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October 17
October 17 is the 17th day of October.
Events[edit]
1760 -- Henri Saint Simon, French utopian theorist, lives.
1866 -- France: Edmond Marpaux lives. Member of the "Ligue des Antipatriotes". Convicted to life in prison for killing a policeman despite his denials of doing it. Marpaux was killed during a prison uprising.
1883 -- Anti-authoritarian educator A.S. Neill lives. Establishes his school, Summerhill, with Lyme Regis, in England. Proponent of children sharing in running schools, Neill told of this anarchist experiment in numerous books.
1888 -- France: French anarchist Maurice Halle lives.
1889 -- Chernyshevsky, Russian radical critic, dies. He helped lay the basis for revolutionary populism. Wrote What is to be Done?, a political novel that influenced two generations of Russian intelligentsia, including many anarchists such as Emma Goldman. It served as the manifesto of the 19th Century Russian Nihilists.
1892 -- David Edelstadt (1866-1892), American Yiddish anarchist & poet, dies.
1908 -- US: Emma Goldman begins national lecture tour while the country is immersed in presidential campaigning; hopes to wind up her tour on the West Coast & depart for Australia in the new year.
1909 -- US: Emma Goldman is the chief speaker at a NY City mass meeting called to protest the October 13 execution of Francisco Ferrer, founder of the Modern School movement in Spain. On the 23rd Emma also marches in a parade of 600 anarchists & socialists in New York City to protest Ferrer's execution. She is still, during this period, engaged in a free-speech battle in Philadelphia where police refused to let her speak in September.
1920 -- John Reed, US radical journalist, dies in Moscow at age 32. Chronicled Mexican & Soviet revolutions. Wrote Ten Days That Shook the World.
1920 -- Italy: The Unione Anarchica offices at Bologna are raided. Errico Malatesta, anarchist militant/writer, is arrested (along with 80 others), held responsible, along with Armando Borghi & Corrado Quaglino, the local editor of "Umanita Nova," & Virgilia d'Andrea, for the worker occupations of the factories in Milan during the summer & especially September.
- http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/BorghiArmando.htm
- http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/MalatestaErrico.htm
1936 -- Spain: In Perdiguera (Aragon), the International Group of the Durruti Column, composed of 250 anarchists, engage in a battle against the fascists.
1939 -- Warren Billings, labor activist, released from Folsom Prison.
1943 -- France: André Respaut arrested & tortured before being sent to Buchenwald, where he was known for his courage & generosity — saving several deportees from death.
1949 -- Spain: Six antifascist guerillas, militants of the CNT, including José Sabater Llopart, are trapped & killed in Barcelona.
1954 -- Composer/anarchist John Cage's "34' 46.776" premiers, Donaueschingen.
1957 -- French-Algerian author Albert Camus awarded Nobel Prize for literature. Camus wrote for many years for the anarchist & left wing press in France.
1960 -- Thierry Maricourt lives. Poet, novelist, anarchist, with numerous reference works to his credit.
1966 -- Anarchist collective, "The Diggers," holds its first free street feed in Frisco.
2005 -- Ba Jin (aka Pa Chin [pseud. of Li Feigan]) dies. Chinese novelist, discovered anarchism with the reading of Peter Kropotkin & Emma Goldman & created his pseudonym Ba (from Bakunin ) & Jin (from Kropotkin). Cruelly persecuted by the Chinese communists, a contender for the 2001 Nobel Prize. In 1966 he was again in disgrace, his writings condemned as seditious & he branded,
