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Difference between revisions of "Police ranks of the USA"
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| − | The United States police rank model is generally [[paramilitary]] in structure. | + | The United States police rank model is generally [[Wikipedia:paramilitary]] in structure. |
==Ranks== | ==Ranks== | ||
Although the large and varied number of federal, state, and local police and sheriff's departments have different ranks, a general model, from highest to lowest rank, would be: | Although the large and varied number of federal, state, and local police and sheriff's departments have different ranks, a general model, from highest to lowest rank, would be: | ||
| − | *[[Chief of police]]/[[police commissioner]]/[[Superintendent (police)|superintendent]]/[[sheriff]]: The title ''police commissioner'' is used mainly by large metropolitan departments, while ''chief of police'' is associated with small and medium-sized municipalities; both are typically appointed by a [[mayor]] or selected by the [[City council|city council or commission]]. In some cities, "commissioner" is the civilian official or member of the board of officials in charge of the department, while a "chief" is the top uniformed officer answering to the commissioner or commission. In very large departments, such as the [[New York City Police Department]], there may be several deputy and assistant commissioners, all civilian, some of whom outrank the chief of department and others on par with the uniformed chief. There may be a chief of operations who is second in command to the top-ranking chief. In contrast, [[sheriffs in the United States]] are usually elected officials, one in each [[County (United States)|county]], who head the ''sheriff's department'' (or ''sheriff's office''). | + | *[[Wikipedia:Chief of police]]/[[Wikipedia:police commissioner]]/[[Wikipedia:Superintendent (police)|superintendent]]/[[Wikipedia:sheriff]]: The title ''police commissioner'' is used mainly by large metropolitan departments, while ''chief of police'' is associated with small and medium-sized municipalities; both are typically appointed by a [[Wikipedia:mayor]] or selected by the [[Wikipedia:City council|city council or commission]]. In some cities, "commissioner" is the civilian official or member of the board of officials in charge of the department, while a "chief" is the top uniformed officer answering to the commissioner or commission. In very large departments, such as the [[Wikipedia:New York City Police Department]], there may be several deputy and assistant commissioners, all civilian, some of whom outrank the chief of department and others on par with the uniformed chief. There may be a chief of operations who is second in command to the top-ranking chief. In contrast, [[Wikipedia:sheriffs in the United States]] are usually elected officials, one in each [[Wikipedia:County (United States)|county]], who head the ''sheriff's department'' (or ''sheriff's office''). |
*Assistant Chief/Assistant Commissioner/Assistant Superintendent/Assistant Sheriff: Only seen in some departments. In New York City, assistant chiefs head borough commands bureaus. | *Assistant Chief/Assistant Commissioner/Assistant Superintendent/Assistant Sheriff: Only seen in some departments. In New York City, assistant chiefs head borough commands bureaus. | ||
| − | *Deputy Chief/Deputy Commissioner/Deputy Superintendent/[[undersheriff]]: The top lieutenant to the chief of police, commissioner, superintendent, or sheriff; may or may not have a specific area of responsibility. In some places the undersheriff is the [[Corrections officer|warden]] of the [[county jail]]. The [[New York City Sheriff's Office]] has five undersheriffs: each one is responsible for a [[borough of New York City]], with the Sheriff of the City of New York overseeing all of them. | + | *Deputy Chief/Deputy Commissioner/Deputy Superintendent/[[Wikipedia:undersheriff]]: The top lieutenant to the chief of police, commissioner, superintendent, or sheriff; may or may not have a specific area of responsibility. In some places the undersheriff is the [[Wikipedia:Corrections officer|warden]] of the [[Wikipedia:county jail]]. The [[Wikipedia:New York City Sheriff's Office]] has five undersheriffs: each one is responsible for a [[Wikipedia:borough of New York City]], with the Sheriff of the City of New York overseeing all of them. |
| − | *[[Inspector]]/[[commander]]/[[colonel]]: Sometime have an insignia of a [[1 star rank|single star]], analogous to [[Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier generals]], but in other areas wear a gold or silver eagle, similar to a [[Colonel (United States)|colonel]]. "Inspector" is also used as a term for "detective" in the [[San Francisco Police Department]] and [[Chicago Police Department]] but is two ranks above captain in New York and in the [[Philadelphia Police Department]]. In New York, inspectors command divisions, which may be groups of precincts within a borough or specialized branches of the police service. The ''Colonel'' rank is extremely rare and is only used in the [[Baltimore Police Department]]. | + | *[[Wikipedia:Inspector]]/[[Wikipedia:commander]]/[[Wikipedia:colonel]]: Sometime have an insignia of a [[Wikipedia:1 star rank|single star]], analogous to [[Wikipedia:Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier generals]], but in other areas wear a gold or silver eagle, similar to a [[Wikipedia:Colonel (United States)|colonel]]. "Inspector" is also used as a term for "detective" in the [[Wikipedia:San Francisco Police Department]] and [[Wikipedia:Chicago Police Department]] but is two ranks above captain in New York and in the [[Wikipedia:Philadelphia Police Department]]. In New York, inspectors command divisions, which may be groups of precincts within a borough or specialized branches of the police service. The ''Colonel'' rank is extremely rare and is only used in the [[Wikipedia:Baltimore Police Department]]. |
| − | *[[Major]]/deputy inspector: Sometimes have an insignia of a gold or silver [[oak]] leaf, similar to a [[Major (United States)|major]] or [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|lieutenant colonel]]. In the [[Baltimore Police Department]], [[New Orleans Police Department]], and [[Atlanta Police Department]] majors supervise [[police station]]s. | + | *[[Wikipedia:Major]]/deputy inspector: Sometimes have an insignia of a gold or silver [[Wikipedia:oak]] leaf, similar to a [[Wikipedia:Major (United States)|major]] or [[Wikipedia:Lieutenant colonel (United States)|lieutenant colonel]]. In the [[Wikipedia:Baltimore Police Department]], [[Wikipedia:New Orleans Police Department]], and [[Wikipedia:Atlanta Police Department]] majors supervise [[Wikipedia:police station]]s. |
| − | *[[Police captain|Captain]]: Two gold or silver bars ("Railroad tracks"). Often supervises a [[police station]] but can supervise another division or unit (detectives, patrol, etc.) in smaller departments and only certain sections of a police station in larger departments. In NYC captains are the normal commanders of precincts. | + | *[[Wikipedia:Police captain|Captain]]: Two gold or silver bars ("Railroad tracks"). Often supervises a [[Wikipedia:police station]] but can supervise another division or unit (detectives, patrol, etc.) in smaller departments and only certain sections of a police station in larger departments. In NYC captains are the normal commanders of precincts. |
| − | * [[Lieutenant]]: A single gold or silver bar, who supervises two to three or more sergeants. Lieutenants can supervise an entire watch shift of a police station or detective squad ([[Narcotics]], [[Homicide]], etc.) in larger police departments and entire precincts in smaller police departments. | + | * [[Wikipedia:Lieutenant]]: A single gold or silver bar, who supervises two to three or more sergeants. Lieutenants can supervise an entire watch shift of a police station or detective squad ([[Wikipedia:Narcotics]], [[Wikipedia:Homicide]], etc.) in larger police departments and entire precincts in smaller police departments. |
| − | * [[Sergeant]]: Three inverted chevrons, a police officer who supervises an entire watch shift in smaller departments and areas of a precinct and individual detective squads in larger departments. | + | * [[Wikipedia:Sergeant]]: Three inverted chevrons, a police officer who supervises an entire watch shift in smaller departments and areas of a precinct and individual detective squads in larger departments. |
| − | * [[Detective]]/Inspector/Investigator: An investigatory specialist, usually working in [[plainclothes|plain clothes]]. This may be in several classes that correspond to higher supervisory and pay grades. In NYC, technically a designation: detectives do not exactly outrank police officers albeit they are in charge of cases and are often senior in years of service and so have a certain degree of authority beyond police officers in specific situations. | + | * [[Wikipedia:Detective]]/Inspector/Investigator: An investigatory specialist, usually working in [[Wikipedia:plainclothes|plain clothes]]. This may be in several classes that correspond to higher supervisory and pay grades. In NYC, technically a designation: detectives do not exactly outrank police officers albeit they are in charge of cases and are often senior in years of service and so have a certain degree of authority beyond police officers in specific situations. |
| − | * [[Police officer|Officer]]/Deputy/[[Police corporal|Corporal]]: A regular officer/deputy wears no rank insignia, and there may be several pay grades. | + | * [[Wikipedia:Police officer|Officer]]/Deputy/[[Wikipedia:Police corporal|Corporal]]: A regular officer/deputy wears no rank insignia, and there may be several pay grades. |
| − | In many departments, officers from Lieutenant up wear a white shirt instead of the blue or brown uniform shirt common to lower-ranked police officers. Senior police officers may wear fretting ("[[Scrambled egg (uniform)|scrambled eggs]]") on their visors. | + | In many departments, officers from Lieutenant up wear a white shirt instead of the blue or brown uniform shirt common to lower-ranked police officers. Senior police officers may wear fretting ("[[Wikipedia:Scrambled egg (uniform)|scrambled eggs]]") on their visors. |
Advancement from Officer to Captain is generally by appointment after successful completion of a series of examinations, and after the officer has sufficient time in grade. Grades above Captain are generally by appointment of the chief/sheriff. In addition, there must be vacancies for a higher rank. | Advancement from Officer to Captain is generally by appointment after successful completion of a series of examinations, and after the officer has sufficient time in grade. Grades above Captain are generally by appointment of the chief/sheriff. In addition, there must be vacancies for a higher rank. | ||
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==Variations== | ==Variations== | ||
=== Federal === | === Federal === | ||
| − | * [[United States Border Patrol#Ranks and insignia|United States Border Patrol]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:United States Border Patrol#Ranks and insignia|United States Border Patrol]] |
=== States === | === States === | ||
| − | * [[Louisiana State Police#Rank structure|Louisiana]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Louisiana State Police#Rank structure|Louisiana]] |
| − | * [[Maryland State Police#Rank structure|Maryland]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Maryland State Police#Rank structure|Maryland]] |
| − | * [[Pennsylvania State Police#Uniform and rank structure|Pennsylvania]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Pennsylvania State Police#Uniform and rank structure|Pennsylvania]] |
| − | * [[South Carolina Highway Patrol#Rank Structure|South Carolina]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:South Carolina Highway Patrol#Rank Structure|South Carolina]] |
| − | * [[Vermont State Police#Rank and structure of the Vermont State Police|Vermont]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Vermont State Police#Rank and structure of the Vermont State Police|Vermont]] |
| − | * [[Virginia State Police#Rank Structure|Virginia]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Virginia State Police#Rank Structure|Virginia]] |
=== Cities === | === Cities === | ||
| − | * [[Baltimore Police Department#Rank structure and insignia|Baltimore]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Baltimore Police Department#Rank structure and insignia|Baltimore]] |
| − | * [[Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department#Rank Structure|Charlotte]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department#Rank Structure|Charlotte]] |
| − | * [[Chicago Police Department#Ranks|Chicago]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Chicago Police Department#Ranks|Chicago]] |
| − | * [[Dallas Police Department#Rank structure|Dallas]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Dallas Police Department#Rank structure|Dallas]] |
| − | * [[Detroit_Police_Department#Rank_structure_and_insignia|Detroit]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Detroit_Police_Department#Rank_structure_and_insignia|Detroit]] |
| − | * [[Fort_Worth_Police_Department_(Texas)#Rank_Structure_and_Insignia|Fort Worth]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Fort_Worth_Police_Department_(Texas)#Rank_Structure_and_Insignia|Fort Worth]] |
| − | * [[Houston Police Department#Ranks|Houston]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Houston Police Department#Ranks|Houston]] |
| − | * [[Los Angeles Police Department#Rank structure and insignia|Los Angeles]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Los Angeles Police Department#Rank structure and insignia|Los Angeles]] |
| − | * [[Miami Police Department#Ranks and Insignia|Miami]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Miami Police Department#Ranks and Insignia|Miami]] |
| − | * [[New Orleans Police Department|New Orleans]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:New Orleans Police Department|New Orleans]] |
| − | * [[New York Police Department#Ranks of the NYPD|New York]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:New York Police Department#Ranks of the NYPD|New York]] |
| − | * [[Philadelphia Police Department#Ranks within the department|Philadelphia]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Philadelphia Police Department#Ranks within the department|Philadelphia]] |
| − | * [[Pittsburgh Police#Ranks of the Pittsburgh Police|Pittsburgh]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Pittsburgh Police#Ranks of the Pittsburgh Police|Pittsburgh]] |
| − | * [[Jacksonville Sheriff's Office#Rank structure of the Sheriff's Office|Jacksonville, Florida]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Jacksonville Sheriff's Office#Rank structure of the Sheriff's Office|Jacksonville, Florida]] |
| − | * [[Metropolitan Police Department#Ranks of the MPDC|Washington, DC]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Metropolitan Police Department#Ranks of the MPDC|Washington, DC]] |
=== Counties === | === Counties === | ||
| − | * [[Suffolk County, New York Police Department#Rank structure|Suffolk County Police, New York]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Suffolk County, New York Police Department#Rank structure|Suffolk County Police, New York]] |
| − | * [[Suffolk County, New York Sheriff's Office#Rank structure|Suffolk County Sheriff, New York]] | + | * [[Wikipedia:Suffolk County, New York Sheriff's Office#Rank structure|Suffolk County Sheriff, New York]] |
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
| − | [[Category:Criminal professions]][[Category:Police]] | + | [[Category:Criminal professions]][[Category:Police]][[Category:Articles nominated for deletion on Wikipedia (AfD)]] |
[[zh:美国è¦è¡”]] | [[zh:美国è¦è¡”]] | ||
Revision as of 03:54, 12 February 2011
| This article contains content from Wikipedia An article on this subject has been nominated for deletion on Wikipedia: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/ Police ranks of the USA Current versions of the GNU FDL article on WP may contain information useful to the improvement of this article |
WP+ NO DEL |
The United States police rank model is generally Wikipedia:paramilitary in structure.
Ranks
Although the large and varied number of federal, state, and local police and sheriff's departments have different ranks, a general model, from highest to lowest rank, would be:
- Wikipedia:Chief of police/Wikipedia:police commissioner/superintendent/Wikipedia:sheriff: The title police commissioner is used mainly by large metropolitan departments, while chief of police is associated with small and medium-sized municipalities; both are typically appointed by a Wikipedia:mayor or selected by the city council or commission. In some cities, "commissioner" is the civilian official or member of the board of officials in charge of the department, while a "chief" is the top uniformed officer answering to the commissioner or commission. In very large departments, such as the Wikipedia:New York City Police Department, there may be several deputy and assistant commissioners, all civilian, some of whom outrank the chief of department and others on par with the uniformed chief. There may be a chief of operations who is second in command to the top-ranking chief. In contrast, Wikipedia:sheriffs in the United States are usually elected officials, one in each county, who head the sheriff's department (or sheriff's office).
- Assistant Chief/Assistant Commissioner/Assistant Superintendent/Assistant Sheriff: Only seen in some departments. In New York City, assistant chiefs head borough commands bureaus.
- Deputy Chief/Deputy Commissioner/Deputy Superintendent/Wikipedia:undersheriff: The top lieutenant to the chief of police, commissioner, superintendent, or sheriff; may or may not have a specific area of responsibility. In some places the undersheriff is the warden of the Wikipedia:county jail. The Wikipedia:New York City Sheriff's Office has five undersheriffs: each one is responsible for a Wikipedia:borough of New York City, with the Sheriff of the City of New York overseeing all of them.
- Wikipedia:Inspector/Wikipedia:commander/Wikipedia:colonel: Sometime have an insignia of a single star, analogous to brigadier generals, but in other areas wear a gold or silver eagle, similar to a colonel. "Inspector" is also used as a term for "detective" in the Wikipedia:San Francisco Police Department and Wikipedia:Chicago Police Department but is two ranks above captain in New York and in the Wikipedia:Philadelphia Police Department. In New York, inspectors command divisions, which may be groups of precincts within a borough or specialized branches of the police service. The Colonel rank is extremely rare and is only used in the Wikipedia:Baltimore Police Department.
- Wikipedia:Major/deputy inspector: Sometimes have an insignia of a gold or silver Wikipedia:oak leaf, similar to a major or lieutenant colonel. In the Wikipedia:Baltimore Police Department, Wikipedia:New Orleans Police Department, and Wikipedia:Atlanta Police Department majors supervise Wikipedia:police stations.
- Captain: Two gold or silver bars ("Railroad tracks"). Often supervises a Wikipedia:police station but can supervise another division or unit (detectives, patrol, etc.) in smaller departments and only certain sections of a police station in larger departments. In NYC captains are the normal commanders of precincts.
- Wikipedia:Lieutenant: A single gold or silver bar, who supervises two to three or more sergeants. Lieutenants can supervise an entire watch shift of a police station or detective squad (Wikipedia:Narcotics, Wikipedia:Homicide, etc.) in larger police departments and entire precincts in smaller police departments.
- Wikipedia:Sergeant: Three inverted chevrons, a police officer who supervises an entire watch shift in smaller departments and areas of a precinct and individual detective squads in larger departments.
- Wikipedia:Detective/Inspector/Investigator: An investigatory specialist, usually working in plain clothes. This may be in several classes that correspond to higher supervisory and pay grades. In NYC, technically a designation: detectives do not exactly outrank police officers albeit they are in charge of cases and are often senior in years of service and so have a certain degree of authority beyond police officers in specific situations.
- Officer/Deputy/Corporal: A regular officer/deputy wears no rank insignia, and there may be several pay grades.
In many departments, officers from Lieutenant up wear a white shirt instead of the blue or brown uniform shirt common to lower-ranked police officers. Senior police officers may wear fretting ("scrambled eggs") on their visors.
Advancement from Officer to Captain is generally by appointment after successful completion of a series of examinations, and after the officer has sufficient time in grade. Grades above Captain are generally by appointment of the chief/sheriff. In addition, there must be vacancies for a higher rank.
Variations
Federal
States
Cities
- Baltimore
- Charlotte
- Chicago
- Dallas
- Detroit
- Fort Worth
- Houston
- Los Angeles
- Miami
- New Orleans
- New York
- Philadelphia
- Pittsburgh
- Jacksonville, Florida
- Washington, DC
