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Difference between revisions of "Republic of Estonia (1990-1991)"
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| − | + | {{Infobox Former Country | |
| + | |native_name = Eesti Vabariik | ||
| + | |conventional_long_name = Republic of Estonia | ||
| + | |common_name = Estonia | ||
| + | |continent = Europe | ||
| + | |region = Nordic countries | ||
| + | |status = Unrecognized state | ||
| + | |year_start = 1990 | ||
| + | |year_end = 1991 | ||
| + | |date_start = May 8 | ||
| + | |date_end = August 20 | ||
| + | |event_start = Restoration | ||
| + | |event_end = Regained sovereignty | ||
| + | |event_pre = Declaration of independence | ||
| + | |date_pre = [[November 16]], [[1988]] | ||
| + | |p1 = Estonian SSR (independent) | ||
| + | |flag_p1= Flag of Estonian SSR.svg | ||
| + | |s1 = Estonia | ||
| + | |flag_s1= Flag of Estonia.svg | ||
| + | |image_flag = Flag of Estonia.svg | ||
| + | |image_coat = Coat of arms of Estonia.svg | ||
| + | |image_map = LocationEstonia.png | ||
| + | |image_map_caption = Republic of Estonia | ||
| + | |religion= | ||
| + | |capital = Tallinn | ||
| + | |government_type = Republic | ||
| + | |legislature = Supreme Soviet | ||
| + | |title_leader= Chairman of the Presidium ¹ | ||
| + | |leader1 = Arnold Rüütel | ||
| + | |title_deputy = ''[[Premier]]'' ² | ||
| + | |deputy1 = Edgar Savisaar | ||
| + | |common_languages= [[Estonian language|Estonian]], [[Russian language|Russian]] | ||
| + | |currency = Soviet ruble | ||
| + | |footnotes=¹ Chairman of the [[Presidium]] of the [[Supreme Soviet]] of the Estonian SSR (Eesti NSV Ülemnõukogu Presiidiumi esimees) <br>² Chairman of the [[Council of Ministers]] of the Estonian SSR (Eesti NSV Ministrite Nõukogu esimees) | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | |||
| + | The '''Republic of Estonia''', short: '''Estonia''' (in [[Estonian language|Estonian]]: ''Eesti Vabariik'', short: ''Eesti'') was a short-lived country located on the present territory of [[Estonia]], [[1990]] - [[1991]]. The Republic of Estonia had land borders to the south with [[Latvian SSR]] (339 km) and [[Soviet Union]] (229 [[kilometer|km]]) to the east. | ||
| + | |||
| + | On [[March 3]], [[1990]], a [[referendum]] was held on the question of Estonia’s [[independence]]. 82.9 [[%]] of all the eligible voters took part, 77.8 of whom voted for independent Estonia (almost all [[Estonians]] and about 30 % of non-Estonians). | ||
| + | |||
| + | The leadership of the '[[Estonian SSR (independent)]]' renamed the state The 'Republic of Estonia' again on [[May 8]], [[1990]]. On May 8 the Supreme Council passed the law on Estonian national symbols; Estonian SSR became the Republic of Estonia; blue-black-white were taken as state colours and the 1937 Constitution’s [[paragraph]]s 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 were implemented. The first of them stated that ‘Estonia is an independent and [[sovereign]] [[republic]] where the highest power belongs to [[people]].’ Soon the previous independence period’s flag and coat of arms were made lawful. [[Moscow]]’s proposal of a special status in the Soviet Union on the basis of a confederation pact, was rejected. A decision by the Estonian Supreme Council of [[May 16]], 1990, established that the [[judicial system]] of the Republic of Estonia was to be founded on the will of the Estonian people and universally recognised norms of international law. Estonia gradually moved away from the Soviet Union: the [[legislative]], [[executive]] and [[court]] power were separated from the corresponding Soviet institutions, the leading role of the [[Communist Party of Estland]] was abolished and a [[pluralist]] [[political system]] was established. On the way to full independence, the victims of Soviet [[persecution]] were rehabilitated, and the Estonian [[economic]] [[border]] was fixed. With the [[privatisation]] of small [[enterprise]]s and [[restoration]] of [[farm]]s, the country started its [[path]] towards a [[market economy]]. During the days of the August [[1991]] [[coup]] attempt the Estonian Supreme Council confirmed once more the [[national sovereignty]] of the [[Republic of Estonia]] and requested that [[diplomatic]] relations be restored on the basis of [[Legal continuity of the Baltic states|continuity]]. {{Fact|date=May 2007}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == See also == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[Estland]] | ||
| + | * [[Estonia]] | ||
| + | * [[Estonian SSR]] | ||
| + | * [[Estonian SSR (independent)]] | ||
| + | * [[History of Estonia]] | ||
| + | * [[Demographics of Estonia]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | == References == | ||
| + | * [http://www.estonica.org/eng/lugu.html?menyy_id=1142&kateg=43&alam=80&leht=6 The state order of Estonia in its historical development] | ||
| + | |||
| + | == External links == | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Estonia.html Estonia] | ||
| + | *[http://www.terra.es/personal2/monolith/estonia.htm Leaders of Estonia] | ||
| + | *[http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5377.htm Background Note: Estonia] | ||
| + | *[http://www.president.ee/en/estonia/heads.php?gid=81552 The Republic of Estonia] | ||
| + | *[http://www.answers.com/topic/estonia Estonia] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Former countries in Europe|Estonia, Republic of]] | ||
| + | [[Category:History of Estonia|Estonia, Republic of]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Short-lived states|Estonia, Republic of]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Soviet Republics]] | ||
Revision as of 11:00, 20 November 2008
The Republic of Estonia, short: Estonia (in Estonian: Eesti Vabariik, short: Eesti) was a short-lived country located on the present territory of Estonia, 1990 - 1991. The Republic of Estonia had land borders to the south with Latvian SSR (339 km) and Soviet Union (229 km) to the east.
On March 3, 1990, a referendum was held on the question of Estonia’s independence. 82.9 % of all the eligible voters took part, 77.8 of whom voted for independent Estonia (almost all Estonians and about 30 % of non-Estonians).
The leadership of the 'Estonian SSR (independent)' renamed the state The 'Republic of Estonia' again on May 8, 1990. On May 8 the Supreme Council passed the law on Estonian national symbols; Estonian SSR became the Republic of Estonia; blue-black-white were taken as state colours and the 1937 Constitution’s paragraphs 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 were implemented. The first of them stated that ‘Estonia is an independent and sovereign republic where the highest power belongs to people.’ Soon the previous independence period’s flag and coat of arms were made lawful. Moscow’s proposal of a special status in the Soviet Union on the basis of a confederation pact, was rejected. A decision by the Estonian Supreme Council of May 16, 1990, established that the judicial system of the Republic of Estonia was to be founded on the will of the Estonian people and universally recognised norms of international law. Estonia gradually moved away from the Soviet Union: the legislative, executive and court power were separated from the corresponding Soviet institutions, the leading role of the Communist Party of Estland was abolished and a pluralist political system was established. On the way to full independence, the victims of Soviet persecution were rehabilitated, and the Estonian economic border was fixed. With the privatisation of small enterprises and restoration of farms, the country started its path towards a market economy. During the days of the August 1991 coup attempt the Estonian Supreme Council confirmed once more the national sovereignty of the Republic of Estonia and requested that diplomatic relations be restored on the basis of continuity. [unverified]
