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March 1
March 1' is the 1st day in March.
Events[edit]
1360 — England: King Edward III of England pays 16 pounds ($3,840) to ransom skilled soldier Geoffrey Chaucer from French captivity during the siege of Rheims. [1]
1790 — United States of America: First census count includes slave & free Negroes. Indians are not included.
1798 — United States of America: First strike of 1798, by those nasty ink-for-blood printers.
1837 — Author William Dean Howells is born in Martin's Ferry, Ohio. [2]
1842 — Spain: FermÃn Salvochea y Ãlvarez lives (1842-1907); author, teacher, insurrectionist, briefly mayor of Cadiz with the proclamation of the 1st Republic; among other measures, he implemented an 8-hour work day before he was forced to flee the country.
1847 — United States of America: Michigan becomes first state to abolish the death penalty.
1848 — Germany: During this month Michael Bakunin, the Russian anarchist, leaves Paris, travels to Frankfurt, Mainz, Mannheim, Heidelberg. He tries unsuccessfully to reach Poland. He goes to Berlin, Leipzig & Breslau. He meets Karl Marx & Fredrich Engels in Cologne & a split begins over Marxʼs denunciation of Bakuninʼs friend Herwegh, who had led an ill-fated expedition of German exiles to Baden in the hope of instigating an uprising. http://www.iisg.nl/news/bakunincd.php
1872 — United States of America: Yellowstone becomes worldʼs first national park. [3]
1875 — United States of America: U.S. Congress, gives African Americans the right to serve on juries & occupy public places. In the wake of the Civil War, black men are briefly able to vote & hold elected office.
1877 — Milly Witkop Rocker (1877—1955) lives, Ukraine.
1880 — Lytton Strachey lives, London.
1884 — Scotland: Black Rain falls in the Clyde Valley. … A correspondent to Knowledge, 5-190, writes of a black rain that fell in the Clyde Valley, March 1, 1884: of another black rain that fell two days later. According to the correspondent, a black rain had fallen in the Clyde Valley, March 20, 1828: then again March 22, 1828. [4] [5]
1885 — Italy: During this month, Repressione statale delle agitazioni dei contadini nel mantovano e dei dirigenti del movimento 'La boje.' Vengono arrestate 168 persone e 22 vengono deferite all'autorità giudiziaria con l'accusa di attentato alla sicurezza dello stato. [Source: Crimini e Misfatti]
1890 — Australia: "The Worker," the first Australian labor newspaper, is published in Brisbane.
1896 — Italy: On the island of Tremiti where residents are confined, confrontations take place with the police, who kill the anarchist Argante Salucci & wound 10 of his companions.
1898 — Masthead, premier issue [6]
1899 — United States of America: During this month Emma Goldmanʼs lectures in Detroit include "The Power of the Idea" & "A Criticism of Ethics." Invited by the Ohio Liberal Society to lecture on trade unionism, Emma addresses three meetings in Cincinnati. From Cincinnati, Goldman travels to St. Louis where she delivers 10 lectures, including one before the conservative Bricklayers' Union. Near by, Emma speaks before two large gatherings in the mining town of Mount Olive. Her lecture on "The Eight-Hour Struggle & the Condition of the Miners of the Whole World" is especially well received. Emma is also offered financial support for her future medical studies by Herman Miller, a friend of Robert Reitzel & president of the Cleveland Brewing Company.
1900 — Bulgaria: Nikolas Tchorbadieff lives (1900—1994).
1906 — Leader of the modern regional novelists, Jose MarÃa de Pereda, dies in Santander, Spain. [7]
1906 — United States of America: Emma Goldman publishes the first issue of her anarchist paper, Mother Earth. [8] [9] [10] [11]
1907 — United States of America: Industrial Workers of the World strike Portland, Oregon sawmills. [12]
1910 — United States of America: Three passenger trains buried at Stevenʼs Pass in Cascade Range 118 die. Worst snowslide in US history.
1911 — Francisco Ponzán Vidal (the "Anarchist Pimpernel") lives (1911—1944). Spanish anarcho-syndicalist, anti-fascist guérillero, anti-Francoist & resistance fighter.
1912 — England: Increasing industrial unrest reaches a peak today when miners go on strike to further their demand for a national minimum wage. This is the biggest strike Britain has ever seen to date; according to the Board of Trade over a million workers were involved. The Syndicalist movement was extremely active at this time urging the workers to cease relying upon Parliament, & advocating militant trade unionism & 'Direct Action.' The miners' strike was providing unwelcome instruction in working-class solidarity. Tom Mann, a seasoned militant & leader of the Syndicalist Movement, drew the attention of public meetings in Manchester to the fact that the authorities were having premises prepared as temporary barracks & were concentrating military forces a few miles out of the city. He & others in the Syndicalist Trials of 1912, were subjected to the first use of the Incitement to Mutiny Act since 1804. [13]
1914 — Ralph Ellison lives, Oklahoma City, Okla.
1917 — Robert Lowell, American poet, World War II conscientious objector, lives, Boston, Massachusetts.
1917 — United States of America: During this month Tom Mooneyʼs defense attorney W. Bourke Cockran speaks at mass meeting at Carnegie Hall organized by Emma Goldman & Alexander Berkman.
1918 — Italy: Marie Louise Berneri (1918—1949) lives, Arezzo. The elder daughter of Camillo & Giovanna Berneri. Best known as editor of "Freedom," author of Neither East Nor West and Journey Through Utopia. Married to Vernon Richards, she died in 1949 during childbirth, age 31.
1918 — United States of America: Emma Goldman receives a visit from Prince Hopkins, who reports on the activities of the League for the Amnesty of Political Prisoners.
1919 — United States of America: Man Ray, artist & photographer, publishes the only issue of "TNT," an anarchist magazine, this month. He illustrated for a number of anarchist publications, including Emma Goldmanʼs "Mother Earth." [14] [15] [16]
1920 — American poet Howard Nemerov lives.
1920 — United States of America: This month Radio station WGI in Boston initiates first known regularly scheduled radio broadcasts, eight months before the traditionally accepted "first" of regularly scheduled broadcasts claimed by KDKA in Pittsburgh. Before it became defunct in 1925, WGI billed itself as the station "where broadcasting began."
1921 — Russia: 15,000 mutiny at Kronstadt against Marxist tyranny. From March 1-17, the old Bolshevik stronghold of Kronstadt rises demanding free election to the Soviets — but is slandered & brutally suppressed upon the orders of Lenin & Trotsky. Today the Kronstadt naval base on Kotlin Island, some 25 miles off-shore from Petrograd, adopts a 15-point program of political & economic demands — a program in open defiance of the Bolshevik Partyʼs control of the Soviet state. "Almost immediately the Bolsheviks denounced the uprising as a "White Guard plot," ostensibly another in the series of counterrevolutionary conspiracies that had beleaguered the Soviet regime during the three preceding years of civil war. Less than three weeks later, on March 17, Kronstadt was subdued in a bloody assault by select Red Army units. The Kronstadt uprising, to all appearances, had been little more than a passing episode in the bitter history of the civil war. We can now say, however, that the Kronstadt uprising marked the end of the Russian Revolution itself." — Murray Bookchin (from his introduction to Ida Mettʼs The Kronstadt Uprising) [17]
1932 — United States of America: Charles A. Lindbergh, Jr., kidnapped; he was found dead on May 12.
1932 — United States of America: Librado Rivera (1864—1932) dies from complications following a car accident.
1933 — United States of America: An Anarchist Looks At Life: Speech Before The Foyleʼs 29th Literary Luncheon. When I was 15 I suffered from unrequited love, & I wanted to commit suicide in a romantic way by drinking a lot of vinegar. I thought that would make me look ethereal & interesting, very pale & poetic when in my grave, but at sixteen I decided on a more exalted death. I wanted to dance myself to death. — Emma Goldman, March 1, 1933
1938 — Fascist aesthete Gabrielle d'Annunzio dies.
1938 — England: During this month Emma Goldman determines to go to [[Canada]] in the fall regardless of the chances of getting a US visa, convinced that she could do more good for Spain there than in England. Emma writes the preface for a collection of writings by Camillo Berneri, the exiled Italian anarchist intellectual kidnapped & murdered by the Communists in Barcelona during the 1937 "May events," which Italian comrades are publishing in his memory.
1949 — Denmark: "Cobra #1," issued in Copenhagen. Editors: Christian Dotremont & Asger Jorn.
1950 — General semanticist Alfred Korzbski dies…so to speak.
1951 — Spain: Public transport boycott, prelude to the first strike wave under Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader fascist Franco.
1954 — United States of America: Five U.S. Congressmen shot on the floor of the House by four Puerto Rican Nationalists who fire at random from the spectatorʼs gallery.
1954 — United States of America: Ted Williams fractures his collarbone in first game of spring training after flying 39 combat missions without injury in Korean War. [18] [19]
1954 — First H-bomb tested on Bikini Atoll. Over 7,000 square miles are contaminated as well as many local residents & Japanese fishermen. Inspires the Lucky Dragon series by the artist Ben Shahn: [20] [21]
1962 — United States of America: 28-day strike by Local 100 called when Fifth Ave. Coach fired 29 employees & threatened layoff of 1,500 others.
1963 — Italy: Viene censurato l'episodio "La ricotta" di Pier Paolo Pasolini, facente parte del film "Rogopag." Nel successivo processo per vilipendio alla religione il regista sarà condannato a 4 mesi con la condizionale. [Source: Crimini e Misfatti]
1966 — England: In Liverpool, over 100 youths barricade themselves inside the recently closed Cavern Club, where the Beatles began. They are upset about the club closing due to bankruptcy & at the same time keep the police out of the club.
1967 — United States of America: Black Congressman Adam Clayton Powell is stripped of his House seat for "gross misconduct." Ralph Bunch later commented: "…if Adam Clayton Powell were white, he would have his seat today." (Re-elected without campaigning, April 11.)
1968 — United States of America: Chicana Welfare Rights Organization is formed, with Alicia Escalante as director.
1968 — March 1 movement. The Year of the Barricades The revolution which is beginning will call in question not only capitalist society but industrial society. The consumer society is bound for a violent death. Social alienation must vanish from history. We are inventing a new & original world. Imagination is seizing power. (Poster attached to the main entrance at the Sorbonne, May 13, 1968) [22]
1968 — Italy: In Rome — a city controlled by the revisionist Italian Communist Party — police unleashed a severe attack on students gathered on the long, steep Spanish Steps in the center of the capital for a march to demand university reform. 200 students were injured., & students respond to the police violence with their own. Burning police vehicles paralyzed the city as students fought their way through. Two weeks later, intense fighting once again threw the city into chaos as students who had seized Rome University clashed with police blocking their way to the American Embassy. Over half a million students at 26 universities were on strike. The occupation of the university at Trento was followed at Turin.
1968 — Italy: La giustizia di stato condanna Eugenio Scalfari, direttore dell'Espresso, e Lino Jannuzzi, giornalista, autore degli articoli sul piano di colpo di stato del generale De Lorenzo. [Source: Crimini e Misfatti]
1970 — United States of America: February 27–March 1, Women's Liberation Conference at Yale; includes Kate Millet, separatist Naomi Weisstein, & the Sappho Collective (with Rita Mae Brown). "Operation Hassle": Women harass men on Yale campus. [23] [24]
1971 — United States of America: Weather Underground bombs US Capital building menʼs room, Washington, DC, "in retaliation for the Laos decision."
1971 — At Miami's Dinner Key Auditorium, Jim Morrison of the Doors is arrested for allegedly exposing his penis during the show. Morrison is officially charged with lewd & lascivious behavior, indecent behavior, open profanity & public drunkenness. [25]
1973 — The New York Joffrey Ballet gives its first performance of its "Deuce Coupe Ballet," set entirely to Beach Boys music. [26]
1977 — Sara Lowndes Dylan files for divorce from her husband of eleven years, Bob Dylan. She gets custody of their 5 kids & their million-dollar home. Sara was the subject of such songs as "Sad-Eyed Lady of the Lowlands," "Lay Lady Lay" & "Sara." [27]
1985 — United States of America: Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader Acting President President Ronnie Reagan says Nicaraguan contra murderers, torturers, rapists & bandits are "the moral equivalent of our Founding Fathers."
1986 — United States of America: Start of Great Peace March for global nuclear disarmament, Los Angeles.
1990 — US Secret Service raids Steve Jackson Games.
1991 — Yugoslavia: Women for Peace protest against militarism, Belgrade & Ljubljana.
1997 — Germany: 15,000 demonstrate in Lunesburg against shipment of French nuclear waste to site in Gorleben. Over the next several days hundreds of thousands participate in demonstrations & direct actions along the shipping route.
2003 — Turkey: The Turkish parliament rejects a US bribe of 30 billion dollars in grants & loans in exchange for allowing American troops to use the country as a base for the invasion of Iraq directed by the rightwing cabal in the White House. [28]
2004 — United States of America: Sidney Solomon, a long-time anarchist & painter who lived in New York, dies, age of 92.
2006 — France: Joëlle Aubron (1959—2006) dies of cancer in Paris. Anarchist member of the group Action Directe. Action Directe went after symbols of capitalist exploitation (corporations, police, Ministries of Labour, Defense, etc). These included the killing of Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader General Audran (responsible for the sales of French weapons). "Si, en plus de nos condamnations à perpétuité, j'avais regretté mon engagement, je serais morte de désespoir." [29] [30] [31] [32]
