- Crime against the state
- Tax evasion
- Espionage
- Treason
- Crime against humanity and international law
- crimes against peace
- waging a war of aggression
- crimes of apartheid
- piracy
- genocide
- war crimes
- the slave trade
- Crime against justice and judicial institutions
- Bribery
- Misprision of felony
- Obstruction
- Perjury
- Malfeasance in office
- Inchoate offenses
- Accessory
- Attempt
- Conspiracy
- Incitement
- Solicitation
- Common purpose
After a crime is committed
The action that is considered as a crime is usually followed by
- an accusation against the perceived perpetrator
- arrest and incarceration of the alleged perpetrator until the bail can be paid or until a formal indictment
- investigation in the jurisdiction of the crime (which, if the alleged perpetrator is determined by the investigation, results in the next step)
- a formal charge and accusation of crime lodged by the investigatory agency (based on the findings of the investigation) to the judicial officers
- an indictment of the alleged perpetrator by the court
- the appointment of both a defense lawyer by or for the accused and a Prosecutor for either the state or the plaintiff
- a trial by jury, where the lawyers represent their respective sides and question their witnesses, accused and investigators on the stand.
- deliberation and voting by the jury in private.
- a verdict announced to the court by an appointed announcer-member of the jury
- if innocent, the release of the accused by the judge and the adjourning of the trial. if guilty, the eventual announcement of a selected and determined sentence of the accused.
- if guilty, the eventual beginning of incarceration of the accused in a prison or rehabilitation facility, with or without parole (in several jurisdictions for certain crimes that are considered especially heinous, the eventual serving of a capital punishment upon the accused if all appeals have been exhausted).
- Appeals by the defense to the court for either re-opening the case for further review (in the hope of a sooner release) or for reduction of the sentence's severity in return for a plea bargain.
- If not a capital punishment or lifelong sentence, Parole and probation for a number of years following release until the accused is determined as having been fully rehabilitated and reformed for societal living and respect of the rights of others.
