altruistic economics

the swan reality tv linked with ipod video battery rant work west park village reference encyclopedias she sends 2 block writer angeles los satellite system wow gold server 07 2006 abc fall schedule new operating systems valley of fire weddings las vegas wood pistol case writ of execution ca internet explorer pictures blurry personal hygiene when handling food swing when your winning works cited paper massachusetts school construction road tax refund tony gonzalez bio nes game guides this is a journey into sound sample interesting chemistry work recruitment agency american doctors association predator movie masks smithsonian museum catalogue off road chevy truck photo sebring sedan waterloo mall street truck pics industrial mixing valve minneapolis minnesota attorney port of hope idaho austria salzburg maryland divorce attorney ac drive theory pokemon diamond and pearl ds xp fix a r e truck cap we raw com superbowl wins history ilhas marianas printable writing activity southwest indian foundation catalog windows explorer crashes on startup swiss international airlines ltd volcano eruptions in the last 10 years low voltage detector search aol members profiles ups store columbus ohio under monitor power center nova graphic second mortgage forms kid programming omega watch photo stand their ground wba champions 12 amendment of the constitution search engine marketing boston advanced technology manufacturing inc oregon labor law posters wank clip smoking facts and statistics very long nipples free galleries ncaa basketball recruiting autograph collectibles lan arena las vegas hotel and tour side by side fridge new york times bestseller list archive min width css reformat hard drive instructions xp alzheimer drug list of us congressman lake nc seven mountain bikes for sale online asian online wedding zoom browser 5 audio recorder pro v3 0 miami beach photographers london student apartments pocket driver proxy software freeware que es el marco teorico mental disabilities in children a net passport tours of the grand canyon from las vegas social butterfly erotic history photograph microsoft anti virus free downloads painted post newspaper amp linux win promotional staff uk jack black school of rock pictures ibm developers network random football facts spy gadget uk online banner generators activity art educational free lesson plan log likelihood test adventure playgrounds designer thank you very much for your attention authorial small fish image mark protection trade young design inc spider man games for free line listing poker room pressure switch square d real estate exclusive agency master canada italian online translater umax scanners mark dunning angeles los satellite system marcie thomas 446th airlift wing line dance caller meal break law lakeshore and michigan planet soul shoes 45 go man meet older years south shore day care services 2b ment sam harris star search on a day like today chords planet of lust signal processing distance learning the last rock show microsoft access calendar control new york times bestseller list archive legs in nylon stockings local and long distance quantum technologies inc. earthquake warning center if whether grammar adidas soccer t shirts style trends spring 2005 sumitomo industry ocean scenes wallpaper mozilla firefox mac os x download who won come dine with me wi fi planet lowell private schools ejaculation free premature john hennessey national labour market statistics super mario brothers theme music mp3 pacific specialty ins postes et telecommunications 12 amendment of the constitution summer work abroad europe slider cellular phone mexico people pictures los angeles department of water and power credit union window media center 2005 serial team talk mag santa marguerita spirit masters microsoft office professional 2003 full w3schools online web tutorials mercury the liquid metal ag chemical prices inner class example tip for the glowing face in malawi poverty merrick company isos interest inventories for children print lady of the lake network printing linux teaching older adult kitchens inc. private school san angelo jacques virg escort japanese service joe lavine weather in las vegas in october principal mutual life insurance co. motorolas mpx work product doctrine alaska tribes lubricants masturbation physical therapy degree ohio pic teen xxx longitudinal and transverse waves autocad training centers animator easy gif eco friendly home building power washing supplies rome new york map valence electrons in transition metals allen telecom inc stone cold steve austin video nj college closings milf hunter christina pat oscars restaurants

Echo of Freedom, Radical Podcast has a podcast related to this aticle Property, the anarchist perspective

EoF

Echo of Freedom, Radical Podcast has a podcast related to this aticle Gift economy, as a path to anarchic society

EoF

Altruistic Economics is a branch of economics set out by Robin Upton in 2004 in a presentation to the autonomous European Social Forum at the London School of Economics.

Altruism - defenitions - 1. Loving others as oneself. 2. Behaviour that promotes the survival chances of others at a cost to ones own. 3. Self-sacrifice for the benefit of others [Italian: altrui others] French philosopher Auguste Comte coined the word altruisme (with meaning 3) in 1851, and two years later it entered the English language as altruism. Many considered his ethical system - in which the only moral acts were those intended to promote the happiness of others - rather extreme, so meaning 1 evolved. Now universal in evolutionary theory, meaning 2 was coined by scientists exploring how unselfish behaviour could have evolved. It is applied not only to people (psychological altruism), but also to animals and even plants.

Altruistic Economics

By allowing mathematical expression of altruism, Altuistic Economics generalises the standard neoclassical model, which is founded on the homo economicus economic model of man. Like the neoclassical model, Altruistic Economics assumes people are maximisers, but it breaks the assumption that their welfare is independent of others. It also abandons the assumption that everyone is identical. Individual human relationships are modeled, so that everyone can specify how they feel about anyone else. Sympathy for someone is defined as a willingness to forego benefit so that another person may benefit instead. The altruistic model allows people to explicitly declare sympathy for their friends so that other users can be aware of their feelings, and doing so is actually benefiical to the user. Another key feature of altruistic economics is that transactions can be independently evaluated by the parties involved.

Altruistic economics is under active development, but no working system has yet been produced, due to the complexity of implementing a Friend-to-friend computer infrastructure of personal servers to do the calculations. It therefore remains to be seen whether the aggregate effect of everyone maximising for themselves and their friends will produce an increase in group well being, similar to the aims of the Bhutanese notion of Gross National Happiness. If it does, then Altruistic Economics may form a good basis for an Internet gift economy.

The zero-sum constraint of ordinary money.

Zero sum Economy

The most effective counter to the spread of altruism is the modern money system, since it is responsible for an unnatural transactional mentality. The inherent conflict in conventional money establishes zero-sum competitive relationships between people and organizations and hence those who help others necessarily disadvantage themselves. Such a system places an over emphasis on self, which works against the 'greater good' of society, fuelling consumerism and accompanying depression.

Wikipedia is a prominent example of a working gift economy, so it would probably be better described by an Altruistic Economic model than a classical (selfish) one. A Game in Game Theory is defined as any situation where the outcome depends on your strategy and those of other players. In a zero sum game the sum of the winings and loosings equal zero. Wikipedia however is a non zero-sum game because people can derive benefit from it without others matching a loss. Overall, Wikipedia is a win-win phenomenon. As such, it violates one of the most well known dictums of Neo Classical Economics, the psuedo-theory that "there is no such thing as a free lunch".

Altruistic Economic evaluation of a win-win outcome.

The study of Game Theory is based around finding ideal equilibrium conditions or the Nash Equilibrium of strategies. New reasearch in Game Theory such as the ultimatum game is showing the inaccuracy of the homo economous model of human interaction, sparking greater interest in alternatives, such as those advanced by Altruistic Economists.

Zero-sum evaluation

Market proponents such as Milton Friedman argue that in trade there is never coercion by stating “if an exchange between two parties is voluntary, it will not take place unless both parties benefit from it” . Upton argues that, this being the case, any system which models transactions as if they were zero-sum in inevitably inaccurate. He points out that in "traditional" economics, every transaction increases one person's wealth and decreases another's and claims that to treat market interactions as if they were a zero sum game results in friction at the price negotiation stage[1].

See also

• Altruism
• Post-autistic economics
• Behavioral economics
• Heterodox economics

External links

• Altruistic Economics homepage
• Adding simple and effective trust measurements to F2F P2P networks is a paper about using a Time-based currency for trust in F2F.

This article contains content from Wikipedia. Current versions of the GNU FDL article altruistic economics on WP may contain information useful to the improvement of this article

WP