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(Acne Fighting: Polyunsaturated fat/Industrial oils and dairy and acne. Also green/white tea remedy.)
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== throw pillows ==
{{Info|The following is a composite article detailing common '''home remedies''', some of which may be unverified, speculative or empirical.  '''Use at your own risk'''.}}
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<span style="float:right">__TOC__</span>
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See also: [[ethnomedicine]].
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[[Category:Ethnomedicine]]
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=== [[:Aab Nabaat]] ===
 
Aab Nabaat (which translates in Farsi to Candy Water) prevents upset stomachs. In most [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Middle Eastern Cultures|Middle Eastern countries]], there is old wisdom for remedies based around the premise of balance between cold and warm foods. It is believed that the bacteria that mixes in the stomach from the foods based on their cold or warming effects, is what results in an upset stomach. To counterbalance the cold foods in your stomach, Aab Nabaat is used, balancing the bacteria, which makes you feel ill. The best time to consume Aab Nabaat is whenever you have an upset stomach. It especially helps before bed if you cannot sleep. Aab Nabaat consists of a piece of rock candy (the length of two fingers) stirred into a teacup of boiled water.There are no risks connected to drinking Aab Nabaat unless you are diabetic and watching your sugar-intake because the drink would probably not be smart to consume since it is so sweet.The origin of Aab Nabaat is from the Middle East’s old wisdom for remedies based on balancing hot and cold foods.
 
  
  
=== [[:Acetaminophen]] ===
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Modern-day Chuck Pillows : Position
Acetaminophen has been a very common and safe [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#pain|pain]] reliever, [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#fever|fever]] reducer, [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#cramps|cramp]] reliever and [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#the_common_cold|cold]] buster since it's initial release as Tylenol in the 1950's.  A normal dosage of acetaminophen is about 1000mg every 4 to 6 hours which is equivalent to 2 extra strength Tylenol. Acetaminophen should ideally be taken with a full glass of water and on a full stomach.  Too much acetaminophen can cause liver damage and with very excessive dosage, death. Chances of liver damage drastically increase if the acetaminophen is mixed with alcohol.  The breaking point for an acetaminophen overdose is around 4000 mg's in a day, depending on bodyweight.  Overdoses are uncommon, but they can happen.  People that become addicted to opiates may not realize that opiate drugs such as hydrocodone (vicodin) contain 500 mg's of acetaminophen so an overdose could occur if too much hydrocodone is ingested.  Acetaminophen came about as a result of Europeans in the middle ages who discovered that white willow bark and cinchona bark could be used as a reliever of the systems that acetaminophen relieves.  This discovery led to the discovery of more specialized medicines that utilized the properties of these barks.  The medicines began getting more and more effective as our knowledge increased until the medicine was released in it's common form used today as it was released in the U.S. as acetaminophen in 1955 under the name Tylenol.  Acetaminophen maintains it's popularity in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] because it is a cheap, readily available medication that relieves a lot of common, uncomfortable symptoms.
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Ulcers are first and foremost caused by a bacterium called H. pylori, and in addition to that, the most common determinant is habitual use of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#European_culture|European culture]] use red wine to cure and prevent ulcer.
 
  
=== [[:Acne Fighting]] ===
 
Acne can be easily prevented or fought using a few simple tips. First of all, careful hygene practices; regular exfoliation, changing of sheets and pillow case, maintenance of hair and most importantly: proper diet and hydration.These are all natural remedies so there is no side affects to worry about unlike some acne medicines. If you have acne, or would like to prevent it, the following tips are wonderful naturopathic methods for countering such problems.
 
  
For the first consideration, the obvious hygiene practices; one must wash their face (at least once a day with soap)and after every time the face has broken a sweat. It is key to never leave sweat on the face, because it harbors bacteria. Moreover, If the face ever feels itchy, it is most likely because their is some form of microscopic creature/bacterium/parasite infecting the skin. As soon as you feel an itch on your face, wash it! The last thing you should do is scratch it with an unclean hand- if you absolutely must scratch, use the back of your hand (the palm side sweats too much and is constantly handling doorknobs and such). However, remember not to wash your face too much (more than twice a day) as this will rid your face of all its natural oils and will produce more oil to compensate for this, resulting in more spots.
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Present day chuck pads can be placed in any space within your house. There are modern-day place pillows pertaining to chair, area rugs, bay windows, bedrooms, rocking chairs, to mention a few. Thus, as much as their place in the house is worried, you can be as innovative as you want! You can place five-six of them on the sleep to get comfortable. Or, you can put a number of within the brown area rug with your family room to enhance your sitting living space. As well as, place the a lot of them on your own living room furniture in order to liven it up!
  
Next, rid yourself of any possible facial contact with bacteria or bacteria harboring sweat, dirt, grease and/or oils. Bed sheets should be changed regularly, at least once a week, especially the pillow case! Your pillow case should be flipped after the first night of use, and turned inside out the next night so you have two new clean sides. Also, your hair should be washed before bed so that the oils from your head do not rub off on your pillow case.
 
  
In addition to the skin care methods shared above, there are some important aspects of diet one should consider: First, a large intake of water is necessary for keeping the immune system in shape. Eating fiber will help slow water from passing strait through your system, thus, letting it diffuse through the stomach and eventually into the skin, and fruit happens to be the perfect combination of water and fiber. One must also get their daily value of vitamins, A,C and E. This is essential to the maintenance of the immune system, whose function is important for kicking acne. Kyloric acid (garlic) is a good food for your skin partially because its PH level is similar to that of human skin. In addition to adding the aforementioned foods to your diet, you should also refrain from eating too much sugar, for it will damage your immune system. High amounts of polyunsaturated fat (omega-6 or omega 3) may help break out the skin, as well as pasteurized dairy that contains whey. Vegetable (soybean), corn, canola (rapeseed) oil are high in omega 6. High whey dairy includes cottage cheese, milk, ricotta cheese and yogurt.
 
  
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Modern Toss Special pillows : Patterns and Colors
  
One basic and easy solution to fighting acne is salt water. Get a small bowl and fill it with water, then put a teaspoon of salt in and mix. Once the salt has dissolved dip a corner of a napkin or a paper towel into the mixture. Place the wet corner on the zit and hold for a few minutes. Repeat of a couple of times. The salt water dries out the zit causing it to shrink and than eventually disappear. Another solution is to put a slice of lemon on top of acne, this to also helps to dry out the zit. Simple sunshine (or tanning beds) can also be good for your skin (in moderation). It will help, like the salt and lemon, to dry those pores out and prevent acne. Just-used damp green tea and white tea bags cool skin inflammation.
 
  
Also, Neosporin is a quick and easy way to fight acne.  Its antibiotic properties work to heal the inflammation. 
 
  
Basically- keep clean, eat healthy, and keep those pores dry!!
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In case you believed that sq and also rectangular could be the just achievable condition that your modern place pillow case are available in, purely search the net or maybe go looking for the children in a home retailer. You will end up stunned to get these kinds of within the nearly all unusual of styles. You will discover kangaroo-shaped bedroom pillows, face-shaped pads, sq bedroom pillows that has a large rose attached to the modern put bed sheets includes in the front, Buddha-shaped cushions, dog-shaped special pillows, and so on. As for the shades, modern place special pillows come in grays, white wines, greens, most muted colors colors and in some cases vivid shades for example reddish colored, lime, violet as well as fluorescent green!  
  
Toothpaste is a home remedy which helps get rid of unwanted acne fast!  If a zit pops up then that night take a little bit of toothpaste and apply it to the zit and sleep on it.  The toothpaste helps speed up the drying out of the zit, in turn helping the zit disappear.  In reality, you still need to wash your face and keep up with other habits which help keep the face clean but the toothpaste helps in emergency situations! [[Ethnomedice_by_Culture_Toothpaste]]
 
  
  
A very popular Latino home remedy has been used for years to get rid of face acne. This old wives tale to eliminate face acne has in fact proven effective. The first step is to get a fresh lemon and cut it in half. Next you must rub it on your undesired face acne. The last and most important step is to take the lemon and rub it somewhere else on your body, say your leg or arm. The process if transferring the acne from one undesirable place to a less viable place is what essentially gets rid of the acne. Although this remedy may seem unbelievable, it is still used by many Mexican families to this day to get rid of face acne. 
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Modern Toss Pillows : Styles
[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Hispanic_Culture|Hispanic society]]
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=== [[W:Ginger|African Ginger]] ===
 
[[Image:Zingiber officinale01.jpg|frame|Ginger Root]]
 
The African Ginger is a natural anti-inflammatory remedy. It can also be used for many things such as headaches, [[#influenza|influenza]], mild asthma, throat infections, PMS, menstrual cramps, mood swings, colds, flu & coughs, indigestion, nausea, gas, [[#gastro-intestinal|gastro-intestinal]] infections, and as a mild sedative. It acts as a circulatory stimulant which can reduce high blood pressure, and can increase sweating to help reduce fevers. I can also help “thin” the blood as well as lower cholesterol, can be taken as a supplement for heartburn, helps with bad breath, relieves vomiting, and helps relieve motion and morning sickness. <br><br>
 
In one Hospital in London, the herb seemed to be more effective than traditional medicines in relieving poasperative nausea. Research at Cornell University Medical College also found that Ginger can prevent recurrences of small strokes, and the hardening of the arteries. <br><br>
 
This plant originates in Africa, and is a herb that has been used for generations as a traditional medicine for a range of conditions. The plant has become extinct in Kwa Zulu Natal, and has limited distribution Mpumalanga and the Northern Province because of its use as a medicine and being over-harvested.  It contains vitamins B3 and B5 along with many minerals. <br><br>
 
In general, the root or rhizome is the part used, and comes in jointed branches called races or hands. To treat asthma, hysteria, colds, coughs, and the flu, the rhizomes and roots are chewed fresh. Women may chew it to help ease women during menstruation. Commonly, a person may take 2 - 4 grams of the dried rhizome powder two to three times per day or a tincture of 1.5 - 3 ml three times daily. When used for nausea, a single dose of about 250 mg every two to three hours (for a total of 1 gram per day) may help. To prevent motion sickness, tablets, capsules, or liquid herbal extract may be taken up to two days before traveling. When used properly, there are rarely any side-effects. However, it is recommended that pregnant women avoid it.
 
  
=== [[Airborne]] ===
 
Airborne is a herbal health formula that boosts the immune system to help the body combat germs. It was created by a former second-grade school teacher, Victoria Knight-McDowell, who was constantly exposed to germs in her classroom. Its unique blend of herbal extracts, vitamins, electrolytes, amino acids and antioxidants helps give the body a fighting chance when exposed to germ-filled environments. The tablets are simply added to water to make a fizzy drink. Found in most grocery stores and gas stations it has no side effects and is very effective at keeping colds away.
 
  
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This types add smart , for example outside, top to bottom or maybe zig zag collections up to the more intricate the middle of century present day toss special pillows designs that display things like "Om", "Guitars", "Butterflies" and other present day and also psychedelic art types, that happen to be reminiscent of the 1960's, Seventies stone in addition to hippie years.  
===Alagau===
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Alagau is a plant commonly used for medicinal purposes in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Filipino_Culture|Filipino culture]], and found only in the Philippines. A remedy for coughs is as follows: Alagau leaves mixed with a little bit of sugar and a cup of "calamansi" ([[#Lemon Juice|lemon juice]]) to be taken in drink-form. This decoction is to be taken as needed (when the cough is at its worst), and due to its effectiveness, duration of use should be no longer than a two to three days. Other home remedies include vaginal irritation, weakness of the stomach, diarrhea, abdominal pains, tympanites, beriberi, parasiticide, and cardiac troubles.
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===[[Alka Seltzer]]===
 
Alka Seltzer is an effervescent to relieve minor aches and pains and most importantly hangovers. it has ingredients to wake you up, get rid of your headache and body aches, and dispel nausea. just dissolve it in water the morning after a night of drinking, when you feel like you can without puking, because it's kind of gross, and watch your hangover melt away. Usually one dose should do the trick, but you might need a second a few hours later for the residual effects. Found pretty much everywhere, grocery stores, drug stores, gas stations.
 
  
  
=== [[w:Aloe Vera|Aloe Vera]] ===
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For those of you which increase the particular glamor in addition to glamour regarding The movies strait into their own family area, there are Hollywood influenced low cost present day chuck bedroom pillows accessible, that can within turquoise, discolored in addition to white coloring, congratulated by vibrant african american artwork. You might additional visit inexpensive toss special pillows. If you appreciate to possess models coming from all over the world in your house, you will find modern day place pads that can come together with designs harvested coming from several locations like Jaipur, Cayman Islands, , Tropez, for example.  
[[Image:Aloe vera bush.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Aloe Vera]]
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Aloe Vera is a short, green plant that grows in dry climates. The plant is most well-known for its sap’s healing properties for skin conditions such as [[#burns|burns]], cuts, athlete’s foot and eczema in the U.S., but can also be used as  a laxative. Aloe’s medicinal purposes have long been discovered and re-discovered in various parts of the world. The first noted finding was in the Egypt and other parts of Africa, where the plant grows most rampant, but evidence shows that ancient Greek doctors may too have used  the plant for its soothing properties.
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In order for aloe to be effective, the gel needs to be applied directly onto the inflamed skin, though studies are being done to see if oral use of aloe can also heal skin irritations. Aloe should be used several times a day, for multiple days, until the skin is no longer irritated. There is some debate surrounding the use of aloe, whether or not it actually speeds up healing time. Regardless of whether aloe actually heals, it is a natural coolant, providing temporary relief of skin irritation or [[#Sunburn|Sunburn]]. Only one study, done in 1991, found that the use of aloe slowed healing time, but nothing  has  ever  been  proven.
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The use of Aloe Vera is a very common in the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]].
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===[[Alum Powder]]===
 
The common household spice Alum Powder, which is usually used in cooking, can be used to get rid of canker sores. Apply the powder to the sore and let dry for a couple of minutes, this may be painful. They key is to keep the powder directly on the canker sore, this will reduce the duration of the treatment period. ([http://www.health911.com/remedies/rem_cank.htm]). After a couple of minutes rinse your mouth out with water and repeat one to two times a day. Alum Powder can be found in most grocery stores.
 
  
===[[Angelica]]===
 
[[Image:Angelica-archangelica-flowers.JPG|thumb|right|200px|Angelica]]<br>
 
  
Angelica is a herb that is useful in the prevention of fevers, colds and coughs. It can also be used as a medicinal gargle for sore throats. Angelica has an antibacterial action, preventing the growth of more bacteria. If consuming angelica in powdered form, it should be taken in amounts of 10-30 grains. If taken as the root with boiling water, two tablespoons 3-4 times a day. There are effects of taking angelica. The fresh root of Angelica is not edible,and is said to be poisonous. Do not use while pregnant or breastfeeding without consulting your doctor.  
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Contemporary place cushions come in many colorings, with designs including bouquets, actually leaves, pockets plus a glistening shine in it. Additionally, there are a number of unconventional patterns that happen to be peaceful favorite today, for instance "chair pillows" which have the seat imprinted for the pillow cover, a "walking pillow" which demonstrates a man walking the doggy, a new "Freida Pillow" ( space ) because the identify recommends has the experience in the renowned electrician into it and also the "hands pillow" which in turn displays the two arms in a very Pilates "mudra" i.at the. motion.  
  
As for the origin of angelica, according to European legend in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]], Angelica was revealed in a dream by an angel to cure the plague (hence the name Angelica or Archangel). All parts of the plant were believed effective against evil spirits and witchcraft. It was held in such esteem that it was called 'The Root of the Holy Ghost. In America it was used by the Iroquois and other tribes as Witchcraft Medicine, an infusion of smashed roots was used as wash to remove ghosts from the house.
 
  
===[[Anti-Inflammatory Drugs]]===
 
A common remedy for pain relief is the use of anti-inflammatory drugs. This type of remedy works to alleviate pain by reducing inflammation, rather than the use of opiates, which affect the brain. This type of relief is most commonly seen in the name brands, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and Tylenol. Typically, one to two pills should be taken every four hours, but not exceeding six tablets in twenty four hours. It is not advised to use these remedies on a long term daily basis.
 
There are risks involved, especially with high or chronic usage. For example, ibuprofen has been observed in elevating the risk of myocardial infarction, and has the potential to
 
  
===[[Antacids]]===
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Modern throw pads are usually relaxing, with an inexpensive option to replacing your own decorations. These come in a number of material materials including cotton, man made fiber, knitted, leather-based, linens, velvet as well as suede. Although suede is easily the most favorite option for modern day chuck special pillows, but they may be rather challenging to clean and gaze after. In my opinion, my personal faves are usually cotton toss bedroom pillows that contain "love", "joy", "peace" prepared about them. Organic cotton is not hard with pores and skin and these terms on the pillow result in the place search cozy, at ease and inviting! And so, you will notice, you will find there's ton regarding wide variety with toss cushions. Find the versions which in turn accommodate and add on on your inside
Found in brands such as Rolaid and Tums, these chewable tablets help with the digestion process and a cure for a [[#stomach ache| stomach ache]].  They can also cure acid ingestion, heartburn, gas and a sour stomach.  It is recommended to chew these tablets before you swallow them as this helps speed the process to your digestion system. Recommended dosage is 2 to 4 tablets 4 times a day after meals and before you go to sleep.  After you take this follow it up with a small glass of water or another liquid.
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Doctors suggest that one should not take antacids if the person shows signs appendicitis or an inflamed bowel; thse symptoms can include stomach or lower abdominal pain, cramping, bloating, soreness, nausea, or vomiting. Also if one has an extreme allergic reaction to aluminum it is recommended to not take antacids as a majority of these tablets have aluminum in them.  Any person taking another perscription drug should also consult a doctor before taking antacids.
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=== [[Apple Cider for Athletes]] ===
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Another less well known treatment for a case of Athlete's foot is the use of apple cider. Not only does this remove the burning and itching sensations caused by the fungus, but also serves to disinfect the foot and rid it of the foul odor accompanied by the rotting dead skin. It is generally recommended to soak the infected foot in three parts apple cider and one part vinegar every morning after waking and before going to bed for around thirty minutes. Some people have been known to apply traces of lemon juice into the batch as to increase the amount of citric acid already present in the concoction.
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To be on the safe side it is generally agreed to apply a mild amount of foot cream to the infected areas. Although it is imperative that the infected foot is constantly aired, if shoes must be worn they should be well ventilated and as said above, accompanied by cotton socks to help keep the foot dry. Generally there are no negative side effects unless the user is allergic to any of the above ingredients and the fungus should begin to noticeably clear within a week and should be completely gone by the end of the second week.
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The origins of this cure are shaky at best but are believed to come from a combination of westernized and traditional Korean remedies.
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=== [[w:Vinegar|Apple Cider Vinegar]]===
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To help clear up skin with mild acne, try apple cider vinegar. Make a mixture of one part vinegar and ten parts water. Use a cotton ball to apply the mixture to the face. Continue to do this once a day to help prevent more breakouts. The reason this remedy works is because vinegar is acidic; therefore it is important the vinegar is diluted. Use a higher ratio of vinegar to water with care. It has the potential to severely dry out the face if done improperly. This remedy has been known among primarily among American teenagers who struggle with occasional zits.
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Apple cider vinegar has also been known to aid in the curing of [[#yeast infection|yeast infection]] by either drinking two tablespoons with water three times a day or by simply bathing in it.  It is recommended to start with a lower dose.  While some brands of apple cider vinegar will remove a yeast infection, others are so acidic they can worsen the infection instead.
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Apple Cider Vinegar and [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Arthritis|Arthritis]]:  A great and natural way to help alleviate as well as help prevent the effects of arthritis is to have a small but consistent intake of Apple Cider Vinegar each day.  Apple Cider Vinegar may have an unpleasant odor or taste, but it is recommended that one takes 1-2 teaspoons of ACV up to three times a day. Mixing the Apple Cider Vinegar with equal parts honey is a great way to make this home remedy a more pleasant one.  Once mixed with honey, you can also mix it with water to taste.  When purchasing ACV, make sure you get all-natural Apple Cider Vinegar, and not flavored Apple Cider Vinegar that has no benefit at all. 
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Apple Cider Vinegar works as a sort of body purifier.  It helps the body as a whole to break down fatty and acidic deposits in the body that cause a whole slew of ailments.  As far as arthritis is concerned ACV is used to dissolve these acid deposits and make it easy for your body to flush out the build-ups in your joints that cause soreness, stiffness and other uncomfortable ailments of arthritis.
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This remedy has been around for thousands of years and is a common natural treatment around the world and in the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|United States]].
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Apple cider vinegar has also been used to clear the air passageway when people are having ear nose and throat problems.  Making a mug of hot but tolerable apple cider vinegar with a small amount of honey to help with taste can be sipped on to release phlegm from the back of the throat.  It has been found to be a fast and effective method if the case is not so serious that you must visit a physician.   
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[[Image:Applecidervinegar01.JPG|200px|Caption]]
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=== [[Arnica]] ===
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Arnica is used to soothe and heal [[#bruising|bruising]]or [[#sprins|sprains]] and relieve irritations such as trauma arthritis or muscle pain.  Commonly applied as a salve, arnica can also be used for chapped lips, irritated nostrils and [[#acne|acne]]. The properties that cause arnica to heal are the anti-bacterial and inflammatory qualities.  These are what reduce the pain and swelling.
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Arnica is used when symptoms are present and as long as they remain.  Using to preven a symptom or use after a symptom is semi gone will not affect the treatment or the person. However prolonged use may irritate the skin and cause eczema or blisters which arnica shouldn't be used on.  Arnica is rarely used as an internal herbal remedy because it can cause dizziness, tremors and heart irregularities. 
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Found in North America, Arnica originated with the Catawba Indians who used a tea of arnica roots for treating back pains. This internal ingestion of arnica can be harmful if not properly prepared right.
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=== [[W:Athlete's foot| Athlete's Foot]] ===
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[[Image:athletes.jpg|190px|right]]
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Athlete’s foot is an infection caused by the fungus dermatophytes.  There are many ways to preventively fight the fungus.  Keeping one’s feet dry and using cotton socks can help, as can your diet.  Alcohol and sugars along with processed foods should be avoided while fresh fruits and green vegetables should be added.  These measures help fight off infections but if one should develop there are several methods to get deal with it.
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Immediate relief of burning and itching can be found by soaking one’s feet in mouthwashes such as Listerine. While it may be functional, due to cultural differences, some would advise against soaking your feet in Listerine. Alternatively, they might recommend warm salt water.  Additionally, soaking your feet in water and white vinegar twice daily will start to rid off the infection.  The solution should be one part white vinegar to four parts water and soaking should last twenty minutes. Don't use the mixture more than once.  Accompanied with the application of tea tree oil, the fungus will clear up.  The tea tree oil needs to be applied to the affected areas of the foot in small amounts. [http://www.health911.com/remedies/rem_athle.htm| Remedies for Athlete's foot]
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[[Image:avocado.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Avocados.]]
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=== [[Avocados]] ===
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This fruit is rich in many vitamins and minerals essential to healthy skin, teeth and nails. It also  contains fat, the good kind (as opposed to the heart-clogging kind), which provides energy.  It can be eaten as a spread, on sandwiches, as guacamole, or simply by itself. It should be added to your diet as a part of an over-all balanced one, and a half of a large one or whole small one is a daily recommended amount. The actor Mel Gibson said the key to his health was religiously eating half an avocado each day.
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=== [[:Avon Skin-so-soft]] ===
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Avon Skin-so-soft bath oil is used as a mosquito repellent. Just use a small amount in your bath water, and soak. Benefits include soft skin, and a good way to repel mosquitoes for up to about a half hour.
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===[[Baby Powder]]===
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Along with baby powders most common use it can be used for other common things as well. Blisters are a common sore found mainly on the feet or hands from continuous rubbing on sensitive skin.  They can also be formed from burns from the sun or other forms of heat.  The best thing to do to treat a blister is to pop it by using a sterilized needle and making a small puncture at the side of the blister making sure it is large enough to drain all of the fluid out.  If it is possible it is better to leave the skin covering the blister intact as it serves as ‘natures’ band-aid.  If it is not possible to leave the skin covering the blister you can use [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|'''Baby Powder''']]  to relieve pain to the area.  Maybe an even better method is to apply a small amount of petroleum jelly to the area and then cover it with [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|'''Spenco's Second Skin''']].  dressing which acts as a temporary layer of skin while the wound heals.  This is an over the counter product that can be bought at pharmacies as well as many other large department stores.  The best time to apply these products is immediately after popping the blister.  If the sore begins to dry up they will not help as much.
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===[[Bacon Fat]]===
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A good remedy for boils.  You place raw bacon fat on the top of the boil and change two times a day.  The salt in the bacon helps to draw out the pus.
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=== [[Baking Soda]] ===
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Foot odor is a typical thing that everyone has to deal with. Yet for some it's harder to get rid of than others. One way to help get rid of foot odor is to sprinkle 1 or 2 teaspoons of baking soda into your shoes at night. Leave the baking soda in all day and then dump out what remains at the end of the day, before you go to sleep sprinkle another 1 or 2 teaspoons into your shoes. This helps to absorb moisture as well as hide odors. Continue to repeat this process until foot odor is gone. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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=== [[Baking Soda and Salt]] ===
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A person’s smile is usually the first physical characteristic that is noticed. Lately, many people have sought a natural way to achieve whiter teeth, therefore maintaining a more healthy appearance. A common method of achieving this goal is to alternate brushing with a traditional tooth paste and a homemade mixture consisting of one half baking soda and one half salt. Water is then added to produce a paste like substance.  Brushing is required for between two and four minutes. This simple and cost effective practice will immediately whiten teeth and also decrease the amount of accumulated plaque. Due to the taste of the salt, there is a possibility of a raw or bitter aftertaste in ones mouth. If desired, the frequency of brushing with this homemade formulation can be reduced to only a few times a week. Teeth whitening is a custom that originated in Western society, usually in the middle-upper socio-economic strata of this culture. Alternative whitening agents are also being developed and marketed for the consumer.
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===[[Baking Soda and Water]]===
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Have an unpset stomach?  This is an affordable solution to alka-seltzer or other over the counter drugs for the upset stomach.  The ingredients in alka-seltzer is citric acid and baking soda.  The citric acid does little but make the tablets fizz when they react with the baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).  This simple home remedy requires that one use 1-2 tablespoons of baking soda, mix with a glass of water (8oz), and drink rather quickly.  Generally within a 1/2 hour your stomach will feel better.  If after an hour your stomach is still upset, drink another glass.  Usually one glass will do the trick, and there is no need to continue use if the problem subsides after using baking soda and water.  It should only be used again on the next occasion a person experiences heartburn or as a preventative measure before a person eats something that might potentially give them heartburn.
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Baking soda and water can also be used not only for an upset stomach, but also to curb mild forms of Acid Reflux (or GERD).  Eat that pizza right before you decided to go to bed?  Many people will find themselves experiencing heartburn as well as Acid Refux symptoms.  For many, baking soda and water will cure both in under 30 minutes.  In a culture that thrives on instant results, baking soda is a fast working, all purpose substance that is used for instant relief.
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Baking soda and water is also a remedy for bee stings. Mix a third of a cup of baking soda with two thirds of a cup of water, and put it on and around the sting. After a couple of minutes, you should start to feel relief. The paste will dry up and stop working after about 15 minutes, so repeat the process.
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===[[Bananas]]===
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Have cramps?  Tired muscles?  Need relief?  Try bananas.  The potassium content in bananas helps relieve the pain caused from muscle cramping and exhaustion.  Eating 3-4 bananas a week can help your muscles stamina and if cramping occurs, eat a banana to help stop the pain sooner.  Eating bananas is greatly encouraged for runners or other intense workouts to improve muscle stamina and avoid cramping.  Even one bananas before a run can drastically decrease the likelihood that muscles with cease in the middle of the workout[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Bee Stings Ouch!]]===
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[[#Bee Stings|Bee Stings]] are never delightful and can be very painful or even deadly. A way to reduce irritation and pain is to remove the stinger of the insect with a sharp object like a credit card, immediately. You should scrape it out rather than pull it because it won’t leave any excess venom inside.  Make sure that you remove the entire stinger from your skin, to prevent irritation and infection.  Next, you should apply meat tenderizer, (if not available, then deodorant works also), to the sting.  This will remove the protein from the bees venom.  Apply ice or a cold rag to the sting to help prevent an allergic reaction.  If the sting is still irritated, you can apply toothpaste or baking soda mixed with water to the sting; this will stop the itching.  [[Ethnomedicine by Culture Group# Western Culture|Western Culture]]  See also, [[Ethnomedicine by Illness# Bee Stings|Bee Stings]]
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====bzzz====
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I you are in the woods and don't have these things you can apply mud onto the sting and the coolness of the mud will sooth the sting. This is a technique that has been used by hikers for a long time.
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[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Beef Tenderizer]]===
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Another way to help with the pain of bee stings is to apply beef tenderizer that is mixed with water, so it makes a paste. You apply the paste in the affected area and it helps deal with the venom. After applying the paste, use a hair dryer to dry it and then cover it with a bandage to help the paste take affect and to keep it from getting further infected and irritated. More information about this remedy can be found at: [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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[[Image:Durkee Seasoned Meat Tenderizer.jpg|thumb]]
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===[[Benadrly]]===
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To relieve [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Hives|Hives]] and itching take an oral antihistamine, such as Benadryl. Hives are caused by an allergic reaction to some substance in the environment that a person comes in contact with. On the first occurrence of the hives take one to two Benadryl pills every six hours. After the hives have disappeared, begin decreasing the dose of the Benadryl slowly over the next week. Using antihistamines to reduce hives is part of the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|western]] biomedical model of health
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=== [[Birth Root]] ===
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Birth Root (bioloigcal name: Trillium Pendulum) is an endangered herb grown in the mid-west.  Mostly birth root is directed towards women for internal and external problems.  This herb is mostly used by Native American women. It is used to strengthen womens reproductive organs to keep labor short and sweet.  Other illnesses this herb is used for is a common cough, and when boiled with milk it can help diarrhea. Take one teaspoon of the herb with one cup of water or milk.  You may have this hot or cold and take it before bed time.  May take up to 2 cups per day.
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===[[:Blackberry]]===
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Blackberries can be used to help cure a [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Stomach_Ache stomach ache] and nausea. By creating syrup from the roots, you are able to create a cure for both upset stomach  and mild diarrhea. You can also boil the leaves in order to create a tea to sooth the stomach, the throat, and stop diarrhea. Made whenever ill, this syrup or tea made from the leaves or roots of the blackberry can be used as frequent as necessary to help settle your stomach. You can get relief without any side effects. Blackberry bushes can be found very easily in our area and through various parts of the country, so this remedy is easily accessible. This remedy is a tradition of many of the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Native_American_Culture|Native American Cultures]] around the United States.
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=== [[Black Eye]] ===
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The best treatment for a black eye is to apply something cold to the affected area without applying pressure. An example of this to hold a cold can of soda against the cheek of the swollen eye for several minutes without adding pressure to the eye itself.
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===[[Black Tea]]===
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Made from the leaves of an evergreen shrub known as the Camellia sinensis, Black Tea is  not only used to make a caffeinated drink but also serves as a natural home remedy to help prevent foot odor.  By soaking the feet in question for twenty minutes, the natural composition of the leaves, are known to prevent or cover the smell of the odorous feet for a limited amount of time. One is supposed to soak four tea bags in a gallon of hot to boiling water to form a fairly thick tea.  Then let cool to a warm temperature and proceed to soak the feet for the previously mentioned amount of time of twenty minutes.  Be advised to not stick odorous feet in boiling water as this may cause severe burns.  The use of Black Tea has currently thrived in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]].
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===[[Bloody Nose]]===
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When you get a bloody nose, you can use the treatment that my family uses. At first you should press firmly on your nose with a tissue until it slows down a little bit. When it is not gushing blood anymore but not totally gone you can mix up some alum powder with some Neosporin or Vaseline. On a plate or small disk that is clean, mix about one part alum powder with two parts Vaseline or Neosporin with a Q-Tip. With the Q-Tip, put a decent amount of this mixture in your nostril that was bleeding, making sure you cover the whole nostril. This should clot the blood and stop your nosebleed.
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You should do this once or twice per nostril depending on how much it is bleeding about 5 min after the start of the nosebleed. This goes along with Western Culture. My dad made this up, in a sense. The alum powder is the main ingredient in the sticks that men use when they cut themselves shaving. But since it is a powder you have to mix it with Neosporin or Vaseline. This mixture also helps to repair the nose cells that bled. If you do not mix it with the Vaseline or Neosporin then it wont work as well and is harder on your nose (it stings like crazy too). Alum powder can be found in the spices section of the grocery store.
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===[[Body Odor]]===
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Have you ever been in a public place and realized that horrible stench of body odor was emitting from your underarms? Forgot to put on deodorant today, or have a serious sweating problem like I do? Have no fear- the solutions are here!
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'''First off'''- do the obvious things like routine bathing. Make sure to throughly wash your underarms with a generous amount of soap and apply deodorant directly after you towel off and try to shower in the morning to make this after-shower freshness last all day.
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'''Second'''- avoid those unbreathable, man made fabrics that you can't even pronounce. Stick to cotton instead which allows for a lot of air flow and help to dry or soak up sweat.
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'''Third'''- if you forget your normal deodorant or antiperspirant try using plain old baking soda (or choose a deodorant that includes baking soda). It has great absorbing properties and helps kill the oder-causing bacteria that come with that unpleasant damp feeling.
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Body odor can be more than a hygiene problem or from pure physical exertion- it can also be related to your diet, medications, liver or kidney disorders. If you try the above suggestions and still find yourself pitting-out and making people pass out with your stank, visit your doctor. They can prescribe a special anti-biotic anti-antiperspirant for your pits. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|See Western society.]]
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===[[Borage Oil]]===
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Borage oil can be used to help treat rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which the immune system attacks the joints and other body parts. Taking borage oil can help to reduce the pain. Borage oil is a fatty acid containing Omega-3 that derived from the seeds of the borage plant. It is found primarily in supplements. Borage oil has been found successful in treating rheumatoid arthritis when 1.4-2.8 grams are taken daily for at least two months. Minor side effects include bloating, nausea, indigestion, and headache.
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===[[Bourbon Tooth ache]]=== 
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Teething not only affects infants; it affects the parents as well. Infants are known to cry, a lot, and parents can resort to many different ways of curing the pain. Bourbon is an American made whiskey, initiating in Kentucky. Parents may add just a drop of this liquid to their fingers, and apply it to their infant's area of teething. It is very effective in numbing the area, and can help calm the infant and ease them into sleep.
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This method should only be used very moderately, and when the infant is experiencing inconceivable pain. Parents should take care in giving their child only a drop; beware of intoxicating the child.
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===[[Bracken Fern]]===
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[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Rangitoto_Tangle_fern.jpg]
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This fern is commonly found in many temperate forests along with its counterpart, the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#stinging nettle|stinging nettle]] plant. Bracken fern serves as a remedy for nettle stings. Simply rub a crushed bracken fern stem on the stinging area for one to five minutes depending on severity, and eventually the juices that the plant secrets will numb the stinging, itching sensation and inflammation will go down. This method was developed by Native Americans in North America and passed on to [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] tradition and other places where nettles and bracken fern thrive.
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===[[Brandy Syrup]]===
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A mixture of lemon juice, honey, and brandy.  It clears your sinuses and soothes sores throats.  It acts essentially as a home-made cough syrup.  If a younger individual is taking the mixture and doesn't like the brandy taste the brandy can be left out, but some of the soothing results will be lost.  The lemon juice cuts through blockages, the honey protects raw areas, and the brandy kills bacteria and numbs the throat.
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Alternately, the mixture can be served warm.  It's best to take the mixture in small doses, roughly 2-4 tablespoons.
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===[[Brittle Nails]]===
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Nails breaking? There is a cure! Brittle nails are caused by many things but the main reason is water. When nails are in water, they expand and become weak thus causing them to break. A way to make nails stronger is by eating cauliflower. Cauliflower helps strengthen nails because it contains biotin which thickens nails preventing them from creaking. The biotin is absorbed through the core of the nail making them thinker. Another cheap and effective way of preventing your nails from breaking is soaking your nails in vegetable oil regularly. This replenishes the moisture lost from being in water so much. To ensure nails from breaking cutting the nails short will help. This is because longer nails tend to break and tear very easily. The best time to cut your nails is right after you get out of the shower or bath. This is when the nails the softest and least likely to break.
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Brittle nails can also be caused by a lack of olive oil in one's diet, so making sure to incorporate it into one's daily diet can help to create stronger nails.  Also, brittle nails can benefit from eating jello... the bone marrow in the jello helps replace the lost calcium in one's system and helps nails to be stronger.  On that train of thought, simply increasing the calcium in one's diet should help brittle nails become strong.
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===[[Bronchitis]]===
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Bronchitis is a respiratory condition caused by inflammation of the bronchi within the lungs. Typical symptoms of this infection includes fever, difficulty in breathing, constant coughing and loss of appetite. Having been through chronic bronchitis three times in the last four years, I have learned a few handy ways to get through this draining condition.
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First off, a large contributor to the contraction of bronchitis is smoking, for it irritates the bronchi leaving the vulnerable to germs inhaled. Obviously, kick the habit if you truly want to avoid bronchitis.
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Next, it can be extremely hard to sleep through the night if you have bronchitis because of the constant coughing so I suggest that the best way to catch some Z's is to attempt sleeping while sitting up. Choose a comfy recliner and make that your bed for a while- elevating your lungs opens them up and helps prevent coughing attacks.
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In some health-food stores and co-ops you can find liquid aloe-vera which my grandmother ingests every single day to prevent her chronic coughing. I prefer to take "Tussin" which is the knock-off brand of "Robatussin". It focuses on your lungs without hyping you up or making you drowsy.
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To fight the inflamation in your lungs, take ibuprophen or another similar anti-inflammatory.
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One home remedy (that I've never experienced first-hand) used to treat bronchitis is to take one teaspoon of raw onion juice. Raw onion juice has been found to have expectorant properties liquefying phlegm within the lungs.
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=== [[B.R.A.T.Y. Diet]] ===
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Drop the Pepto and saltines! The BRATY Diet is a great diet to abide by while suffering from the flu or common upset stomach.  The foods listed in this diet are very simplistic and are easy digest while you are sick (aka- you're more likely to keep these down long enough to glean some nutrients from them). Each letter in the world "B.R.A.T.Y." stands for a specific type of food; B: banana, R: rice, A: apple sauce, T: toast, and Y: yogurt (plain, unsweetened). 
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Notice that none of these five foods contain any dairy products.  It is always important to stay away from dairy when one is dealing with the flu because it doesn't sit well with one's churning stomach.  However, one might also notice that yogurt is included in this list, and yogurt is commonly considered a dairy product.  But, yogurt is special.  Yogurt is the product of bacteria consuming lactose in milk, and it is the lactose that causes irritation of an already upset stomach.  Yogurt actually helps the upset stomach by reintroducing helpful bacteria into the digestive system.  For more information, go to www.AskDrSears.com.   
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In addition, the foods listed in the BRATY Diet are very plain and don't have much of a taste which can make eating easier while one is sick.  The BRATY Diet is highly recommended because it is a sure way to consume foods that are easy on one's stomach while one is sick with the flu.
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===[[Broadleaf Plantain]]===
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Plantain is a small, leafy plant found in the Northwest and other moderate climates of the world, and it has been used to treat medical problems from malignant ulcers to snake bites. In fact, the plant is known commonly in the US as Snake Weed, because of a belief in its efficacy against various poisonous bites. It has also been used as a diuretic, a treatment for rabies, and for internal hemorrhaging; however, it is probably not effective against all of these ailments.
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One thing it does work well against, though, is a bee sting. It is a very simple remedy: one simply chews 2-4 leaves (enough so that the paste will cover the sting thoroughly) until they form a fibrous paste, then applies this poultice-like substance to a sting. The pain and inflammation generally subside in a matter of minutes.
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This practice comes from Anglo-Saxon culture; many of the earlier references to plantain come from Scottish highland culture. It is mentioned in Chaucer's writing, as well as in several of Shakespeare's plays (''Love's Labours Lost'', ''Romeo and Juliet'', and others).
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===[[Burns]]=== 
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So have you ever burn your self on a hot pan or just by grabbing something hot? People will tell you to run it underneath cold water for twenty minutes which works but is only a temporary fix that will last for an hour or so. Next time you burn your self run up to your bathroom and grab your tube of crest tooth paste. Apply a dab of tooth paste and slowly rub it into your burn for a minute or so. You will find that it immediately remove all pain and helps to keep the swelling and blistering down. The nice thing is that you only have to do this once and you're set and will have a speedy recovery and be able to get back to the kitchen and cook up a storm. See Also [[#Toothpaste|Toothpaste]].
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Another good remedy is using potatoes. When you get a mild burn, take a potato and either cut a slice or use a grater and grate enough to cover the burned area. Take that slice or grated potato and place over the burn and leave it there for five minutes and then remove and rinse with cold water, if it wasn't a bad burn then by the next morning it should be completely healed. Also works if you burn your mouth, just chew a bit of raw potato (without the skin) and it will feel a lot better. Obviously if you have a bad burn, forget the potato and get medical attention. I think this idea originates from South America, but I am not positive.
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Another cure for burns is vanilla extract!  You just put it on the burn and it helps in the prevention of callases and burn marks.
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The best remedy for minor burns at home is an onion.  All you need is a white onion (not a sweet onion) to cut a slice from.  Place the onion slice on the burn as soon as possible.  The vapors and acids in the onion dull the nerves that sense the pain and the evaporating vapors will cool the skin.  Leave on for at least several minutes then rinse well with cool water.  There is not one specific origin of this. This does not contradict the other remedies, it is just another useful one. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===Burnt Toast===
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If you have an upset stomach, diarrhea, or gas, consider eating some burnt toast for breakfast. You can put butter or jam on it to make it taste better but make sure to eat the black part. The charcoal from the burning of the toast will absorb bad bacteria in your digestive tract that is making you ill. The charcoal will then carry the bacteria all the way through your system and out. This works because the charcoal absorbs the bacteria but your body will not later reabsorb the charcoal. You may eat the burnt toast alone or with other things depending on how you feel. The only risk associated with this remedy is the risk of failure. If you are experiencing nausea and eat burnt toast and it doesn’t work you may see the toast again all too soon. This trick is used in a variety of places but my source of knowledge originated in the house of a priest in Uganda.
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Other cures for an [[#Upset stomach|upset stomach]].
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===[[Butterbur]]===
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[[Image:butterbur.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Butterbur]]
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Butterbur is an herb that originated in South Africa. It is also found in Europe and parts of North Africa and Asia. This plant grows in damp, marshy areas and along riverbanks with large heart-shaped leaves. Herbalists in the Middle Ages used butterbur’s roots to treat fevers and plague. Later on in the seventeenth-century, butterbur was used for headaches, asthma, allergies, and coughs. Recently, researchers have found that a daily dose of butterbur is effective at preventing [[Wikipedia: Migraine|migraine]] headaches. The butterbur extract contains anti-spasmodic and anti-inflammatory properties which help prevent pain by keeping the blood vessels in the head from becoming inflamed.
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The butterbur extract has been proven to be safe for adults as well as children who suffer from frequent migraines. Candidates for this supplement suffer from frequent attacks that are greater than or equal to two per month, totaling three or more days.  Candidates may also have recurring migraines that significantly interfere with one’s daily routines. Supplements of the butterbur extract generally come in 50 mg capsules. Adults commonly take one supplement three times daily for four weeks, then take one capsule twice daily for the following four to six months. If migraine headaches return, it is advised to restart the process by taking the butterbur supplement three times a day for four to six month. Children six to nine years old generally take one butterbur capsule daily for a constant four to six months. Children ten to seventeen years of age are advised to take one supplement twice a day for four to six months as well.
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Butterbur extracts can be found in your pharmacy and vitamin shops. Supplements containing butterbur extracts are natural and do not produce harmful side effects. Through clinical studies, patients who took the herb twice a day for an extended amount of time had nearly half the amount of migraines.
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===[[Calms Forte]]===
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A problem many people face is having trouble trying to get to sleep. Calms forte is a simple and homeopathic solution to this problem that also relieves nervous and stress related symptoms.  In a simple tablet available in chewable form, several ingredients combine make up a solution to a full night’s sleep with no side or after effects. These tablets are safe and anyone, regardless of age, can use this simple remedy. According to Hyland’s, calms forte contains the following ingredients that aid in sleeplessness:
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Passiflora 1X Triple Strength - for restless or wakeful sleep
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from exhaustion
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Avena Sativa 1X Double Strength - for stress, nervousness or
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nervous headache
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Humulus Lupulus 1X Double Strength - for drowsiness with
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incomplete sleep
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Chamomilla 2X (Chamomile) - for nervous irritability
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And the following biochemic phosphates for enhancing cellular function:
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Calcarea Phosphorica 3X HPUS, Ferrum Phosphoricum 3X HPUS, Kali Phosphoricum 3X HPUS, Natrum Phosphoricum 3X HPUS, Magnesia Phosphoricum 3X HPUS
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Visit Hyland's website for more information on calms forte. [http://www.hylands.com/products/calmsforte.php Hyland's]
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This is an easy and enjoyable way (if the tablets taste nice) to finally get to sleep and experience a feeling of calm replacing other stressful thoughts or feelings.
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===[[Caffeine]]===
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Caffeine may be used to lessen the symptoms of [[#Asthma|asthma]], as it is similar to theophylline, a drug used in medical treatments of asthma. Just a couple cups of coffee (or another caffeinated drink such as Mountain Dew) can help one breathe better during an attack. However, it is important to keep track of how much caffeine you take in, as high amounts of caffeine can interact with drugs and make you more susceptible to stroke. Due to these risk factors, caffeine should not be a replacement for prescribed asthma medication, but may be used in a time of need when an inhaler is not accessible. This remedy has been used for years in the United States, but became most prominent in the 1990s when the results of new asthma studies hit the media.
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Caffeine also helps minimize or temporarily alleviate feelings of drowsiness. Caffeine stimulates the central nervous system. It affects increase adrenaline and levels of serotonin, improving consumer’s mood. With it’s capabilities of limiting drowsiness, a person has the potential to increase their mental or physical labor. Beverages such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, and energy drinks are all known for their caffeine effects. These caffeine products are very popular in our American [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] especially in the workplace because of caffeines link to increased productivity.  The amount consumed correlates to the amount of stimulation. However, this amount varies by the consumer. A person’s age, weight, liver functions, medications consumed, and other variable conditions will regulate the outcome of the substance.
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Because it only disguises feelings of tiredness, need for sleep may be forgotten.  Other negative effects occur when overuse of the stimulant as presented prior. Use in moderation.
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===[[Caffeine for migraines]]===
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Caffeine can be used to help alleviate the symptoms of a migraine. Many over the counter pain medications have caffeine included in the ingredients. Caffeine additives make pain-relievers more effective in treating headaches by helping the body absorb the medication more quickly, which in turn helps bring relief faster. While too much caffeine may cause migraines and other headaches, caffeine taken at the right time preceding a migraine attack along with a pain reliever can greatly reduce the severity. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Society]]
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===[[Caffeine]]===
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Caffeine is a known home remedy to treat asthma attacks. By consuming two cups of coffee (or another drink with similar caffeine content), one can breathe easier during an asthma attack when there is no access to an inhaler. However, consuming caffeine should not be used as a replacement for long term control of asthmatic infliction. There are health risks involved with increased amounts of caffeine; therefore, one should measure and track how much caffeine is consumed. Health risks involved with greater consumption of caffeine include: drug interactions, increased susceptibility to stoke, anxiety, sleeplessness, and many other side effects depending on sensitivity of persons.
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Caffeine has only been found to aid as an analgesic, helping many with headaches among other aches and pains. This is most often taken into account when caffeine is paired with an already known pain reliever, such as acetaminophen, to increase the likelihood of alleviated discomfort. However, in acute pain related patients, caffeine intake alone of 65 mg was found to be as effective as 648 mg of acetaminophen.
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The use of caffeine as remedy for asthma attacks has been used for years in the United States, and became most widespread in the 1990s when the results of new asthma studies were announced to the public.
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http://i16.photobucket.com/albums/b28/haileinator/Larson.jpg
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===[[Camphophenic]]===
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Camphophenic has many minor uses in relieving different kinds of pain. It usually consists of an ointment or an oil that can be applied directly to minor cuts and burns in order to temporarily numb the affected area. My personal favorite use of this ointment is on canker sores. It takes away the pain for several minutes and promotes healing. Camphopheic is also very effective  for arthritis pain when applied locally. It is generally always free from side effects. The main ingredient in this ointment is Camphor. It a white transparent waxy crystalline solid with a strong penetrating aromatic odor. It is found in the wood of a tree called Camphor Laurel, a type of evergreen tree generally found in Asia (Borneo and Taiwan to be more specific). Camphor helps with blood cirulation. It is readily absorbed through the skin and produces a feeling of cooling similar to menthol and acts as a slight local anesthetic. Similar products to Camphophenic are Tiger Balm, Fastum Gel, and Watkins menthol camphor ointment.
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===[[Cannabis]]===
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[[Image:Cannabis_sativa.jpg|thumb|Right|(300 × 448 pixel, file size: 68 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)|Cannabis]]
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The female species of Cannabis or Marijuana is known primarily in the United States as an illegal drug whose buds or flowers can be smoked or eaten to create a "high". Cannabis also definitely has many healing properties. One in particular is arthritic pain. It has been found that a small amount (about half a gram) of Cannabis each day can help to ease the pain cased by arthritis. The main chemical is Cannabis that creates the "high" that reduces pain is known as THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). When THC enters the brain it binds with the protein receptors of membrane nerve cells. One result of this is a "high" that numbs or reduces arthritic pain. Cannabis use dates back to around 6000 B.C. when its seeds were used for food by the Chinese. Since then it has become a fixture within countless cultures world wide for uses of all sorts. As a modern day pain reliever Cannabis fit into [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Culture]].
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Cannabis is used widely within subcultures of the United States and Western Europe as an alternative inebriant to alcohol.  Many find that it is safer, does not impair their everyday activities, and there are no negative day after effects.  Many choose to cook the cannabis into "ganja food" in order to offset the ill effects of smoke on the lungs.  It is commonly used to treat mild pain, stress, and insomnia.
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The use of cannabis has also been used for the alleviation of nausea in cancer patients going through chemotherapy. That combined with the added effect of making the patient hungry allows them to eat when their condition wouldn’t allow them otherwise. This process has been used in certain [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Culture]] where the plant has been allowed by law to use for medical purposes.
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Cannabis is also widely used by and legally prescribed to patients with [[w:glaucoma|glaucoma]] in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Culture]]. The THC chemical found in cannabis has been proven to lower the intraocular pressures associated with glaucoma and also prevents optic nerve damage. Cannabis is most effective when smoked and the general requirement for glaucoma patients is about .5 grams every 3 hours or so. The plant is illegal in the United States, however, and a prescription must be obtained for legal use.
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===[[Cayenne Pepper]]===
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This pepper is most commonly used to spice dishes but has been used for centuries for medicinal purposes.  One of the main uses is for poor circulation.  No other herb on the planet gets your blood moving faster than the cayenne.  A good dose to start with would be 1/16th of a teaspoon.  Those not used to this little dynamite could burn their mouth off.  Powder is preferred to the pill form.  When your tougue tastes the powder it is instantly absorbed and will start moving blood. Another way in which cayenne pepper is used to treat physical ailments is in tea form.  A home remedy for [[Ethnomedicine_By_Illness#sore throats|sore throats]] can be made by combining 1 cup of steaming hot water, 1 teaspoon of honey, 1/2 teaspoon of fresh lemon juice and a dash of cayenne pepper (or whatever is tolerable) in your favorite mug.  Sip as often as necessary for pain relief however pay attention to the amount of cayenne pepper used for each dose to prevent burning and inflammation. In [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Culture]] it is common for home remedies to be comprised of ingredients available to the average household such as lemon, honey and cayenne pepper. 
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Cayenne has also been used by the Chinese for digetive purposes such as reducing gas and poor digestion.
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=====cayenne pepper for nasal decongestion=====
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When you have a stuffed up nose, put a small amount of cayenne pepper on your finger and breath it in. This rush of heat breaks up the flem and allows you to breath easy. Your nose might burn for a few minutes but the overall affect is that your nasal passage is clear of mucus.
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====[[Cayenne Pepper Diuretic ]]====
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This is a home made diuretic drink mix.  Combine Cayenne pepper, lemon, and a little maple syrup in a gallon jug with water.  Consume servings of about 8oz. every morning.
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===[[Chamomile and Ambience]]===
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To cure any case of insomnia, you can never go wrong with a nice warm cup of [[Wikipedia:Chamomile|chamomile]] tea, accompanied by some ambient music.  This is even suitable for parents out there who want their children to get to bed.  Different than other teas, chamomile is an herbal tea, and therefore doesn't contain any caffeine, which is known to interupt one's [[Wikipedia:R.E.M.|R.E.M.]], or deep sleep.  Chamomile tea has a history of soothing the nerves; and the icing on the cake is that it boosts activity within the immune system, therefore preventing illness.  Chamomile works especially well if your insomnia can be attributed to discomfort due to gas, because chamomile’s a natural anti-inflammatory, and reduces gas.
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===[[Chamomile Tea and Whole Wheat Snack]]===
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This remedy is extremely effective in helping to cure sleep problems, such as [[#Insomnia|Insomnia]], or to simply induce steady, restful sleep.  Any night that one feels tense, or unable to properly fall asleep, it is safe to take this natural remedy about an hour before one's desired sleep-initiation.  When one wakes up in the middle of the night, this remedy also works to the same end.  Take one mug of water heated in the microwave for approximately one and a half minutes and submerge the chamomile tea bag in the warm water until desired taste is achieved.  However, it is most effective to just leave the tea bag in the mug throughout intake.  Then, accompany this with a whole wheat snack of wheat thins, an oatmeal raisin cookie, or other small whole-wheat solid.  If a low-key environment is provided as well, this remedy should put you right off to sleep.  The whole wheat will serve to increase the production of serotonin in the brain, which induces the sleep-ready state, while the chamomile also works to calm one's nerves and provide the right environment for rest. 
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Drinking too much tea before bed, however, can leave one waking up mid-sleep for restroom breaks, so it is important to only have about one mug of the chamomile tea.  This remedy should also, definitely not be accompanied by any Jack Daniels or the like, due to the fact that alcohol actually interrupts your sleeping patterns and can wake you up early in the morning before you are completely rested.  And one does not want to be missing out on precious R.E.M. sleep, does one?  More information on natural methods of improving health  and sleeping patterns can be found at http://www.thedietdetective.net/pages/toptopic.php.
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Hot tea also helps sooth sore throats and is good to drink before bed to relieve dryness of the throat, causing coughing which can prevent people from falling asleep.
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===[[Chicken Noodle Soup]]===
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[[Image:Bowl_of_chicken_soup.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Chicken noodle soup.]]
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One way to let your body heal itself through the process of a common cold is a steaming hot bowl of chicken noodle soup. Though there is no medical proof that chicken soup has any particular healing powers, it has several beneficial qualities that may alleviate cold symptoms. For one thing, eating chicken soup may inhibit inflammation in the nasal cavity. This may vary depending on the type and amount of spices use in the soup. The spicier the soup is, the more likely it is to reduce nasal blockage. In addition, the steam produced by an especially hot bowl of soup will also work as an agent for clearing the nasal passages. Chicken soup has even been said to produce mucus which is the body’s natural way of soothing a sore throat. Furthermore, studies have shown that the ingredients in chicken noodle soup help to produce white blood cells which help the body to ward off disease. It has been theorized that the high salt content in soups, especially chicken noodle soup, help the body absorb the germs and toxins that make you sick. When the salt enters the body and breaks down, it bonds with other chemicals in the body, helping to flush out the system from the inside out. The amino acids found in chicken noodle soup are also helpful in aiding the healing process.
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Perhaps, though, the best way that chicken noodle soup helps us fight the common cold is by providing us with comfort and relaxation. Chicken soup is a reminder of home, mothers, teddy bears, and Disney movies. And while the physical symptoms of the common cold may remain, chicken soup at least helps people to forget them for awhile.
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As far as dosage and frequency of use is concerned, that is up to the individual. Chicken soup should be taken in conjunction with regular exercise and a balanced diet in order to prevent obesity or malnutrition. It should be eaten at a reasonable temperature as to avoid burns or other injury.
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Chicken soup is commonly used in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] as a cure for colds but it dates as far back as Ancient Egypt. It was also used by Persians in the 10th century and Jews in the 12th century. Today it is used by many cultures around the world.
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See also: Miso Soup.
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===[[Chinese Food Therapy]]===
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Chinese Food Therapy is an ancient practice which uses natural foods for healing instead of medicine. In this traditional method, foods are divided into two categories: yin and yang. Yin foods have high water content and decrease the body's heat, thus lowering metabolism, while yang foods have high food energy and increase the body's heat, thus raising its metabolism. The ideal thing to do is eat equal amounts of both types of foods to maintain balance and to prevent diseases and disorders. For example, eating a yin food can cure dryness of skin and chapped lips, and eating a yang food can cure dizziness and weakness. If you have too much of a certain type of food, you can become sick. If you eat too much yang food you will suffer from acne, and if you eat too much yin food you may become anemic. Chinese food therapy dates back to 2000 B.C., and is most popular among Cantonese people, even today.
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===[[Chocolate]]===
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Its true! Women all over the world rejoice, because it has now been proven that chocolate is good for you! Studies have proven that in moderation dark chocolate can help in the prevention of heart disease and other heart-related issues. Much like a glass of red wine, dark chocolate helps to keep those passages clean and prevent heart attacks and other potentially life-threatening heart conditions. .
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===[[Cinnamon]]===
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That awesome tasting powder you see on french toast and creme brulee has another purpose besides just tasting good.  Cinnamon is used by some people as a supplement to boost the immune system, and it is believed to have antibiotic properties, as well.  Thus, as well as preventing illness, it can be used when you are sick for an immune boost.
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===[[Citric Fruits]]===
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Citric Fruits not only are good tasting but have many benefits to staying healthy. Oranges, grapefruits,lemons ect., all are rich in vitamin C. Vitamin C not only stops the onset of scurvy, but can help prevent the common cold, and has been proven to help reduce cardiovascular disease.   
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The reason Vitamin C is so commonly attributed to curing colds is because of its anti-oxidants. Anti-oxidants help build the immune system and fight the bacteria that cause the cold. Eating many fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C will help keep people healthy, but that might not always be enough so taking a vitamin C supplement can also bust the immune system. 
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===[[Coca Leafs]]===
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[[Image:Erythroxylum coca.jpg|thumb|right|225px|Leaves and berries]]
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Despite its notorious reputation and the affects it has had on American society, the actual leaf from which cocaine is extracted has been used as an herbal remedy for hundreds if not thousands of years. The leaf is genarally found in the Andean reigons of Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Bolivia. It is used on a regular basis for altitude sickness, fatigue, hunger relief, to quench thirst, stop motion sickness, as a antidepressant, and as a stimulant (like coffee). The leaf its self is most commonly chewed or masticated with cal, however it can also be administered in different forms. Although the coca leaf is the raw material used to create cocaine; it does not have the toxicity or dependence as its narcotic counterpart.
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=== [[Coca Cola/ Coke Syrup]] ===
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If you have an [[w:upset stomach|upset stomach]], a good way to relieve it is by drinking coke syrup or flat Coca Cola.  Coke syrup is the base for the soda pop Coca Cola.  If you let a can of Coca Cola sit out for about 30 minutes the soda will lose its carbonation and go flat.  By letting the bubbles dissipate it prevents your stomach from being further upset from the carbonation.  You can either consume one teaspoon of coke syrup or a half a can of flat soda.
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The idea behind this remedy is that the syrup acts to neutralize the extra acid in your stomach when it is upset.  This cure is counterintuitive because it would seem like it would further upset it because of the carbonation of the soda, but if it is flat or just the coke syrup it avoids this negative consequence.  Some of the positive effect of this remedy might be psychological.  Also if you are feeling sick, drinking something sweet makes you feel better.  This cure seems to be especially effective at settling an upset stomach if feeling nauseous or vomiting.  This home remedy is very effective because it also tastes good so it is easy to drink.  Other people have also used  similar soda pops, such as sprite or ginger ale to settle an upset stomach.  <Sara Ehlers>
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===[[cod liver oil and apple cider vinegar]]===
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Both consuming cod liver oil and washing your hair with apple vinegar can help prevent and actually slow down the process of [[#Baldness|balding]]. Simply drink one tablespoon of cod liver oil and rinse your hair with a mixture of half a cup of apple cider vinegar and half a cup of water once a day. Unfortunately, cod liver oil does not have a pleasurable taste or smell, and the smell of vinegar can also be somewhat unpleasant. However, there are not any major risks of using this treatment. In fact, taking cod liver oil can also help lower your risk for cardiovascular disease and improve your skin. Both cod liver oil and apple cider vinegar have been used in the US for years, but this particular combination is somewhat rare.
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=== [[Cold Compress]] ===
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[[Image:Clinical thermometer 38.7.JPG|thumb|right|200px|A thermometer]]
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A [[#Fever|fever]] is a symptom of numerous diseases. It is not necessarily a bad thing, and may even speed up the healing process. Some people try to ‘burn off’ a fever, by drinking hot liquids and wearing warm clothes/burying themselves in blankets. However, if the fever gets too high this can be dangerous. The brain and other organs may suffer permanent damage. In this case, medicine is used to bring down the fever. But what if there is no medicine available, or if the patient’s body won’t accept it? The best option then is to apply a cold compress to the forehead. Ideally, it should be cold but not frozen. It should be left on as long as necessary, and replaced when it warms up. More drastic cooling methods can be dangerous because they can reduce the body’s ability to fight off disease and make the body more susceptible to new diseases.
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A cold compress can also be used to treat eczema flareups. Eczema is a general term for rash-like skin conditions. Scratching makes the condition worse and can even lead to a bacterial infection. Applying a cold compress to the area of irritation can help stop this. The compress will reduce the inflammation and lessen the desire to scratch. This practice works best at the first sign of a rash in order to stop it from getting worse. However, it can be used at any point during the outbreak.
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=== [[Cold Pack]]===
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A cold pack laid over ones head can help relieve the pain caused my a [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Migraine|Migraine]] headache. This remedy will help people who describe their migraine as throbbing or piercing pain. Most migraines are one sided and with a cold pack you can target the area of your head that needs treatment. You can use a cold pack as often and as long as the pain persists, if the pack is too cold try wrapping the pack in a dish cloth and then reapplying to the area in pain. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Migraine|Migraines]] and their treatment are a common part of [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Society]]
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=== [[Cold Spoon]] ===
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Using a cold spoon can prevent swelling around the eyes after crying, from irritation or from injury. Put a metal spoon in the freezer and let sit for at least one half hour. When ready, rub the bottom of the spoon slowly back and forth across the bottom eyelid. If needed let the spoon get cold again and repeat the process. Don't have any moisture around the skin of the eye to prevent the cold spoon from sticking. This remedy is used in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture_2|Western Culture]], passed down matrilineally through the author's family.
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'''Not recommended in the case of eye disease without consulting a physician.'''
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=== [[Cold Washcloth]] ===
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The use of a [[#Cold Washcloth|cold washcloth]] over closed eyes helps to constrict blood flow within your eyes. This aids in '''reducing [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Red Eyes|Red Eyes]]'''  because the restricted blood vessels stop pumping blood into your eye.  Also, the cold washcloth helps add moisture to your eyes which will help get rid of any unwanted material within your eyes.  This is a typical medical practice of the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Society]].
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=== [[Cold Water]] ===
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Bloody noses, though inconvienient, are a common occurance.  The best way for getting rid of a [[#Bloody Nose|bloody nose]] is to soak a wash cloth in cold water and while that is happening drench the top of the victim's head in cold water as well.  Then, ring the wash cloth out and firmly place it on the victim's forehead, holding it there with pressure until the bleeding stops.  Make sure to keep the wash cloth cold, this could mean switching out the wash cloths in order to keep them as cold as possible.  This technique originates in the Philippines.
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In dealing with bloody noses it is also important to have the victim pinch their nose, and lean forward, NOT BACKWARDS.  If the victim tilts their head backwards it will cause all the blood to run down the back of their throat into their stomach and they will eventually vomit up blood.  This is a very bad thing, so lean forward and let all the blood out if you have a bloody nose.
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===[[Comfrey]]===
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Comfrey can be used to treat a wide range of maladies.  To treat intestinal illnesses like dysentary or diarrhoea, 1/2-1oz of crushed comfrey root can be boiled with 1qt of milk or water.  This mix should be taken frequently in wineglass-full doses until the problem clears up.  Comfrey is also a good topical treatment.  The leaves, mushed up, can be applied to sprains, swelling, boils, and cuts.  The entire plant, ground to a pulp and used in a poltice, has been used to sooth tender and inflammed parts of the body, even having been applied raw to ulcers in earlier times.
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===[[Common cold and Bronchitis]]===
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A home remedy that one can use is Chamomile tea.  This tea is used to or decrease any upper respiratory infections such as colds or bronchitis. Bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchial tubes. This tea includes the Chamomile plant, honey, and lemon. This can be used to treat colds or bronchitis when one is having any type of symptoms of the common cold or bronchitis. One can continue drinking this tea as long as it takes for the illness to go away completely. One can take as much of this tea because it is not harmful, it is rather good for you. It has antioxidants in it as well. Chamomile can be bought packaged at any big store. A pinch of chamomile is used in a cup sized cup with boiled hot water. A tablespoon of honey is then added with a tablespoon of lemon. This altogether is then mixed together and is set for one to drink. You can drink a cup of this as frequent as three times a day, morning, afternoon, and at night. There are no risks or counter indications that she has heard of. This is most commonly used in the Hispanic culture. This originally came from Mexico used for the same idea, colds and bronchitis. In other words,it is more of a Mexican culture to do although the Chamomile tea itself is a common tea within the American culture. For a picture of the Chomomile flower go to the following website. http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Image:Chamomile%40original_size.jpg
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In [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group #Vietnamese_Culture|Vietnamese Culture]], they have a few unique ways of dealing with a common cold.  You can eat rice gruel laced with onion. Xông is an herbal steam bath which you take under a blanket. Usually during this process there is a pot sitting with you under the blanket excreting a herbal aroma, and it helps to clear sinuses. This process usually lasts until the pot stops steaming and the sinuses are cleared. CÃ¥o Gio, this is where one rubs a coin or spoon across certain parts of the body, usually the back and sometimes the face. The process of CÃ¥o Gio usually lasts until the areas rubbed turn red. All of these are natural cures however, CÃ¥o Gio can be rather painful. All of these remedies are from the practice of Vietnamese medicine called [[Disease_Prevention_Practices#Thuoc_Nam|thuoc nam]].
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===[[Concentration]]===
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Concentration may help to stop hiccups. While hiccuping the first few times is a physical reaction when your diaphragm has an involuntary spasm that causes a quick rush of air to close one's glottis, after the first few, it is a mental reaction. One is able to terminate hiccups simply by reminding themself that the hiccup is a result of the mind comprehending the onset of hiccups. One must focus intently on the next hiccup: imagining the feeling and picturing the glottis closing with the quick rush of air. If one concentrates long enough, the hiccups will mostl-likely stop.
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===[[Corn Starch for Athlete's foot]]===
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Athlete's foot is a skin disease caused by a fungus, usually occurring between the toes. The fungus most commonly attacks the feet because shoes create a warm, dark, and humid environment which encourages fungus growth. The warmth and dampness of areas around swimming pools, showers, and locker rooms are also breeding grounds for fungi, hence the name “athlete’s foot”.
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In treating athlete’s foot with corn starch, one should rub the corn starch on the infected area until the area is completely covered, then leave it sitting for at least 15 min. Repeated actions may be necessary if itching or redness does not recede. Watch for allergenic reactions to corn starch, which may result in further itching and redness.
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This treatment is most common among the peoples of the southern United States. It is most commonly used by athletes who are constantly under the above described conditions.
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===Cottage Cheese===
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[[Image:Cottage Cheese.jpg|thumb|Right|A tub of cottage cheese]]
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An application of cottage cheese to the skin that has been affected by [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Stinging Nettle|stinging nettles]] is a common way to alleviate the pain associated with the nettles.  Apply cold cottage cheese to the area of the body that has had contact with the stinging nettles.  Slather the cottage cheese on and leave for 30-45 minutes before removing.  Repeat this process every 2-3 hours until relief from pain is experienced.  Do not apply this treatment to sensitive areas of the body that are around the eyes, ears, mouth, nose, or genital regions.  Mothers in semi-isolated areas of the American Pacific Northwest use this remedy to treat their children who have had skin contact with stinging nettles in their outside play.  Mothers believe this treatment to work because the thick consistency of the cottage cheese is supposed to draw out the poison of the stinging nettles thereby alleviating the pain.  [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Cough Drops]]=== 
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Cough drops provide temporary relief from the common cold and can be used to decrease the symptoms of coughs and sore throats. Specifically, herbal cough drops work increasingly well because they are natural and sooth any symptoms of coughing or sore throat you may have. You can use cough drops once every hour and they will not hurt you. Use a cough drop to give your sickness a temporary relief and once your symptoms return use another cough drop. Suck on them until your throat or cough is feeling better, just make sure you don't get too over-zealous and choke. You shold stop using cough drops if your sore throat is severe or if it persists for over a week or experience fever, vomiting, headach, rash, or swelling. This could be serious and you would need to see a doctor immediatly and stop using the cough drops.
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Cough drops are common throughout the world, but they are most often used within Western Culture. American's, especially, like to fool themselves into feeling better, so using cough drops dulls the pain for just a little while. They also help if one is going to sing or give an important speech (or so they like to think).
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===[[Corns]]===
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A foot corn occurs in areas of pressure and causes a section of thickened skin.  The skin thickens in order to protect itself from the excessive pressure that is being applied regularly to that area.  This eventually causes a great deal of pain.  Corns are normally located on the surface of the toes and often appear between the toes.  In order to avoid corns you should avoid wearing shoes that are very tight fitting.  This will reduce the pressure on the foot.  In order to treat a foot corn you should place a moleskin pad over the corn to allow for some cushioning and relieve some of the pressure that is exerted on the foot.  You should also soak your foot with warm water and Epsom salt.  This should be done for at least 5 minutes, three times a day.  This will help the corn to soften.  Another treatment for a foot corn is using a pumice stone on the corn.  This is used to file down the corn and remove part or all of it. 
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===[[Cramps]]===
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Most women at some point in their life will experience menstrual cramps. While taking medicine such as Tylenol is good. The best thing to do is to apply heat. Good ways to do this are to take a warm bath, apply a heating blank/pad or to use a hot rice bag. (best if applied to the lower back/tail bone area). The heat helps to lessen the tension in the muscles. A person should do this until the cramps go away or for however long they desire. Cramps usually last 1-3 days so that is the only time when its necessary. You can do this a frequently as you please or are able to. The only problem with this is that its not always convenient. They do have patches that are warm that you can stick to your skin, but I have never tried them. Another risk is that the heating pads can get too hot and can burn you. So be careful. Using heat for cramps are not just for women, it is used in most of the world. Although women in Western societies seem to have more severe cramps, or at least an emphasis on severe cramps, therefore it’s most seen in Western societies.
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Menstrual cramps are caused by two kinds of painful menses in which can be cured if done correctly. The pain with menstruation was not taken so seriously back then, but now it is very serious. The time of the month for women is not the best feeling ever which causes headaches, bloating, agitation, and other mood swings. For best results, it is always good to drink a hot cup of tea or water which relieves the discharge that is causing the pain. The cramps help push out the menstrual discharge in which you may come in contact with blobs of blood. Do not worry it is normal for a women to discharge while on their menstrual period.
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Women tend to complain about menstrual cramps and how they affect their body. Sometimes they blame their menstrual cramps that they have gained a few pounds here and there. Menstrual cramps are a dull and aching feeling to the body, especially the lower abdomen. Sometimes this pain may cause vomiting or mind headaches which changes a woman's change of mood. The best results to prevent or calm down a menstrual cramp is to take it at ease, no pressure. If possible, take Midol or Pamprin which are over the counter drugs made for menstrual cramps. Other drugs that are available are also Tylenol and Ibuprofen. Exercising may reduce the pain, but do not put too much pressure during the first couple of days. Walking and yoga are two good examples of exercises that help loosen the muscles but do not over work the body. Overall, menstrual cramps and cramps in general are a regular experience in a person's body whether it be menstrual or not. If the body is taken cared of correctly then the pain may be reduced. Today in the U.S., menstrual cramps are often taken care of by taking over the counter drugs and taking warm baths.[http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/CONSUMER/CON00004.html][http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/aha/aha_dysmen_crs.htm]
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Menstrual cramps are an everyday part of life for most women, and some experience these cramps more frequently and with more pain than others.  While there is something to be said for Midol (yes, it just might be Heaven sent), there is always a certain amount of caution that should be observed when taking medications for any sort of pain.  At a certain point, one's body becomes used to the perscribed dosage, and then the ante must be upped.  This is not necessarily healthy.  So, to counteract this scenario, or at least try to prevent it, if one is able, one should look to more natural methods of relieving cramps.  Number one, chocolate should be consumed daily during the first few days of menstruation.  Okay, kidding... well, half kidding.  There are certain ingredients in chocolate that can help, at least indirectly.  It may not relieve the cramps themselves, but it certainly helps to improve those mood swings that seem so prevalent during "that time of month."  On a more serious note, and in regards to the cramps themselves, exercise is highly recommended.  From a swimmer's perspective, vigorous exercise was found to be a wonderful way to not only alleviate the cramps, but regular exercise also helps to make the menstruation period shorter and the flow lighter.  Unfortunately, there really is no "cure" for cramps, or any of those symptoms that women may or may not have, but there are certainly ways to make things just a little bit more bearable.
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Another quick thing to do that helps eliviate the pain of cramps is water.  Water is good for everything, but for some reason it especially helps when it is "that time of the month."
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=== [[Cranberries]] ===
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For thousands of years, women have had health issues that reside in the lower region of the stomach near the bladder. These “women’s problems” tend to be very painful and therefore women have long been searching for remedies. This remedy is cranberries. It is thought to have first been used by the Romans while inhabiting what is now England. Although it was not documented until 1578 by herbalist Henry Lyte. The most common species of the cranberry used in America is the “American Cranberry” which is grown in North America. The cranberry has been long studied by scientists and is a remedy for many types of things.
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As mentioned earlier, the cranberry is most commonly used for urinary infections. If the infection is caught by the early by the ill person, use of cranberries, by juice or pills, will prevent the infection from turning bacterial and therefore requiring the use of antibiotics and, in severe cases, pain medications as well. Daily ingestion of cranberries, again by juice or supplements, can also prevent urinary tract infections instead of just seizing them. Cranberries due to the same acid, Quinic acid, can also prevent kidney stones, which is the reason that cranberries have a sour taste to them. It is always better to use cranberry juice that is unsweetened or capsules. Capsules are to be used daily during and infection along with frequent ingestion of the cranberry juice. It is also a wise idea to use the capsules daily in an order of prevention although not necessary.
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While cranberries are most often used for urinary tract infections and kidney stones, and best known for those particular uses, scientific information shows many other uses of the common cranberry. It has also been known as a good remedy for illnesses including diarrhea, constipation, gout, and rheumatism. In the past, they were used to prevent scurvy. They are also, like most fruits, a good source of vitamin C and fiber. Cranberry has been a useful remedy for thousands of years and still is for many around the world today.
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===[[Cranberry Juice]]===
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Regular consumption of cranberry juice can lead to regularity of the urinary tract.  Besides it's many other healthful properties, cranberries act as prebiotic, and can prevent [[#Urinary Tract Infections|urinary tract infections]].  It prevents the growth of harmful bacteria such as E. Coli and promotes the growth of beneficial lactobacillus. This is a common remedy used in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#western culture|western culture]].
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As an herbal supplement, cranberry juice supports urinary tract health and boosts the immune system with vitamin c.  As a major commercial crop in North America, cranberries have become a part of our food habits in [[wikipedia:Western culture|Western culture]].  Dosage is recommend daily with pure cranberry juice, no sugar added.
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===[[Cucumbers]]===
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Sliced cucumbers have been known to cure swollen and irritated eyes. Just cut the cucumber into thin slices and place over the eyes for 5 minutes. Repeat as needed. If cucumbers arent around, soak a tea bag in cold water and place over the eyes for 5 to 10 minutes, this will also help with swelling.
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===[[Dancing]]===
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[[Image:Théodore Chassériau 006.jpg|right|200px|Dance can be done individually or with company]]
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Dance Therapy can be very soothing and realigning you with your emotions.  This is one of the greatest ways to relieve [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Stress|Stress]] or even lose weight. There are Dance Therapists you could go to, but there is no need.  You put on some fun music with a beat and let your body move.  How long you dance depends on you.  If you are really down, you could dance for like thirty to forty minutes.  Sometimes just a quick ten minute break is all that is needed.  It doesn't matter if you are good or bad.  The movement is just to be a break from this busy world. You bodies movements tell you mind how your body is feeling.  Like jumping up and down tells your mind it is happy.  If you do not express your emotions, you could become even more stressed.  To make this even more fun, you could invite a couple friends. One problem is if you have any health problems with moving such as arthritis that putting too much stress on joints would effect, you may want to consult your doctor.  Dancing was also commonly used in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#African_Culture|African society]] by the medicine men and some [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Native_American_Culture|Native American societies]].
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===[[Dandelion]]===
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[[Image:dandelion.jpg|right|thumb|Dandelion]]The term [[w:Dandelion|dandelion]] (Taraxacum officinale) comes from the French term meaning "tooth of a lion," referring to the shape of the flowers lobes. Native Americans use dandelion tonics as a means for maintaining an all-around healthy state. These tonics are made by steeping a small handful of leaves into one cup of hot water. Half the tonic is to be drank in the morning and the remaining half in the evening. Depending on the desired effects, tonics can be made milder by using young dried leaves, or stronger by using young, green leaves. Depending on the strength, these dandelion teas can be used as a stimulant, diuretic, or a means to relieve stomach cramps. Dandelion leaves also serve as a good source of vitamin A.
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===[[Dandruff]]===
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Dandruff is the excessive shedding of your head's skin cells. It can happen to anyone at any age but mostly occurs between the ages of 12 and 80. There are internal and external causes of dandruff. The internal causes are hormonal imbalance, poor health, poor hygeine, allergic hypersensitive, lack of rest, emotional stress, excessive consumption of sugar, fat and starch, improper nurtrition and hereditatry predispostition. External causes are excessive uses of hairsprays or gels, improper use of hair coloring products or excessive use of hot curlers or curling irons, cold weather and dry indoor heating, stress and anxiety, and infrequent shampooing of hair or inadquate rinsing of scalp and hair.
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With all of those causes there must be something you can do. Dandruff shampoo is the answer. There is no right or wrong when it comes to dandruff shampoo, if it works for you, then it works. When using a product it is recommended that it is used continually. When the shampoo is not used the dandruff will retun. Thorough cleansing and rinsing of the scalp and hair will keep flakes at bay for up to three days. It takes the scalp three days to make a new batch of flakes. Continued use of a dandruff shampoo that works for you will keep the flakes away.
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===[[Dark Chocolate]]===
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Dark chocolate helps to prevent and also improves iron levels in the blood. This is especially beneficial for people that are anemic. [[Home_Remedies#Dark Chocolate|Dark Chocolate]]
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should only be consumed in moderate amounts such as roughly an ounce of dark chocolate a day. The iron in this will help keep the iron levels high in one's blood stream and also doesn't taste bad like iron pills. Depending on the severity of the disease, dark chocolate alone cannot cure the disease but is meant to assist. Remember to take into account not to eat the chocolate in excess because of over indulgence and also keep in mind that other supplements such as iron pills work more efficiently. Traditionally this is used by the Western Society for more information see [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western Cultures|Western Cultures]].
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[[http://www.faeriesfinest.com/images/products/chocolate.gif]]
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===[[Distilled Spirits]]===
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Though the used of hard liquor as a remedy may be frowned upon by some traditionalists or puritans, there are many who will swear by its advantagous properties. Alcohol has a history of use for both pain relief and the sterilization of medical instruments. Although it may only be a temporary solution, there are few remedies that will alleviate a hangover better than alcohol itself. Another use, though not as widely known is the combination of alcohol and spicy food to "sweat out" a fever.Alcohol is used for these purposes as well as many others world wide, but traditionally it has seen the most use in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Cultures]]
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[[http://www.metrotimes.com/sb/91516/b8stopone.jpg]]
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===[[Doc Leaves (Rumex obtusifolia)]]===
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The best cure for being stung by stinging nettles (Urtica dioica) is to find a 'Doc' leaf which when rubbed against the affected area eases the pain caused by the stinging nettle. The nettle releases acid onto your skin which swells the surface and causes pain and itching. The amount of 'Doc' leaves needed to stop the pain and swelling is dependent on the area that has been stung but on average one large leaf should be enough. The 'Doc' leaf should work almost straight away. There are no risks associated with this and even without a 'Doc' leaf the effects of the nettle should subside on their own. This remedy for stinging nettles is used mainly in Western cultures, this is because it is most commonly found in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western Cultures|Western Cultures]]. Doc leaves usually grow near stinging nettles, this accounts for the natural antidote to one of its neighboring weeds.
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===[[Drinking Backwards]]===
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A great cure for hiccups that is used is drinking water from a cup backwards. In other words, drink from the opposite edge of the cup, instead of the closest edge. This involves bending forward funny, but has been found to discontinue hiccups. It is only necessary to use while you have the hiccups, but occasionally more than one time is necessesary. Just be careful, it can get messy the first time, but if you have hiccups often, you will become experienced at this, and it is not as complicated as the water-pencil trick. A possible medical explanation may have to do with its qualities of distraction.
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===[[Drinking Water Upside-Down]]===
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Another effective cure for curing [[#hiccups|hiccups]] is drinking water upside-down.  If you get a mouth full of water, then get into a hand stand position, then drink the water while you are upside down it is a good way to get rid of hiccups.  Generally after one time the hiccups should be cured, but one downfall of this method is that sometimes the water goes down wrong and you may start to choke.  This remedy is effective because it distracts you from the hiccups and when you are thinking about something else, it causes them to go away.
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=== [[Drinking Water With Nose and Ears Plugged]] ===
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An effective way to cure the [[#hiccups|hiccups]] is through drinking water like most ways but with a twist. While drinking you should plug your nose and your ears. It's a mix between holding your breath and drinking water and can be very tricky. A tip is to plug your ears with your thumbs, plug your nose with your pointer fingers and use the rest of your fingers to balance the glass. Drink as much as you can until you are out of breath. This usually works with the first use but may need to be repeated.
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=== [[Dryer Sheets]] ===
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Dryer sheets don't just remove static from clothes but they can also remove static cling from hair. When having a bad hair day rub the dryer sheet over the part of your hair you want fix and it should remove friz fast and effectively. For women in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] image is important and so hair must look perfect at all times.
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=== [[W:Duct Tape|Duct Tape]] ===
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Duct tape has many uses, one of which is for removing [[#warts|warts]].  Many people simply cut a small square of all purpose duct tape and leave in place for a week.  It falls off from time to time so just re-apply as many times as are necessary.  After the end of the week the tape is removed, then soaked in water and scrubbed with an emery board or pumice stone.  Leave the tape off for the night and then repeat this cycle as many times as are needed.  This can take up to two months although it is usually finished after the first month.  There may be slight irritation on the skin but is nothing serious and will go away when the treatment is complete.
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http://familydoctor.org/209.xml
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This is a nice home remedy because much outside help is not needed and it quickly takes care of your warts. By using the simple steps described above you can get rid of a wart in a matter of a few weeks or days, rather than years. Since a wart is an infection that thrives on wetness, another good way to speed of the process of removal is to change the tape often and make sure it stays as dry as possible. Duct tape is a good way to take care of warts because warts are usually in easy access tape areas such as feet or hands. More information about this remedy can be found at: [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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[[Image:Cling duct tape.jpg]]
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===[[Ear Candling]]===
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[[Image:Candle2002.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A candle.]]
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[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ear_candling Ear candling], also known as ear coning, is a therapeutic technique developed to help cleanse the ear canal and clear [[Ethnomedicine#Decongestion|congestion]]. It began about 3,000 years ago with the Egyptians who would coat reeds with wax to purify themselves before ceremonies and rites of passage. This practice has moved into the American Indian and South American cultures but have some differences between them all due to availability of materials. In the United States an 11-inch long hollow beeswax and cotton candle is used by placing the larger cone-like end on the outside of the patients ear. After lighting the candle, it is said that the heat creates a vacuum which extracts toxins and excess earwax (cerumen) from the ear canal that otherwise could have clogged the ear, sinus, and throat areas. The process usually takes about ten minutes per candle and the practitioner will know the time is up when the candle is about two inches tall. A full treatment will take around 45 minutes because sometimes up to two candles are used per ear. Some say that after an ear candling procedure has been performed you can cut the candle in half and actually see the toxins in powder form and the wax that was released from the ear. A lot of controversy surrounds this practice because there have not been significant medical tests that prove the benefits claimed by some manufacturers and patients. Many people swear by this technique and claim they feel a huge positive change in themselves after having it done. Western medicine generally does not support ear candling and instead focuses primarily on the risks involved. The dangers are all fairly similar to each other: ash from the burning candle falling into the ear, hot wax dripping onto the outter ear, or worse, hot wax falling onto the ear drum. Any of these risks can lead to immense pain, infection, an ear clogged with candle wax, or in rare cases, hearing loss due to hot wax dripping onto the ear drum. To minimize your risks, you should always see a licensed practitioner who is fully trained in ear candling.
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http://www.colonhealth.net/ear_candling/candhist.htm
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http://www.earcandling.com/index.html
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===[[Earache]]===
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Earaches are incredibly painful and can be caused by mild infection or a change in altitude. The most common symptoms are ear pain and fever.  They usually last for 1-2 weeks, but may last longer and become chronic.  There are a few ways to seek relief from the pain of an earache.  One solution is to sooth the ear with warm air from a hairdryer (make sure it is on the warm setting, not the hot setting).  Another solution is to puncture a piece of garlic and put the juice into the ear.  This helps the pain because garlic has a natural antibiotic.  If the earache is a result of altitude change you should chew gum or yawn to relieve pain.  Swimming may also be the cause of an earache.  If this is the case, put some mineral oil in the ear before going in the water.
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====warm oil====
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Another way to sooth the ear is to poor warmed oil baby oil into the ear. This sooths the pain.
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===[[ Egg Yoke]]===
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[[Image:Raw egg.jpg|200 px|Yellow Egg Yoke]]
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Teenagers and adults alike suffer from acne. The surface of one’s skin contains millions of pores. These pores have the potential to be filled with dirt, oils or bacteria. As bacteria builds up, such forms of acne as blackheads or zits are formed. Acne can be both painful, socially unattractive and can leave behind heavy scarring to the face and body. Doctors have gone through great lengths to find a way to both prevent and heal existing acne. However, these treatments can take an extended amount of time to see results and can be quite costly.
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If time and money does not allow, a simple at home remedy can be preformed to heal an outbreak of acne on the face. The origin of this remedy is unknown; however it has been practiced in the US for several generations. Before going to bed for the night, one should wash their face with a facial soap and water. Next, one should crack open an egg and separate the white egg yoke from the yellow egg yoke. The yellow yoke should then be applied to the surface of the face, excluding the eyes and mouth. Contact to such areas could be potentially harmful, so be sure to rinse well with water if such contact does occur. One should allow the yoke to dry on the skin until it becomes tight and crinkly. This will take between ten to fifteen minutes. Do not be alarmed. The skin will feel very tight and itchy. After the yoke is dried, one should rinse the egg yoke from the face with water and dab the face dry with a towel. In the morning, one should wash the face with soap to take off any remaining residue. Within two to three days of this procedure, one will notice an improved complexion. Preform treatment however, long needed. If face becomes red or irritated, don't use as frequently.
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--[[User:Mcculloch 00775743|Mcculloch 00775743]] 16:44, 11 March 2007 (UTC)
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===[[Eggplant]]===
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Closely allied to the potato, [[#eggplant|eggplant]] requires a warm climate to be grown in and is seen in eastern and southern Asia, as well as the United States. It is a fair source of potassium, iron, and protein, but the main benefit of eggplant is its high fiber content. The high amount of fiber helps digestive function and lowers the risk of coronary heart disease. Eggplant has also been seen beneficial in treating uterine tumors. Although it is not common for eggplant to be eaten routinely, its effects are positive to any diet.
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===[[Emergen-C]]===
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Emergen-C is a “Flavored fizzy drink mix” that includes 32 mineral complexes and 7 mineral ascorbates that help boost energy and prevent illnesses such as the common cold. It is to be taken two to four times a day mixed in a glass with four to six ounces of water. The group that this supplement is prevalent in would be people who are concerned about their health or people who get sick a lot and want to prevent another illness. Emergen-C also serves as an antioxidant, helps prevent heart disease, works as a natural antihistamine, and is thought to help protect smokers or people who have been exposed to second hand smoke. Not to mention it is said to cure hang overs! ...It's perfect for college students. Emergency has recently become a popular supplement in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]].
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http://www.mothernature.com/Library/Ency/Index.cfm/id/2929001
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http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v337/areviranit/alaceremergen-c.jpg
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===[[Emu Oil]]===
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Emu oil is useful as a topical remedy.  When applied to a sprain shortly after it is acquired, emu oil will greatly reduce the amount of swelling and bruising that occurs.  Used to treat insect bites, it calms the burning/itching sensation.  It has also been shown to ease the pain of arthritis. This is because it has anti-inflammatory properties.  It has also been used to reduce skin wrinkles, moisturize dry skin, and have applications as a scalp treatment for dandruf.  It is very apt to enter the skin, so many other products for skin care are mixed with it to capitalize on this property.
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Applied directly, 2-3 times a day in a moderate amount, one should see positive results when using it as an anti-inflammatory, such as less pain, reduction in swelling, and faster healing time for bruises.  About a drop of emu oil will cover an area the size of the back of a hand, so generally one doesn't need a lot to serve the purpose.  It can also be applied in a bath, by adding 1/2 to 1 teaspoon to the water and soaking for as long as is desired.  When used for cosmetic skin care, it is usually found in other products, but would only need to be applied once daily if using pure emu oil to treat wrinkles.
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Use of emu oil originated with Australian Aboriginies.  It contains linolenic acid, which is know to ease joint pain, and oleic acid, which works as a local anti-inflammatory on the skin.
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=== [[English Breakfast Tea]] ===
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English Breakfast Tea made from Eucalyptus leaves is readily available at any grocery store. It has many natural antioxidants but I have found it is extremely effective at soothing a sore throat. Prepared hot with milk and honey it is a good tasting drink perfect for helping out the common cold.
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[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ethnomedicine#Sore_Throat]
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=== [[Epsom salt bath]] ===
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Epsom salt bath is a home remedy for soars, blisters and splinters, and other open wounds. To prepare this remedy, just fill a large container up with warm water and Epsom salts and soak a wound in it. This should feel relaxing and relive some pain. Soaking these sorts of wounds in Epsom salts can help to fight infection, and also soften up any foreign bodies inhabiting the wound. Epsom salt can also help out your immune system in fighting any bacteria or disease that may have infected you. If you soak an open wound at least once a day for at least 15 minutes, wounds heal faster, look better and seem to get less infected. There is really no downside to doing this too much, other than waterlogged appendages, and wasting time, both of which are non serious conditions. This remedy was learned by my mother studding at Bastyr Naturopathic University, and has been long practices in alternative medicine.
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http://www.macgill.com/PhotoLibrary.aspx?pid=1425.jpg&w=200&sub=photos&const=true
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Epsom salt baths are also used to relax sore muscles.  Simply pour two cups of epsom salts into a warm bath and soak for 10 to 15 minutes.
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=== [[w:Eucalyptus|Eucalyptus]] ===
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[[Image:Eucalyptus flowers2.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Eucalyptus flowers]]
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Eucalyptus is a tree native to all parts of Australia, the leaves of which are used to make Eucalyptus Oils. Eucalyptus has been used as a mouthwash, tick repellent, headache alleviator and most commonly as a decongestant. Eucalyptus Oil is often an ingredient in nonprescription cold medicines, but should never be taken orally by itself.  Instead of ingesting eucalyptus, the most effective way to reap its benefits is using eucalyptus oils in the form of aromatherapy. In this use, the mere scent of eucalyptus opens sinuses, making breathing much smoother. Breathing eucalyptus clears the entire head almost immediately and is said to induce a feeling of calm or relaxation. Aromatherapy use of eucalyptus provides temporary relief of decongestion, but is not a cure and should not be treated as one.
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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration does not strictly regulate the use of herbs, so one should be careful of how much Eucalyptus they use and watch very carefully for side effects. Negative effects include skin rash, worsening of asthma and a lowering of blood sugar levels. Eucalyptus should never be ingested orally because it can lead to nausea, internal bleeding, seizures and even death. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should also avoid contact with eucalyptus because of its toxicity.
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===[[Evening Primrose Oil to prevent PMS]]===
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Evening primrose is an attractive herb that grows in mild climate of North American and Europe as well as many other areas of the world with similar climates. Evening primrose oil contains substantial amounts of polysaturated omega-6 fatty acids, essential fatty acids (EFA’s) which are needed by the body to regulate a number of activities including insulin utilization, heart function, and mood. Since the body does not produce EFA’s, they must be ingested through proper diet or supplementation. Evening primrose oil may help to relieve pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS), symptoms of menopause, and breast pain due to hormonal changes during menstruation. Supplementary GLA, such as is supplied by evening primrose oil, appears to relieve some PMS symptoms. However to relieve PMS symptoms Evening Primrose Oil must be taken daily at least three weeks prior to menstrual cycle, and must be taken daily until you wish to quit taking this supplement. Most experts have recommended 3000 to 6000 mg of Evening Primrose Oil per day.
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===[[Exfoliation]]===
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Exfoliation is a form of skin treatment that helps remove dull, dead skin cells, polishes the skin and promotes the penetration of other skin products such as lotion.  Exfoliation helps treat dull or dry skin by using the fingers or an applicator to use physical friction and pressure to slough off dead skin cells.  An exfoliating ingredient such as crushed oyster shells, apricot pits or even cornmeal is used.  Exfoliation should not be used on acne or fragile skin-types, as it may lead to irritation.  Exfoliation should also not be used too often as it can cause the skin to callous; 2-3 times a week is the general rule.  Exfoliation has been used all over the world for centuries to treat dull skin.
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===[[Eye Cup]]===
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[[Image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Stone.png|frame|Eye Cup]]One would use an eye cup to get rid of any unwanted bacteria buildup within the eyelid. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Sty|Sty]] are common throughout the world.  It is an infection or inflammation of the secretory glands of the eyelids. This common infection or inflammation results from blocked glands within the eyelid. When the gland is blocked, the oil produced by the gland occasionally gets backed up and forms a lump, which can be red and painful.  The eye cup can be used to clean out the eye and wash out the glands.  The idea is to use the cup 3-4 times daily with warm (NOT HOT) water mixed with a little bit of sulphur.  Blink as many times as possible for about 45 seconds.  This remedy is very common within [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Hispanic culture|Hispanic culture]].
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===[[Fennel]]===
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Fennel, its formal name is Foeniculum Vulgare. Fennel is native to southern Europe, namely the Mediterranean. Fennel is used for infants and small children in order to cure colic, croup or gas. It is also used for congestion, bronchitis, and asthma. It can be commonly found as an ingredient in cold medicines. For a woman who is nursing it can be used to increase the flow of breast milk, for woman in general it can be used to increase breast size. Also, commonly used for better breath. Much cheaper than breath mints and has many more health benefits.--Rotter 00750682 3/10
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===[[Fenugreek]]===
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Fenugreek, its formal name being Trigonella foenum-graecum, which translates to three angled Greek hay. Fenugreek is native to the Europe and Asia areas and was commonly used by the Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians. It is now commonly cultivated in India, Africa, Egypt, Morocco, and a little in England. This seed could easily be considered a cure-all due to the multitude of ills that it can prevent or cure whether externally or internally. Externally the paste of fenugreek seed, which is made by mixing 1oz of fenugreek with 1 pint of water, can be used to treat abscesses, boils, carbuncles, and other skin issues of that ilk. Internally fenugreek seed has been known to treat bronchitis, fevers, sore throats, swollen glands, diabetes, ulcers, and even cancer. One will see fenugreek more commonly used as a digestive aid, as a way to promote lactation, and as an aphrodisiac. It has also been found to lower blood glucose levels in lab tests done with animals.
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Fenugreek can easily be taken through out the day due to the fact that the crushed seed has a maple-like flavor that can be slipped into one’s favorite cookie recipe or the jelly of their peanut butter and jelly sandwich. But be careful how much is consumed. Fenugreek is used as a laxative in some cases and shouldn’t be taken in too large of amounts right away. So, when using fenugreek seed one should start with a small amount and logically progress from there until they find the amount that is right for their body’s comfort level.
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Rotter 00750682 3/11
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=== [[Ferns]] ===
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[[Image:Tree Fern.jpg|thumb|left|Fern the Remedy]]
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A plant common to the US and Europe, and more specifically the Pacific Northwest is the stinging nettle (Urtica dioica).  It is a green, weed-like plant.  It has a slender stem, with thin leaves and in the summer time it buds flowers.  It generally grows to be about 2 to 4 feet in height and its leaves and stem are covered in tiny hairs.  (Information from http://www.naturepark.com/snettle.htm)  At first glance these plants may seem harmless, but anyone who has ever brushed up against one knows the pain and discomfort that follows. Upon touching the plant, one receives a sharp sting; equivalent to a bee sting.  When human skin makes contact with the nettle, tiny hollow hairs break off of the plant, releasing formic acid and histamine. These irritating chemicals are what causes the little white itchy bumps, or stings on the skin.  There can be multiple stings, depending on how much contact was made with the plant.  Without treatment, this pain can last several hours to days.  However there is a very accessible cure for [[#stinging nettle|Stinging Nettle]].
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[[Image:Urtica_dioica_fresh.jpg|thumb|right|Patch of Stinging Nettles]]
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If one does not have access to creams, there is a quick and natural remedy that can be obtained with ferns, such as the Western Sword Fern and the Deer fern.  They have been used for several years to ease the pain of stinging nettle bumps.  Conveniently these ferns are also native to the Pacific Northwest. To stop the nettle irritation simply break off a fern leaf and rub the underside of it directly on the stinging area. The fern spores will neutralize the sting and relief the pain. This treatment can be repeated every so often until the sting subsides. However, a fresh leaf must be used with every application.  Another method, that can be applied using the Western Sword Fern, is to detach one stem from the base of fern.  The inside of the stem contains a juicy substance.  This substance should be rubbed over the whole infected area.  A quick soothing sensation will soon settle in, contrasting to the burning effects of a nettle sting.  The origins of both these fern remedies are unknown, but can be used in places where the Stinging Nettle and specific fern type grow in the same environment.
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===[[Feverfew]]===
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[[Image:Feverfew.jpg|250px|thumb|left|Feverfew...]]
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Feverfew is beneficial in the treatment of migraine [[#headaches|headaches]]. Should be taken regularly (every 4-6 hours) by chewing the leaves. There are precations to take when using feverfew. Feverfew should not be used during pregnancy because of the stimulant action on the womb. The fresh leaves may cause mouth ulcers in sensitive people. It can be found growing on rocky slopes, walls, waste places and a weed of gardens. Itis native to south-Eastern Europe and Asia.
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===[[Foods to Prevent Hangovers]]===
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A hangover is a nasty consequence of too much alcohol. It has been suggested/recommended that after a long night of over indulgence to eat something sweet (such as a cookie, donut, ice cream, etc.) right before bed. In the morning, you shouldn't experience the terrible symptoms (headache, nausea) associated with a hangover. The amount you consume depends on the person and how you are feeling. This method works for some people but is not guaranteed for everyone, considering that everyone experiences hangovers quite differently or not at all. This home remedy is usually used by a wide variety of ages--from college students to middle aged adults. This method was passed down to the writer from their family.
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There are some other easy remedies for hangovers.  One thing to do before going to sleep is to drink a lot of water.  One of the main reasons of a hang over is the dehydration from lack of water.  Drinking water can take away a lot of the nausea and the headache away in the morning.  Another way to eliminate the sickness is to each a lot of bread before drinking.  The bread will absorb some of the alcohol making is less hard for the body.  Not only does this eliminate the hangover a lot of the time, but it is a good prevention of alcohol poisoning which could kill you.
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===[[Foot Soaks]]===
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Foot Soaks are used within [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western-_Culture|Western Socities]] to cure [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Ingrown_Toenails|ingrown toenails]].  You are supposed to soak your foot for 15 minutes, this will soften the skin around your nail.
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===[[Four in One]]===
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Many people are aware of the benefits of tea: it contains herbs and natural stimulus that are helpful and it can help with sore throats or congestion. There are four main ways tea can be used to heal all using the same cup of tea. The first is that the vapors can be used by being breathed in to break up congestion in the nose and chest. The vapors make the nose drain so that the bacteria are forced to come out instead of staying in the body.This is effectively used by having the sick person sitting so that their head is over the tea cup and can sometimes be used by draping a towel over the head so that the vapors are not allowed to escape as easily. The person should breathe in the vapors for 5-10 minutes.  The second is that the hot cup can be applied to the chest giving a warm compress and allowing the chest to break up the mucus as well. Be sure that the cup is not too hot before applying it to the skin. If it is, try wrapping in a towel. The third is that the tea can be drank helping sore throats and also providing caffeine to help with headache. Finally, the tea bags themselves can be applied to enflamed lymph nodes on the face or throat to help with the swelling and the help in the breakup of mucus as well.They should be applied for 5-10 minutes. This method works best with a tea such as black, earl gray, or peppermint. Also, honey can be added to the tea (be sure to remove the tea bags first) to add to the medicinal healing of the tea. This home remedy is used in many parts of the country and all over the world owing to the fact that tea is readily avaliable around the globe and has been used as a healing substance for thousands of years. The sick person can use this method as much as they like, until the congestion and sore throat subside.
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=== [[Frozen Spoon]] ===
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Somehow hickey’s seem to appear when they are least wanted, including activities such as prom pictures, dinner out with the parents or even church. Hickey’s can be hard to cover up with make-up, but by applying a frozen spoon to the hickey you can reduce and size and visibility of it. Place a spoon in the freezer for 12 minutes, remove and apply to the hickey for five minutes and then off for five minutes. Repeat this for 30 minutes or until the spoon warms up again. I would recommend doing this once a day for two days. There are no risks associated with using a frozen spoon to reduce the visibility and size of a hickey. Using a frozen spoon as a remedy against hickeys can be used on anyone, any age suffering from an embarrassing hickey. This remedy is most known in the western culture.
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=== [[Garlic]] ===
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Garlic has been used for hundreds of years for culinary and medicinal purposes.  Unbeknownst to most, it was through regular consumption of garlic that monks managed to stay healthy during the outbreak of the pneumonic and bubonic plagues. Garlic is good for colds and infections. It has been recommended to use for ear infections. Simply put pure garlic oil (available at most health food stores and co-ops) into the infected ear for a few days, or as long as symptoms persist. Also, if you feel a cold coming on, a good way to fight it (or at least decrease the duration) is to bake an entire bulb on garlic for about 25 minutes or so in the oven (350 degrees), wrap it in  tin foil and let it bake unti it turns to a paste, and then cut the top off and spread it on toast or crackers. It is a good way to get the vitamins in garlic without the sharp taste, as roasted garlic is much less pungent than fresh (although fresh is always best). Many people take garlic supplements, but most add it to wahtever dish they are preparing, in abundance! Another home remedy garlic is used for is jock itch. Jock itch is when the moist area of the body becomes warm and starts to sweat which causes itching. Jock itch mainly occurs around the genitals, inner thighs, groin area and buttocks. Great amounts of garlic may be used in food in order to cure jock itch. This is due to the fact that garlic has antifungal qualities which help the infected area.
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[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===[[w:Garlic|Garlic]]===
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For a large majority of the population, backache is an everyday problem.  It is a problem that can be very painful and make normal tasks quite difficult.  Fortunately there is a remedy to greatly reduce backaches.  This remedy is simply a treatment using garlic, which was supposedly used by Native Americans. 
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Garlic is an onion-like plant of southern Europe having a bulb that breaks up into separable cloves with a strong distinctive odor and smell.  The treatment is very quick and easy to make.  All it is, is an oil made from garlic.  First, take ten garlic cloves and fry them in 60 ml of oil (sesame, coconut, or mustard oil will work).  Slowly fry the cloves until they turn brown.  Wait for the oil to cool down, and then rub it generously on the back every morning for three hours.  After the three hours are up, take a warm bath.  Repeat this treatment for at least fifteen days, and the back pains should be significantly reduced.  (no known side effects besides irritation of the skin)  http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/All_Garlic_Ail_Ajo.jpg/800px-All_Garlic_Ail_Ajo.jpg
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Backache is usually felt in the middle of the back or the lower back area. It may even lead to the waist and hips.
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There are many causes of backache some of them being: muscular tension, straining of joints, poor posture, and incorrect nutrition resulting from an inefficient diet and lack of exercise. There are other causes such as sitting for a long period of time, lifting weights improperly, stress or emotional problems that can lead to pain and causes muscle tension, and from wearing high heals.
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The most important remedy for backache is garlic. I know it sounds weird, but [[Ethnomedicine: Garlic|garlic]] is a very efficient healing tool in this particular case. You must take two to three cloves every morning. As meantioned above,  you must also make an oil to be rubbed on your back (in the area where the pain is) for relief when soar. This oil is made by frying ten cloves of garlic in 60 miligrams of oil in a frying pan. You can use an oil from mustard oil, sesame oil to coconut oil depending on your choice. This mixture should be boiled on the stove until brown. After it is cooled, rub on back and let it stay there for three hours. After the three hours you need to jump in a warm-water shower. The backache should go away within fifteen days with this treatment.
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Garlic can also be used on may skin disorders, including pimples. Pimples can disappear without scarring when rubbed with cloves of garlic several times a day. Taking garlic orally (garlic capsules) helps also.  GArlic purifies the bloodstream which can lead to the long term clearance of skin.
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Garlic can help eliviate pain but what about the smell it leaves on your behind?  We all know garlic and onions and other foods of the same sort can leave behind a REALLY strong smell.  A way to get rid of that smell after you have used them to cure any pains is to rub your hands or the "smelly" area on stainless steel.  The metal in stainless steel pulls all the oils off of your fingires!
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===[[Gatorade]]===
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Drinking Gatorade aids in treating symptoms of the flu.  The flu is a disease that might lead to dehydration and many symptoms problems with the stomach.  Gatorade is perfect for treating some of these symptoms because of it's original intended use.  Gatorade was made to help the Florida Gator's football team replenish the electrolytes lost by sweating in the severe humidity found in the state.  One of the main ingredients is saline which also happens to be used to prevent and treat the flu.  By rehydrating the body the immune system is more able to have a successful immune response to the flu virus.  It also aids in the treatment of [[#stomach ache| stomach aches]].  It's most useful to drink 2-3 bottles a day for as long as symptoms persist.  Depending on the individuals taste preferences it may be best to drink one of the less sweet flavors like lemon-lime as opposed to fruit punch.  Too much of such a sweet drink can make it very unappealing after a while, or even cause the symptoms to worsen.  Gatorade is associated with [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]], and although it wasn't intended for this use, it's role as a sports drink makes it perfect for treating the symptoms of influenza.
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=== [[Ginger]] ===
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The Chinese use ginger to help digestive processes, and treat upset stomachs, as well as a plethora of other stomach related problems, as well as some heart conditions.  Ginger is also known to help with some motion sickness (thus the reason airlines always carry ginger ale, if you haven’t noticed).  The intake of ginger varies, but the common forms are ginger root (in teat), ginger ale, and ginger snaps (small cookies).  This is a relatively casual remedy and is most often used in cases of mild nausea or some form of indigestion.  If you are having stomach problems, simply drink an ale, a tea, or have some cookies, if you have a history of stomach problems, have a ginger drink with or before your meal.
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===[[Ginger Ale]]===
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Ginger has been known to help ease [[#stomach ache| stomach aches]] and pains. However, I don't know many people who have access to ginger. I know I can't just go outside and rip some ginger out of the ground. But don't fret for there is a simple, inexpensive alternative! Head on down to your local grocery store (if your stomach ache doesn't have you doubled over or passed out from the pain) and buy some Ginger Ale! It helps soothe the stomachs of those who don't have ginger roots laying around their house. But be careful, there are some Ginger Ales made that don't actually have ginger in them and it doesn't work without the ginger! Which is why some think of most Ginger Ale as simply having a "placebo effect" on a [[#stomach ache|stomach ache]], as opposed to actually curing it. Since the products that do in fact contain ginger, are heavy on the artificial syrup and lacking on the real ginger.
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=== [[Ginger Tea]] ===
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[[Image:Zingiber officinale01.jpg|right|thumb|Ginger]]
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Zan Jafeel (in Farsi means Ginger for Ginger Tea) Ginger tea kills the common cold or flu by heating up the body. It is known for the [[#Ginger root|Ginger root]] to have many medicinal uses.Ginger is a root that is a natural warm, spicy food. For this reason, it also boosts the immune system. The best time to consume ginger tea is the first day the signs of a cold are noticed. It is also best to drink twice that day, once in the morning and once in the evening. A peeled ginger root, about two finger lengths, should be added to boiling water in a pot. After brewing, the water should be strained and poured into a teacup. There are no risks connected with drinking ginger tea. The only side effect it may have is on those who are not used to eating ginger, as it could result in diarrhea, like most [[#Hot food|Hot food]]. It is associated with both Middle Eastern and Indian cultures.
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=== [[Ginger Root]] ===
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Ginger root is very effective for treating a [[#Sprain|sprain]].  All that one has to do is heat the ginger root, cut it up, and apply it, with pressure, to the affected area (using a fabric to wrap it all together) until the pain subsides.  Repeat the heating and wrapping of the affected area until it is healed.  Do not use this method if the affected person has any allergies to Ginger.  This method originates in the Philippines.
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Ginger root also aids in the relief of [[#Motion Sickness|Motion Sickness]]. If put into powder form and taken orally, the powdered ginger has been proven to alleviate vomiting and cold sweating associated with motion sickness. Although ginger works to lessen effects of motion sickness, it does not provide significantly better results than the commonly prescribed medicines available for motion sickness. But it allows an alternative practice for motion sickness given the safety of ginger.
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===[[Goldenseal]]===
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Goldenseal is a native American medicinal plant introduced to early settlers by Cherokee Indians who used it as a wash for skin diseases, wounds, and for sore, inflamed eyes. Its roots are bright yellow, thus the name. Goldenseal root has acquired a considerable reputation as a natural antibiotic and as a remedy for various gastric and genitourinary disorders. Today it is used to treat symptoms of the cold and flu and as an astringent, antibacterial remedy for the mucous membranes of the body. When you have a cold or the flu it is best to by goldenseal drops, you put 4 drops into a glass of juice or water and drink. If this is done 3-4 times a day your cold symptoms should improve drastically.
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===[[Goldenseal with Mistletoe for Menstruation]]===
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This remedy is practiced to reduce the flow of a woman’s period. The treatment is given the second day of the period and continued until the bleeding stops. Powdered Goldenseal root should be the main ingredient in the treatment (a general dose is about 250mg per day). A third of the daily dose should be boiled in water along with a bit of Mistletoe until it has seeped into the water. The strong, bitter tea should be drunk at least two or three times a day during menses in order to lessen bleeding. Goldenseal as ah herb can be harmful to people with high blood pressure or heart conditions, and may have side effects including irritation of the mouth and throat, nausea, and digestive problems, however, these side effects tend to be very rare. This remedy was first used by Native Americans to treat mostly topical skin conditions, eye infections, diarrhea, and liver problems. The herb gained popularity in the early nineteenth century, and has had an ebb and flow of popularity since then. This particular incarnation of it isn’t necessarily popular among a certain group of people, but is lesser-known to most.
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=== [[w:Grapes|grapes]] ===
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Grapes are a vitamin rich fruit the grow on vines and are a member of the berry group.  One cup of grapes is about 100 calories, making it a healthy diet food to try on for size.  One cup also contains 2 grams of fiber, which is useful in maintaining ordinary bowel movements. Polyphenols, a form of antioxidant that occurs in grapes can prevent damage to the artery walls by cholesterol.  Grapes are even useful in curing [[#alcoholism|alcholism]]. Aside from the obvious necessity of no longer consuming alcoholic beverages, a diet of grapes, eaten three times daily every five hours will help reduce the need for alcohol.  Grapes contain the purest form of alcohol making them a great alternative to booze.  The patient must be willing to practice self-control as well or the diet will be a waste of time.
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http://www.lifescript.com/channels/food_nutrition/food_for_thought/grapes.asp
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http://www.home-remedies-for-you.com/remedy/Alcoholism.html
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===[[Grape Juice]]===
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[[Image:GrapeField.jpg|thumb|250px|Grapevines]]
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Millions of people around the world suffer from migraines. Hundreds of medicines have been created to cure migraines, but one of the simplest and cheapest ways to get rid of a migraine is to drink the juice of ripe grapes.
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This remedy is said to have originated with the legendary King Jamshed of Persia. King Jamshed was so fond of grapes, that he hid his jugs of grape juice and publicly declared them to be full of strong poison so that nobody would be tempted to steal them. His wife, however, was a migraine sufferer and one day had such a bad migraine that she decided to kill herself with her husbands ‘poison’. She took the grape juice several times, but to her surprise, she did not die and her headache was cured.
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Today many people drink ripe grape juice to relieve their migraines.
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===[[Grape Root]]===
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In the treatment of [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Psoriasis|Psoriasis]], Oregon grape root has been found to have helped reduce patches of affected skin. The root can be found in health food stores and seems to also help reduce bacteria and infections stemming from psoriasis. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Herbal gray tea and honey]]===
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This is a remedy for a sore throat or if you have a cough of some kind. This teatment is to be used when you already have a cough or sore throat; this remedy is not designed as a preventative measure. The dosage one should use could be somewhere around 1 and a half to 2 cups of hot water with one packet of gray tea, then add 1-2 table spoons of honey. There is no recommended limit of how many times per day one should use this remedy. Usually this drink is used more during the winter months when people are more susceptible to colds and flues.
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====green tea====
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Green tea is rich in antioxidants which help fight colds. To fight a cold or lose weight green tea is an excellent way to purify your body.[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Holy Basil(Tulsi)]]===
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Holy Basil(a.k.a. Tulsi) is an Ayurvedic medicine, and is highly venerated within the Hindu religion. it is used to treat common cold, headaches, stomach disorder, heart disease, differet types of poisoning, and malaria. one of its most effective uses is for fever. to treat a fever with Holy Basil, first make a decoction of twelve leaves by boiling them in a half a litre of water. then administer said concoction twice a day with half a cup of milk, a teaspoon of sugar(for taste) and a quarter teaspoon of cardamom, which will bring down the temperature.
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===[[Honey]]===
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Honey can be very useful in solving problems that deal with lack of good sleep. This can also be called insomnia. Like warm milk honey has a natural chemical in it that calms the body and makes it much easier to rest through the night peacefully. Take one large glass of water and add to it two tablespoons of honey and mix. If the water is slightly warm or even hot the honey will mix easier and not settle at the bottom of the cup. Take this mixture before going to bed each night.
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Honey has also been found useful in dressing burns. In many studies, wounds treated with honey have been found to speed up the healing process of burns, and also reduce scaring. Honey has a low pH, which makes it act as a very potent antibacterial agent, similar to hydrogen proxide. It is important to note that these experiments where carried out with pure, unprocessed honey.
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===[[Honey and Lemon]]===
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In the Western Culture, when someone is sick and has a really bad cough assosciated with the [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#The_Common_Cold common cold], often times it might be difficult to sleep at night. A home remedy that people might use is the honey and lemon together. The honey and the lemon mixed together will minimize the amount of coughs in the night and will relax the person. The honey and lemon will coat the throat with the honey to prevent coughing.  In a small glass dish add about two tablespoons of honey. To the honey, add about 3 drops of lemon juice. Heat the glass in the microwave for about fifteen seconds. Take three spoonfuls each night before you go to bed and continue each night as needed. Although this remedy has been passed down from different family generations, this method seems to work very well.  [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]].
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===[[Honey and Salt]]===
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[[Image:Honey-miel.jpg|frame|Honey and Salt]]
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In traditional [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Korean_Culture|Korean Culture]], Mixture of Honey and Salt is believed to be effective when the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Constipation|Constipation]] continues for long period of time. Mix 40g of honey and 8g of salt in 100ml of water and drink it daily. It is better to drink it in the morning with empty stomach. Drink it for 2~5 days should show significant improve. Long-term constipation often damages skin conditions. Honey helps to protect stomach, improve digestion and improve skin condition. Thus it is a perfect remedy for constipation. There is no significant side-effects, and it is safe to drink more than the subscription indicates. Constipation is caused by various different factors. It is important to drink enough water in daily basis and have balanced meals to prevent constipation in first hand.
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=== [[Honey Breathing]] ===
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A home remedy that is used to help asthma attacks is the use of honey breathing. When one is experiencing an attack he or she should hold a jar of honey under their nose and breathe slowly and deeply for several minutes. The person experiencing the attack should continue to breathe in the sweet honey smell until their attack weakens and it become easier to breathe. The amount of honey needed for this remedy is one jar or a bottle of honey that has a large opening. This method has been used by many people around the world way before inhalers were prescribed to people for their asthma problems.
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===[[Honey Dollop]]===
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A way to sooth the vocal chords and lubricate them to produce a nice even singing voice is to ingest a dollop of honey 5-10 minutes before one is to sing.  This significantly elimenates the scratchy unwanted flaws of the singing voice and helps to produce a clear sound.  The dollop should be about the size of a tablespoon or less.
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This remedy is used in Western Societies, but may be attributed to other cultures as well.
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===[[Honey-Lemon Juice]]===
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Many people suffer from at least one [[w:wictionary sore throat|sore throat]] a year, but a mixture of heated honey and lemon juice can make even the worst sore throat feel better. Combine two tablespoons of honey with one teaspoon of lemon juice and heat in the microwave for 10 to 15 seconds (or until heated to desired temperature). This remedy should be taken 2 to 3 times a day for two days or until the throat feels better. Prolonged or excess use of this treatment could cause tooth decay and possibly upset stomach. This concoction was modified from that of Swedish families who migrated to the U.S.
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There are different versions of the lemon and honey drink. Another version is lemon and honey tea. In order to make this, you will have to take two lemons and cut them in half. Next, squeeze as much lemon juice as possible out of the lemons into a medium-sized jar. For added lemon flavor, you may also scrape the rind of the lemon into the jar for lemon zest or even add in the whole lemon rind, after washing thoroughly. Next, add enough honey to submerge the mixture. The mixture may be refrigerated and it will be ready for the next time that you have a cold or a sore throat. In order to make the tea in the future, you merely have to boil water, pour some into a teacup and then add two to three tablespoons of the honey and lemon mixture to the hot water and stir.
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Another version is the old English folklore remedy for a cold, mixing the juice of a whole orange, half of a lemon, and a tablespoon of honey into hot water. This must be taken hot three times a day for three days at the onset of a cold. It is used to boost your immune system at the beginning of a cold and fight it off before it can bring you down.
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http://images.inmagine.com/168nwm/imagesource/is201/is201021.jpg
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===[[Honey Tea]]===
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[[Image:Black-tea.jpg|thumb|Honey Tea]]
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Honey tea can be used to treat a sore throat or coughing.  Honey tea can be bought in individual packets or easily made at home.  It can be simply made from placing about 1 or 2 tablespoons of honey in hot water.  Stir until the honey melts or the water turns into a dark yellow color.  Drinking honey tea should not cause any risks or symptoms although consuming too much may cause stomachaches.  A slice of lemon should also be added to this remedy.  The lemon helps to coat your throat.  The lemon also helps fight off the cold because it is filled with vitamin C which is an essential vitamin for cold prevention.    This remedy can be found worldwide and is quite effective.
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===[[Honey Wrap]]===
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If you ever have the misfortune of contracting poison oak, poison ivy or any other rash obtained upon contact with a plant, sooth it with honey. Apply honey directly to the plant induced rash. You can apply the honey any way that suits you. One suggested way is to use a syringe. If you use a syringe make sure to wash it well after use with hot water to dissolve and wash away any remaining honey. After applying the honey to the affected area wrap it gently with gauze to prevent a mess.  Allow the wrapped area to breath. Change the bandages two to three times a day.  The rash should clear up in a few days. There are no risks associated with applying honey to a plant induced rash as long as the honey is sanitary. Doctors in Uganda use this remedy to cure native plant related rashes.
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This remedy works because the honey draws the poison out of your skin and then is absorbed into the bandage. This remedy also helps prevent the rash from spreading. Keeping the rash covered limits contact with the rash thus reducing the risk of spreading it.
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However if this remedy does not work try [[#Poison ivy, oak, sumac|this one]].
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===[[Hot Food]]===
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The consumption of spicy hot food is a remedy used to cure symptoms of [[#The Common Cold| the common cold]].  Eating a spicy meal when relief from syptoms is desired has many beneficial effects, including clearing of the sinuses, increased circulation, and induction of heavy sweating- a process that is effective in removing toxins from the body.  Consumption of spicy food can even increase fluid consumption and introduce important nutrients into a cold victims body, increasing the immune systems ability to fight disease.  This is a widely used remedy with it's origins lost in the sands of time.
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===[[Hot/Cold Towel]]===
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Have a minor headache? Bloodshot or tired eyes? Stressed? Putting a hot or cold wet towel on your eyes and forehead can reduce these inconveniences. For a minor headache placing a cold or warm wet towel on the forehead and applying a little pressure can reduce the pain. Do this for as long as it takes to feel minor relief from pain. For itchy bloodshot eyes due to allergies using a cold wet towel will reduce the pain and shrink the blood vassals in the eyes that make it bloodshot. Keep the cold wet towel on your eyes for however long the itchiness remains. For tired bloodshot eyes applying a warm wet towel for 10 to 20 minutes throughout the day relieves the appearance of bloodshot eyes. Lying down on a couch or chair with a warm towel over your face can also can reduce [[Ethnomedicine: Home Remedies|stress]]. The warmth of the towel mellows your out so you can relax and focus on what needs to be done. This form of relaxation is best done in a quiet environment such as a secluded part of the home or office.
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===[[Hot Compresses]]===
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A doctor-recomended remedy for a [[#Stye|Stye]] is a hot compress on the infected eye. Place a clean washcloth in very hot water, wring it out and apply to the eye, with slight pressure, for fifteen minutes, six to eight times a day. This helps the [[#Stye|Stye]] to drain and it relieves pressure, causing the eye to heal.
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===[[Hot rice pack for muscle cramping]]===
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Cramping is the seizing or spasms of the muscles caused by strain in the particular area. They may be spontaneous or gradual.  The main symptoms of the condition are steady pain and/or firmness in the affected area due to hardened tissue. Oftentimes the application of heat helps to relieve pain by increasing blood flow to the muscle and therefore allowing the muscle to relax and relieve tension.  Poor hydration or repeated use of the muscle may also be responsible for discomfort.  To help relieve pain, a towel filled with raw rice may be heated in a microwave for approx. two minutes and then applied to the affected area. Leave the packet on until with the pain is relieved or the rice has cooled, in which case it may be reheated. The method may be preferable over hot water or heating pads because it is less likely to cause accidental burns on the skin.[http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/fact/thr_report.cfm?Thread_ID=270&topcategory]
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===[[Hot Toddy]]===
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This mixed drink can be used to soothe sore throats or otherwise relieve the common cold. Take one and a half ounces of whiskey, one ounce of honey, a third ounce of lemon juice, and three ouncaes of hot water. Warm the honey and the lemon juice for roughly half a minute in a microwave, before adding the water and the whiskey. If you wish, you can substitute the hot water for tea and the whiskey with brandy. This should help loosen mucus congestions; sip slowly to allow the effect of the warmth to take place. Keep in mind that too much alcohol is actually bad for the membranes, so limit yourself to one per day.
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===[[Hot Water / Lysol]]===
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In very far out places and especially in the early parts of the 20th century, people were not nearly as close to hospitals as we are today.  Neither did they have the appropriate transportation at times.  When a person did something such as step on a rusty nail and get blood poisoning, using extremely hot water with some lysol in it, the posion is extracted from the blood stream with not only the heat, but also the disinfectant.  The amount of time required to keep your foot in the hot water varies upon how big the streak of poision looks in your leg or arm (and how long it takes to remove the poison).  Usually around 15 minutes of soaking will be sufficient.  The only risk associated with this practice is the pain factor involved.  By keeping your foot in very hot water, you will extract the poision, but obviously suffer some pain.  This is commonly used in the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] as a prevention of blood poisoning.
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===[[Humidifier]]===
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When getting the common cold one home remedy is to use a humidifier. I have found that using a humidifier can help relieve the symptoms of the common cold significantly. During the long winter months when we are inside so much, we are breathing very dry and stale air. With a humidifier it brings in moisture to help with the long dry months. There are also furnace humidifiers that humidify the whole house at a moderate temperature level. Not only does it help with the common cold but I can also help in the prevention of other infections such as the flu. Although a humidifier can be used year round its best to use when the temperature is very cold, that is when the air is the most dry. Also you can run the humidifier all day and night, or until your room or house is a humid as you desire. Some other things that is helps with is if you have cracking wood furniture a humidifier can be very good. So it not only benefits people but their homes as well.
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Some special considerations to take in are that there are different types of humidifiers. Besides just room humidifiers and whole house humidifiers there are a variety of room humidifiers. Some of the humidifiers blow warm/hot steam, whereas some blow cool mist air. There is not a huge difference it just your preference. The only down fall is with hot steam the temperature can become too warm and then uncomfortable. And with the cool air the room can be too cold. I am not exactly sure who invented the humidifier, but it is used all over the world, or where it can be used, but mostly in Western societies.
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Humidifiers have been shown to significantly decrease snoring in those who regularly use them at night. The more the esophogus is lubricated, the less it will rattle when you breathe at night, thus decreasing the snoring. Also, those with asthma have been shown to be severely effected by the steam, allowing them much easier breathing at night, also from the amount of lubrication they recieve with humidified air. All in all, respiratory ailments can be helped immensely with frequent use of a humidifier or steam producing machine.
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[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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=== [[Hydrogen Peroxide]] ===
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Hydrogen Peroxide is used to '''cure bad breath''' within many [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]].  You are supposed to mix hydrogen peroxide with water into equal parts, rinse your mouth with the solution and let it stand for 2-3 minutes.  If you look into your mouth you will be able to see the peroxide solution working in between your teeth and under your gum line.  Rinse your mouth well and brush your teeth as usual.
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Hydrogen Peroxide can also be used to clean infected [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Cuts|cuts]].  If a cut becomes infected, fill the cap of the Hydrogen Peroxide bottle (to ensure the proper amount is used) with Hydrogen Peroxide and apply it to the cut.  It will sting and foam for a while, so wipe off excess liquid only after it ceases to foam, which will mean the bacteria has been killed as much as possible for the time being.  Perform this treatment at least twice daily for best results.
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[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western Culture|Western society]].
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With our society’s increasing demands on looking perfect many people have turned to bleach methods and expensive pastes as a way of [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Whiteningteeth|whitening teeth]]. Hydrogen Peroxide serves as a very cheap, yet effective way to do the same thing. At only $1 a bottle, Hydrogen Peroxide has agents in it that will eat away at old stains while at the same time ridding your mouth of any bacteria present.
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The process in all only takes 30 seconds to a minute and is just a swirl around your mouth before brushing your teeth. Do this once every other day, and you should see results within a couple weeks. Take precaution when using Hydrogen Peroxide and be sure not to swallow large doses as this is a chemical and could cause vomiting. It should also be noted that over usage of Hydrogen Peroxide on the teeth can peel away enamel resulting in cavities, so it is important to stick to every other day rather than daily.
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In [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Society]], methods such as using Hydrogen Peroxide as a bleaching agent are very popular due to high image standards. Many other cultures don’t put as much emphasis on physical appearance, leaving the usage of chemicals for beauty enhancement for Western culture.
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Its chemical symbol is H202 and it must be stored in a dark bottle. The exposure to light should be limited because light will cause H2O2 to break down and it will no longer work properly.  Large amounts can be harmful if ingested. It is used as a disinfectant or even a teeth whitener in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Disinfectant
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Many people beleive Hydrogen Peroxide is an effective cure for the common cold and flu. This belief began when it was thought that influenza or the common cold entered the body through the ear canal. Once there the virus would infect the earwax and slowly move it's way into the rest of the body. To prevent this from happening, a few drops of 3% solution of Hydrogen Peroxide was put into each ear within 12 hours of the first symptoms. An odd bubbling sound would be heard as the Peroxide dissolved the earwax. This would be repeated several times a day for 48 hours. Even though the theory of how the body gets infected has long since been refuted, this remedy is still a common practice in many western households.
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[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Ibuprofen]]===
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[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Athletics|Athletes]] on a daily basis obtain strained muscles and tweak joints in certain ways that cause pain for some prolonged period of time.  People in general don't like to be in pain especially if the pain prevents you from doing an activity that you consider necessary or just enjoy doing.  Ibuprofen not only will take away pain as long as you believe it is going to, but is also supposed to supress inflamation.  For an athlete these to properties of ibuprofen are very important, becuase they both allow the athlete or just any person in general to continue with their activity.  Ibuprofen is generally taken with ''water'' or some other beverage and if extreme amounts are to be taken then it is highly recommended that ''food'' it in the stomach of the taker or sever stomach pain can result.  Also if too much ibuprofen is taken with certain other drugs or substances it can be very synergistic and can create a high along with a total reduction of any bodily pain.
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Ibuprofen is a quickly acting pain reliever, and is effective in dulling or temporarily relieving body aches and [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Headache|headaches]], as well as inflammation of joints and muscles. Ibuprofen is also treats the symptoms of [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Fever|fevers]], and can reduce the recovery time of fevers. Ibuprofen can be taken at any time, but in small doses. Doses of ibuprofen should be taken every four to six hours. One should not exceed 1200mg of ibuprofen in a twenty-four hour period, as ibuprofen thins the lining of the stomach and can cause internal bleeding. Anyone that has had an allergic reaction to any other type of pain killer should not ingest ibuprofen. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Ice]]===
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It is common knowledge almost everywhere in the world that ice is a great way to heal many different forms of injuries. Most people believe that the reason ice heals the wound is because it numbs the skin around the injury, but in reality it is more complex than that. When your body is injured it sends a larger amount of blood than normal to the area that is injured. The reason for this is that blood holds many nutrients, thus, it is the body’s way of attempting to aid the injury. Sending so much blood to the affected area is in effort to quickly heal the injury.  The larger amount of blood causes the injured area to become inflamed and swollen. By putting ice on the enflamed skin ([http://www.spine-health.com/topics/conserv/ice/ice01.html]) it causes the blood to disperse and the inflammation to go down.
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A home remedy that is very comonly used amoung athletes is taking ice baths. Ice baths help rejuvenate the body after the body has been put under much stress, due to constant heavy work outs or sport practices. What you must do is fill a tub with cold water about a quarter of the way. Then you put one bag of ice in the water. Lay in the water no more than 10 minutes. Ice water helps eleviate the pain of sore, tight muscles or bones and is guaranteed to make your body feel fresh and ready for another work out. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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Many athletes, especially runners or jumpers, suffer from shin splints. Shin splints is the term given to the pain a person feels on their shins caused by physical activity. One home remedy that is very useful to reduce shin splints is icing the shins. There are many ways that this can be done, but one specific method seems to be the most effective. All you need is a small paper or styrofoam, water and a freezer. Fill the cup with water and wait for it to freeze. Once the water has become solid ice you remove the ice from the cup in one piece. Next, you begin to rub the ice face down along your shins. Soon, the ice will be formed to your shins and you can firmly rub for about 10 minutes at a time. This can be done as often as needed.  [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Ice Cream or sherbet]]===
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A home remedy that I personally use and is very common amongst people in American Society is the use of ice cream. It can help to sooth a [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Sore_Throat|sore throat]]. It also can be used kind of as a placebo, because of its reputation as something that makes people feel good, it could trick the body into feeling better during a [[Ethnomedicine _by_Illness#The_Common_Cold|common cold]].  Also, ice cream is used by many people to help cure or deal with depression, adn this seems to be fairly effective in that manner. Ice cream should not be used in excess, usually just a pint or a bowl should be enough, as more ice cream could actually make a person more sick. It should be taken while sick or depressed and should last for half and hour to an hour, or before it melts. Ice cream is common around the world, but especially popular in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|western society]]. The origins of ice cream came from the farming of cows and has been used for these purposes in western society for quite some time. Although ice cream may not be as scientifically endorsed as other western remedies, it still can help sooth an aching body or an aching soul.
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===[[Ice then heat]]===
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Ice then heat can be used for many things. It is a unique dual action formula which can relieve pain in the area of soreness. The cool part (being the ice) dulls the pain away and then that is followed up by the heat (which comes in many forms) relaxes the pain. It is ideal for fast pain relief but it is also long lasting for sore muscles, backache, muscle cramps and even arthritis. Use this in moderation, avoid areas that are sensitive such as underarms, or anywhere on your head.You can repeat this consecutively for the best results.Going ice for 15 minutes then heat for 15 minutes then repeat once more. For more information on remedies commonly used in Western Culture, visit the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] page.
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====[[Icy-hot]]====
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Icy-hot can be used for many things. It is a unique dual action formula which comes in different forms there is a gel, a cream a stick and even a patch that you place on the area of soreness. The cool part of it dulls the pain away and then that is followed up by the heat which then relaxes the pain. It is ideal for fast pain relief but it is also long lasting for sore muscles, backache, muscle cramps and even arthritis. It is the most common typically over-the-counter pain reliever out.
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===[[Jellyfish Sting]]===
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Although most jellyfish stings are only a painful annoyance, the sting from a box jellyfish or an Irukandji can be fatal, and it is important to take all precautions if stung by a jellyfish. If the sting is serious you should seek professional aid as soon as you can. If not, it is still important to get out of the water quickly to avoid more stings and drowning in the case of a severe allergic reaction to the poison.
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A home remedy for the relieving pain/itchiness from a jellyfish sting is to put vinegar on the infected area, except for if the wound is on the eye, where the vinegar can be lightly dabbed around the eye with a cloth but not in the eye. The vinegar will neutralize the venom releasing cells the jellyfish leaves behind. If vinegar is not available you can wash the wound with salt water. Fresh water should '''not''' be used to wash the wound. The change in pH can cause additional venom to be released. There is a myth that urine will help the wound. This is untrue and urine will probably end up causing more venom to be released. Many other substances can also aggravate the wound, so it’s important to make sure whatever you use on the sting wound is safe.
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Anyone assisting in first aid should use gloves or some other available barrier device to prevent personal injury. After vinegar has been applied it is safe to remove any jellyfish parts from the wound. Then to remove any excess sting cells you may use shaving cream and a safety razor or credit card.
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===[[Jewelweed]]===
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You've just come back from camping and are very itchy and have rash spots all over your body, what are these symptoms of? The answer is poison ivy. If you find that you have a bad case of rashes from Poison Ivy, you can get a plant called Jewelweed. To get rid of the rash you can get a whole Jewelweed plant and crush it into a ball. This ball will then be used to be rubbed on the exposed area; this then should get rid of the rash. If this does not work, there is a more effective method in riding yourself of poison ivy. A person can crush some jewelweed stems in a container, and then use a cotton ball or sterile pad to soak up the juice. The juice should then be rubbed on the infect spot and this should also get rid of any rashes from poison ivy. The anti-inflammitory/fungicidal chemical in this plant is 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and these are the chemicals that help heal the infected areas in which poison ivy has come into contact with.
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===[[A "Jigger" of Whiskey]]===
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This home remedy is a great way to relieve you of the sniffles, stuffy noses, soar throats, sinus [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Decongestion|decongestion]]/pressure, and coughs. All you need to do, is grab your favorite mug, start water boiling, and as it is boiling, cut up a fresh lemon. Once your water is good and hot, pour it into your mug, squeeze in 1/4 of the fresh lemon, add honey (as much as you feel necessary), and pour in a "jigger" of whiskey. BEFORE you consume this wonderful drink, inhale the steam coming from it, it will open up the congestion you are feeling in your head. Once it is cool, ENJOY as it soothes your throat all the way down! (and don't worry about getting "tipsy" (not that there is enough alcohol in a "jigger", but most of the alcohol will evaporate as the water is steaming!) This home remedy was passed down to me by my father, who learned it from his German Mechanic employer when he was a teenager. He calls it the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#German_Culture|"Germa-flue"]] remedy!
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===[[Kombucha]]===
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[[Image:Kombucha.jpg|thumb|right|150 px|Kombucha]]
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Kombucha refers to a culture of biotic organisms such as yeast and bacteria that thrive in a mixture of tea and sugar. The resulting mixture called "Kombucha Tea" which is slightly carbonated and effervescent and takes 7 to 10 days to prepare due to the fermentation process. This drink is rich in enzymes, amino acids and a general array of beneficial probiotics that mainly aid in metabolism and help detoxify the body as well as strengthen the immune system. The claims of the ailments that Kombucha tea helps with are far and wide. Recent research shows that kombucha tea boosts the grandular system which is responsible for maintaining balance among all body systems. Some of the illness that kombucha helps prevent and treat are constipation, obesity, [[#Arthritis|arthritis]], arteriosclerosis, kidney stones, rheumatism, gout, impotence, and cancer especially in its early stages. Generally, commercial kombucha tea manufacturers recommend consuming at least one bottle a day which is about sixteen ounces. However, serving size varies according to how "strong" or fermented kombucha tea is so the daily allowance can vary from 4 to 16 ounces. When starting to drink kombucha tea for the first time it is recommended to start with 4 ounces daily and eventually work up to 16 ounces.
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As a consideration or a warning some scientists have claimed that kombucha tea may lead to development of tumors and harm liver, kidney and intestinal tissues. Also people allergic to tea should not drink kombucha as it may trigger an allergy attack.
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Kombucha tea started out in Russia or at least has its first recorded evidence there. In Russia it is called, "mushroom" or "tea kvass" in reference to its sourness and tea flavor. Kombucha tea is also popular in Germany and Asia and has been working its way into America through the cultural obsession with organic and natural products. Some notable American people that consume kombucha tea are Madonna, Oliver Stone and Linda Evans. Throughout the world kombucha tea is consumed as a refreshing drink with a pleasant taste to maintain [[#Overall wellness|overall wellness]].
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===[[Laryngitis]]===
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This remedy is used when you have laryngitis or also can be used if you have a sore throat.  First you take a fresh lemon and roll it between your hands until it becomes soft.  Then you cut the lemon in half and put honey on the top.  Next you put the lemon in the microwave and heat it until it becomes warm.  Take the lemon out and suck on it for a while until you get most of the juice out.  You could also replace the lemon with lemonade, depending on what you have at home, if using leomonade use about 8 ounces, one cup, to about a table spoon of honey, can add more if you need it to be sweeter.
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This remedy can be repeated throughout the day and as long as you have a sore throat.  There are not any immediate complications with this method unless you are allergic to citrus fruits, or the honey.  This remedy has been used in many places throughout the world.  Thought to have originated in the Philippines and later spread to Hawaii and other places in the US.
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===[[Laudanum]]=== 
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A traditional treatment that has fallen out of favor as the harmful aspects of opium came to light.  Laudanum is typically a mixture of opium, sugar, and an alcoholic beverage.  Taking it results in an obviously opiate state, and it was often used to calm crying babies.  It became less common in the 20th century.
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===[[Lavender]]=== 
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Lavender has been used for centuries for many medicinal purposes. Included can be acne, headaches, warding off insects, and problems sleeping. Applying one part lavender to ten parts water can reduce the inflammation of acne. Lavender oil applied to the temples can help relieve headaches, as well as putting lavender flowerheads in an eye mask. Lavender seeds added to blankets or pillows can help induce relaxation and aid [[#sleep|sleep]]. Hanging lavender around a central area can also ward off many insects. For any of these ailments, use as much and as often as needed; perhaps when the effects begin to wear off. [http://tregenza.typepad.com/photos/landscapes_and_stuff/lavender.JPG]
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Lavender has been used in various countries, specifically native to the Mediterranean, Africa and India. Variations are now found worldwide, including Europe and North America.
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===Lavender Sleep-Aid===
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People tend to be somewhat unaware when it comes to the benefits of lavender despite the many claims in which aromatherapy has been said to help catalyze sleep. By using a lavender filled pillow, the distinct scent is able to linger in the air and relax your senses. When using a pillow of this sort, (usually no longer than the width of a person's head and just wide enough to cover one's eyes) place across face while laying in bed. This strong lavender aroma has a way of relaxing a person's mind, muscles and senses; thus resulting in an easier transition into your sleep cycle. May be used every night, or any other time that sleep is desired but difficult to come by. 
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Lavendar pillows can be found at a multitude of stores. For example, Fred Meyer and Target. They are a relatively inexpensive method worth trying, although there is a risk that the lavendar may cause irritation to someone who is allergic. This method is used throughout different nations, yet it tends to be quite popular within the community of frequent travelers.
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===[[Leeches]]===
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Leeches can be very effective in extracting snake venom from a snake bite. More recently in medical history the leech is used to prevent venous congestion (pooling of excess blood) when re-attaching fingers, toes, or ears. The most effective species of leech for medical use is called the hirudo medicinalis which has three jaws that look like little saws with about 100 sharp teeth used to puncture the skin of a host. It is recommended to leave the leech on the infected area for about 6-12 hours. By that time the leech will have extracted enough blood to digest and live off for about another year before needing another host while removing poisonous venom or excess blood. The hirudo medicinalis leech’s saliva contains anesthetic so the host or patient feels little pain while it is attached. Their saliva also contains an anticoagulant which keeps the host’s blood from clotting which may cause more bleeding after the leech has been removed but is not dramatic enough to affect a human. It is normal for a healing leech bite to itch and should be thoroughly cleaned to prevent any kind of infection. There is nothing that exists in modern medicine today as effective for snake venom or venous congestion used today which is why leeches are used around the world. The practice of using leeches to extract blood was first recorded to have been used in ancient Greece as a part of the humoral theory. In [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Turkish_Culture|Turkish Culture]], leeches are known to be sold in animal markets in Istanbul and many other civilizations around the world.
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===[[w:lemon Tea with Honey|Lemon tea]]===
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Lemon tea with honey is commonly used by singers and those who are in a profession requiring consistent speech, teachers for example. The tea issued to sooth throat soreness, and help tense or strained vocal chords. The tea is best used while on vocal rest.
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Typically the tea is very hot and sipped over a long period of time, reheating as necessary. It is believed that the honey coats the throat providing moisture to the effected area and helping retain the heat. A lemon tea treatment is used periodically until the soreness subsides. If the throat is very sore then a treatment of hot water and honey is sometimes used rather than lemon tea. Tea contains caffeine, which dehydrates the body, which defeats the purpose of the treatment when used in large quantities or in severe cases.
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===[[w:lemon juice|Lemon Juice]]===
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[[Image:Lemon.jpg|200 px|Lemon Juice]]
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Many people of all ages tend to at one point or another experience [[w:wictionary oily hair|oily hair]].  The reason could be anything from hereditary causes, to forgetting to wash your hair for the past few days. Several other causes for oily hair may be not rinsing out all the shampoo or conditioner, combing your hair too much or having to much hair. Everyone has sebaceous glands that produce sebum or better known as oil.  Thus, the more hair you have the more oil build up you have in your scalp.  Intense heat or humidity can also activate these glands, along with the hormone androgen.  This hormone can active the glands due to stress in both men and women. 
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One of the most popular ways to get rid of oily hair is to use lemon juice. Squeeze the juice from one lemon into a mixture with one cup of water. Use this and rinse it through your hair while in the shower. Next rinse with warm water. This will help to block the release of oil from the hair, as well as control buildup from shampoo. Along with this is will add some extra shine to your hair. This method can be used as often as needed. This method is popular world wide, but especially in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] and anywhere lemon juice is available.
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A very effective way of getting rid of oily hair is a vinegar rinse.  Take a teaspoon of vinegar and mix it with a pint of water.  Apply this to your hair after you have shampooed.  This acts as a finishing product to your hair.  This strips your hair of the residue that is left over from your daily shampoo. 
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Another way to reduce oil in your hair is to choose a shampoo that has a clear effect to it.  This usually means there is fewer products in the shampoo than others.
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Lastly, learn to relax.  If stress is something that can active the sebaceous glands than take some alone time and relax.
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===[[Lemon Tea]]===
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Lemon Tea is a home remedy for the flu or a cold. It consists of Lemons, honey, water, and cinnamon sticks. It is prepared by squeezing out the lemons into a pot, then also adding the squeezed lemon rinds into the pot as well. Add enough water to just cover the lemons (in a fairly big pot) and throw in a few cinnamon sticks. You may add honey before boiling the mixture for about 10 minutes, or until a significant amount of water has been boiled away. After boiling, add honey to taste, and drink!
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The Vitamin C boosts the immune system, whiles the warm liquid sooths a soar throat and clogged sinuses. If it is a bad cold lasting more than a couple days, more tea can be prepared daily. However it is important not to drink too much of this tea, for two reasons. One reason is that honey contains a lot of sugar, which can inhibit your immune system if too much is consumed, so it is best to add a small amount of honey. Also the sourness of the lemon juice, depending on the concentration of the tea, can cause soars in you mouth, if too much is drank. This remedy comes from my mother’s family, and has been around longer than I have.
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Lemon tea with honey is commonly used by singers and those who are in a profession requiring consistent speech, teachers for example. The tea issued to sooth throat soreness, and help tense or strained vocal chords. The tea is best used while on vocal rest.
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Typically the tea is very hot and sipped over a long period of time, reheating as necessary. It is believed that the honey coats the throat providing moisture to the effected area and helping retain the heat. A lemon tea treatment is used periodically until the soreness subsides. If the throat is very sore then a treatment of hot water and honey is sometimes used rather than lemon tea. Tea contains caffeine, which dehydrates the body, which defeats the purpose of the treatment when used in large quantities or in severe cases.
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Lemon juice is also an effective way to lighten one’s hair color.  To do this, squeeze enough fresh lemon juice to saturate your hair.  Leave it in for at least an hour, depending on the desired amount of lightening.  For extra lightening, go outside in the sun after saturating your hair with lemon juice.  Repeat this daily until you’ve reached your desired hair color. 
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http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Image:Lemon.jpg
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===[[Licorice Root]]===
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Licorice root (also known as blackroot, black sugar, liquorice, sweetroot or sweetwood) is an herbal remedy that comes from the dried roots of the ''glycyrrhiza'' plant. Licorice root can be used to neutralize toxins, reduce inflammation and aid in digestion.<ref>Dharmananda, S. “Fifteen Commonly Used Chinese Herbs.” An Introduction to Chinese Herbs. 1996. Institute for Traditional Medicine. May 25, 2007. http://www.itmonline.org/arts/herbintro.htm.</ref>  It also helps cure a myriad of other ailments including bronchitis, colds, coughs, hyperacidity, laryngitis, flu and painful urination. In addition to its mucous-stimulating properties that make it useful for curing illnesses related to [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Sore throat|sore throats]], studies have shown that licorice kills ''Helicobacter pylori'', the bacteria that causes most ulcers and [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Upset stomach|stomach inflammation]].<ref>Healthnotes.com 7 Sept 2006. “Licorice”. May 25, 2007. http://www.itmonline.org/arts/herbintro.htm.</ref>  A remedy to cure stomach ulcers has been formulated in Europe using licorice. In [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Chinese_Culture|China]], it has traditionally been used for treatments as varied as hepatitis, sore throat and muscle spasms. Although licorice appears to be useful in many ways, side effects accompany prolonged use. These include hypertension, water retention, sodium retention and loss of potassium. These symptoms have caused health authorities to recommend that its usage not exceed four to six weeks, and that a diet high in potassium be consumed during the treatment period.<ref>Foster, S. “Licorice.” 2000. Steven Foster Group. May 25, 2007. http://www.stevenfoster.com/education/monograph/licorice.html.</ref> Dosage varies, depending on the ailment it is being used for, and it ranges from a few milligrams a day to 15 grams per day.<ref>Dharmananda, S. “Fifteen Commonly Used Chinese Herbs.” An Introduction to Chinese Herbs. 1996. Institute for Traditional Medicine. May 25, 2007. http://www.itmonline.org/arts/herbintro.htm.</ref>  Licorice can be steeped in hot water and taken as tea, or can be consumed in powder or tablet form.
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===[[Lime]]===
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The primary cause of some forms of [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#arthritis|arthritis]] is uric acid, and because lime is a solvent of uric acid it can be helpful in preventing the aches and pains of arthritis. The juice of one lime mixed with water should be drank once a day. It is best to drink the solution in the morning. This remedy is used in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#western culture|western culture]].
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[[Image:Lime_CDC.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Lime]]
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===[[Lime, Sugar, Salt and Water]]=== 
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In the Cambodian culture, a simple concoction is mixed in order to ease the pain of a sore throat. A whole lime is squeezed into a small bowl or cup. Water is then added, tripling the amount of liquid. A few spoonfuls of sugar and a pinch of salt is added to the drink. It is normally sipped, using a spoon, so that the liquid goes down the the throat slowly. It can be taken as needed, as long as the sore throat is still present.  It also doesn’t taste half bad.
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===[[Listerine]]===
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Other than being used for an after rinse for dental hygiene, Listerine can also help with Athlete's Foot. If you find that you have developed a case of Athlete's Foot, Listerine can be used to remove this stuborn foot fungus. Listerine can be purchased at any local grocery store and is less expensive than buying regular Athlete's Foot Foot Spray. To start the treatment, start by applying the Listerine to a sterile cotton pad. You then should rub it on to the infected part of the foot twice daily. Repeat the previous steps until symptoms subside. Listerine is not only safe for adult use but also for children. After curing Athlete's Foot you'll be up and running again for more fun activities!
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My grandfather swears by listerine! Chronic toenail fungua runs in his family and he swears that soaking his toenails in Listerine for 15 minutes each evening for 3 weeks completely eliminated this embarassing problem.
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===[[Liver Flush]]===
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This is done by drinking apple juice alone for 3 days, followed by drinking a cup of olive oil and a cup of lemon juice. This helps to cure [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Jaundice|Jaundice]].
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===[[Local Honey]]===
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Eating honey is a cure for hay fever. If you eat a tablespoon of local honey for every day
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of the hay fever season you won't be affected by hay fever for the rest of that day. This
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is because honey made locally is made from all of pollen and nectar of the very plants
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that are affecting you. This is an English folklore remedy.
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[[Image:Honey_comb.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Honey]]
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===[[Losing a Tooth and saving it with Milk]]===
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If you happen to get a tooth knocked out, for whatever reason it may be, you still have a chance to get that tooth back where it belongs with the help of milk. When a tooth is knocked out, find the lost tooth and with minimal handling (don't even rinse the tooth off), and put the tooth in a glass of milk. Now it's just a mad rush for the dentist to hopefully get that tooth put back in. If I remember correctly you only have about 20 to 30 minutes before your chances of being able to replant the tooth starts to greatly decline, so don't waste time getting to the dentist. I'm not sure if the type of milk makes a difference, when a coworker got his tooth knocked out we only had 1% on hand and it worked fine and he got his tooth back! I'm not sure about the origins of using milk to save a lost tooth.
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===[[Love]]===
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Love is a euphoric feeling, of varying intensity, that can be felt towards almost anything in the right context. In most cultures love is a mysterious and abstract concept but it can have great affects on physical as well as mental health. This rememdy is not ailment specific although it unfortunately excludes illnesses that are highly contagious or fatal. the general principle of this remedy is to care for and give affection to the person who is experiencing discomfort. This is hard to do in some situations for varying reasons (i'm sure you can imagine) but love and care are absolutely key for healing. a few ways to express/give love in a healing manor are to make sure the ailed-person is as comfortable as possible, snuggle and cuddle them whenever you can, help them with whatever medications or treatments they need for swift recovery, give positive reassurance and be kind and above all be patient.Love should be administered as frequently as possible with near constant care. Being overbearing or smothering the ailed-person will not help them! make sure your love is accepted but keep in mind it might not be apparent how much it is appreciated until they have recovered. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Global_Culture|Global Culture]]
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Love can also help greatly to those suffering from depression and other mental disorders. For many people feeling unloved or like no one cares about them is a great source of suffering and pain mentally, which may also have physical repercussions such as self-inflicted harm due to such feelings. Emotions, while perhaps not a source of any physical non-wellbeing, can have a severe impact on one's overall health. Love has been something which has gotten me through some of the toughest times in my life, being someone who suffers from Bipolar I (and ADD). I say suffering in that it has been the source of nearly ending my life several times since the age of 10, and has greatly impacted my ability to do well in school. It is the people who cared most about me and loved me that helped me the many times I tried to commit suicide. It is learning to love myself (and the help of very strong medications) that has made living with Bipolar I a lot more bearable than it used to be.
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===[[Lung Compress]]===
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A lung compress consists of cotton or an absorbent cloth soaked in a mixture of honey and alcohol that is applied to the rib area so it sits around the lungs. The lung compress should also be tightened by another cloth and have a few layers of clothes over it to lessen heat loss. This type of hot compress is generally applied during or after pneumonia or any ailment that severely affects the lungs such as a cold or flu. Once the lung compress is made it should snuggly sit on the ribs so that honey and alcohol soak into the skin. It should be applied for 2 to 4 hours a day anywhere from one to five days.
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This compress should not be used during fever as it may worsen it. It is generally used as the sickness winds down to help ensure full recovery and prevent a repeat infection.
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This type of compress is used in Russia, Europe, Asia and other countries and regions with cold climates. The lung compress may have originated in Russia or Germany although no clear indication of its origin exist. This compress is used widely in Russia to help treat and prevent [[#Pneumonia|pneumonia]].
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===[[Marigold]]===
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The marigold is a scented herb of the genus ''Tagetes'' and the one's in our gardens have most likely originated from Mexico. While they are a beautiful aspect to the common household garden they are also a great remedy for toothaches. The juice of its petals mixed with vinegar and then rubbed on the gums and teeth is a quick relief to tooth pain. Marigolds contain an antibacterial agent and contain mucilage that when coats and soothes the infected area.
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===[[Massage]]===
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Massage is a type of therapy that is used by applying pressure with your hands to different muscles, tendons, joints, ligaments, tissues, and trigger points of the body. Massage is a natural way to reduce [[#Stress|stress]], help with injury rehabilitation, improve circulation, and promote a general feeling of wellness. Simple massages can last only a few minutes, while more intense types can last upwards of an hour with an experienced masseuse. Therapeutic massage can be administered in many different ways such as chair massage, deep tissue massage, hot stone massage, and many other types that vary by country. The practice of massage is widely popular and globally used. [ http://www.stressreductiongroup.com/why_massage.asp ]
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===[[Mayonnaise]]===
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In the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] mayonnaise is a popular and effective way to treat [[#Lice| headlice]], and a common benefit is getting your hair shiny and smooth.  Mayonnaise, along with butter, olive oil, and castor oil are used to smother the lice.  People can leave the mayo in their hair from anywhere from a couple of hours to overnight while wearing a shower cap or some kind of head cover (on small children, if they chew their hair, a head covor is recommended due to the possibility of the mayo going rancid). A few additional washings are recommended to remove all of the mayo and lice out of the hair.
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===[[Mayonnaise for Dry Hair]]===
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Often, dry hair plagues females who dye or style their hair, and people who frequent swimming pools. Dry hair can become brittle and break, and may be the root or cause of a flakey scalp—and dandruff. However, instead of spending money on a fancy ‘deep conditioning masque’ at a spa or ritzy hair salon, a remedy for dry hair may be found in your refrigerator. Apply about one tablespoon of ‘old fashioned’ mayonnaise (not low-fat or low-carb) to your hair after shampooing. Wait twenty-thirty minutes, then rinse, adding dime-sized amount of shampoo if necessary to remove all mayonnaise. No special considerations need be taken, except to not leave the mayonnaise on for more than thirty minutes. Follow these steps no more than once a week accordingly for smoother, healthier hair.
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===[[Melatonin]]===
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Melatonin is a chemical secreted by the pineal gland in our brains at night. In our history, humans have been expsed for up to 18 hours of darkness. But in the modern age, we seldom see more than 8 hours of darkness. This decreases the production of melatonin, even because of artificial lighting. Reduced melatonin production has been proposed as a likely factor in the significantly higher cancer rates in night workers. The amount of melatonin secreted seems to decrease as we age, perhaps explaining why younger people have less problems sleeping than older people. The main use of taking melatonin supplements is to help regulate sleep/wake cycles. It is less aggressive than sleeping pills and can be taken on a daily basis with little to no dependency. It is because of its mild effect that it is commonly used by people with jetlag or sleeping problems.
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===[[Menthol Eucalyptus Cough Drops]]===
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This remedy is made for soothing [[#Sore Throats|Sore Throats]] and clearing nasal passageways, which will in turn prevent future coughing that would worsen the condition of one's throat.  Menthol Eucalyptus cough drops should be taken about once an hour, slowly disolved (not chewed) in the mouth.  They can be found in most local grocery stores and do not cost much. After a day, the cough drops should have begun to improve the condition of one's throat and/or nasal congestion.  However, one should not take the cough drops too liberally because moderation is good when one's body is ingesting something new to it.  One can read more on a specific menthol lozenge product at http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/100001602.html.
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===[[Milk Compress]]===
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Milk is an excellent remedy for sunburns (and other skin irritations) because it contains vitamin A, vitamin D, fat, proteins, and lactic/amino acids all of which act as soothers for irritated skin. First you make a compress of whole milk by soaking a cloth or cotton wad in the cool milk. Next put the compress directly onto the burned area for 20 minutes then wash off with cold water. Make sure you wash it off because if you leave the milk on not only will the skin start to smell sour but there is possibility for infection. Repeat this process about every two hours. There are similar remedies that call for the compress to be dipped in a mixture of 1 cup of skim milk with 4 cups of water and ice cubes and then another with just plain old buttermilk. The skim milk works but not as well as the whole milk because the key ingredient in the whole milk is the fat, which is one of milks most soothing elements. On the same note it’s believed that the buttermilk works better because of it’s higher fat content. Milk has always been used as a skin soother particularly among the Romans but this method can be found in many parts all over now especially among Westerners.
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===[[Milk and Bread]]===
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Milk is a good treatment for infected hair follicles, skin infections, and boils. What you want to do is heat up a pot of milk, and then once the milk is heated, soak a piece of bread in the milk and make it as hot as is tolerable.  Then you place the bread on the infection and leave it for ten or fifteen minutes at a time. Repeat as necessary until the infection is gone.
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===[[Milk and a Paper Towel]]===
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A common cure for the hiccups is covering a glass of milk with a paper towel and drinking the milk through the paper towel. This remedy requires a tall glass of cold 2% milk, a paper towel and a rubber band so that when you drink the milk, it doesn't spill all over you.  Once you have covered the glass with the paper towel firmly with the rubber band, slowly begin to drink the milk. Make sure to finish your glass completley. This remedy should cure your hiccups within the next hour. The only risk of this treatment is the milk spilling all over your clothes. But, if you secure the rubber band tight enough, you should be ok. This remedy can be found throughout the United States, primarily on the East Coast. 
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===[[Milk Thistle]]===
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Milk thistle or ''Silybum marianum'' is a plant native to the Mediterranean that is commonly used as a remedy for various ailments and is especially valued for its protective properties of the liver.  It can be used to improve the function of the [[wikipedia:liver|liver]], treat liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, and gallbladder disorders.  Through extraction of the herb, milk thistle can be consumed in the form of capsules, infused in teas, or liquid extracts.  It's use generally has few side effects other than upset stomach, diarrhea, or allergic reactions.  The active ingredient,thought to be concentrated in the seeds, is called silymarin.  The compounds or ''flavonolignands'' help repair liver cells and prevent further damage from alcohol, and other toxic substances.  The clinical efficacy of milk thistle is not conclusive.  The recommended dosage is generally 12-15 grams of the dried herb per day or 100-200mg in capsule form. 
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It has been used in [[wikipedia:Western Culture|Western culture]] since Greco-Roman times and during the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the United States.
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===[[Miso Soup]]===
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The ingredients that make up miso soup vary, but the essential ingredients that are used to help clean open wounds would be seaweed,tofu and green onions. These key ingredients have been useful in many ways. Koreans normally use these to cleanse open scars. The most popular reason for this remedy are bee stings.In korea it was not uncommon for villagers to work in the blazing sun. The heat and pollen attracted many bees. After weeks of hard work it was likely that they would have accumulated number of bee stings. Therefore they believed that the warm ingredients of Miso soup could be placed on a washcloth and then placed on the open abrasion. The washcloth is then left on the wound for at least thirty minutes. These ingredients are believed to be powerful components in healing and cleaning blood as well as skin. This method of therapy is only used at the time of injury and is used everday for thirty minutes untill the wound has healed.
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===[[Morning Spit]]===
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Morning spit can cure the warts that grow on your body.  A wart is a small, often hard, abnormal elevation on the skin, usually caused by a papomavirus.  The morning spit is a key to the cure of warts because is has the fresh bacteria that is in your mouth when you wake up from your sleep.  Brushing your teeth kills the bacteria.  To make this effective, one must spit on the wart and let is dry before washing yourself every morning until the wart is gone.  Within a week or so, one will see a big improvement on the cure to their wart.  This is mainly apart of the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western culture]] because we come from a society that learns things from television  and that is how I learned this culture practice.  I saw this Western Practice to prevent warts on the discovery channel.  No other medicines or practices worked for me, but the morning spit did.
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===[[Mugwort]]===
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The Aglo Saxons of the Middle Ages used the term "Mucgwrt" to refer to this plant belonging to the Artemisia family.  Mugwort, as it is referred to now, has been known to treat absesses, fungal infections, and can be used as an anti-inflammatory.  This plant was originally considered one of the nine sacred herbs used to repel evils.  In the Isle of Man, a crown made of mugwort was worn on the national day of July 5 (the Mid-Summer Day) every year in ritual and was said to ward off all evil.  Mugwort is also known as the mother of herbs associated with witchcraft (in old goddess-religions) and fertility rights.  Hipocrates himself once said that this plant could be used to cleanse the uterus after child birth and to stimulate the menses.  In Russia, physicians used mugwort in hospital settings to fight against epilepsy, and the Romans often massaged mugwort into their calves to reduce cramps while walking long distances.  Mugwort has also proven to be efficient in getting rid of parasites.
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===[[Multi-Vitamins]]===
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The use of a multivitamin is preventive and effective way to supplement one’s diet when it is not adequate in obtaining sufficient daily values of nutrients. Multivitamins aid those who cannot, or will not, eat a complete and nutritious diet, and those with dietary imbalances to prevent nutritional deficiencies which wreck havoc on the body.
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They should be used daily and for whatever duration desired by its user. Multivitamins typically should be taken once per day with a meal, to avoid over consumption of certain vitamins.
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Women who are pregnant should consult their doctors before usage. Postmenopausal women however should avoid multivitam
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Children need less iron than adults so it is suggested that they use childrens's vitamins.
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The U.S. does sell multivitamin tablets with more than 100% of the daily recommended intake, but there it is questionable whether or not we really need more than 100% of any vitamin or mineral per day.
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===[[Mustard Plaster]]===
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In the event of a [[#The Common Cold|common cold]] or other respiratory constraints (such as those that accompany hay fever), take a dampened bedsheet and place inside is a paste composed of roughly half a teaspoon of grounded mustard seed powder mixed in with a tablespoon of flour and lukewarm water. Warm it using a stove (not too much, so as not to harden the paste), and place it on chest area. This is meant to break the congestion in one's chest. Be careful to check the condition of the skin now and then so that it does not overheat or turn raw. Do not leave it on for more than thirty minutes, and make sure that the paste itself does not come in direct contact with the skin.
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===[[Neosporin]]===
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Neosporin is a home remedy that disinfects scrape, burns or cuts. Neosporin provides infection protection and kills the infectious bacteria. It may also help decrease the appearance of scaring and heal wounds faster than just a normal bandage. The steps for using Neosporin are 1. clean the affected area 2. apply a small amount on the area 1 to 3 times daily 3. cover it with a sterile bandage. Active ingredients in Neosporin are Neomycin Sulfate, Polymyxin B, Bacitracin Zinc, and Pramoxine. Neosporin is considered a common home remedy in the Western culture.
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Neosporin is also really great when it comes to treating acne.  Just a little bit on the pimple for a couple of days and voila! Goodbye acne.
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=== [[Neti]] ===
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[[Image:Utah_teapot.png‎|200px|thumb|right|Representation of a Neti pot]]
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People practice Neti on a daily basis to keep their sinuses clean and to make their breathing easier and more free.  Once they try it, most people find Neti to be a soothing and pleasant experience.  While there exists advanced techniques using various herbal oils and herbs, the simplest Neti technique uses water for the irrigation process. A neti pot is filled with warm, slightly salted water and the spout of the pot is inserted into one nostril. The position of the head and pot are adjusted to allow the water to flow out of the other nostril.  A soothing, gentle stream of salt water, the same concentration as tears, flows through your nose, washing away pollens, mucus, viruses and bacteria Once learnt, neti can be done in about 3 minutes and is easily integrated into a daily routine of body cleansing such as showering or [[#Brushing your teeth|brushing your teeth]].  The only side effect of Neti is an uncomfortable feeling throughout the process that can cause some people to not continually do the neti process.
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Alternative health practitioners throughout the world recommend the regular practice of nasal cleansing using a saline solution as part of a regular regimen of health and wellness, a basic health-maintenance activity equal to flossing your teeth. Neti is a gentle, safe, efficient way to deliver a good cleansing dose of saline to the nose.  The practice of nasal cleansing - known as Neti - has been used by practitioners of Ayurveda and [[#Yoga|Yoga]]  in India for thousands of years. Neti is one of the 6 purification techniques performed prior to practicing yoga as a way of preparing the body for the yoga practice. Although the practice of nasal irrigation originated in India, today there are numerous people in Europe and the United States who use this simple technique as part of their daily routine.
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===[[Niquil]]===
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NyQuil Liquid is used to treat the common cold and is a decongestant, antihistamine, cough suppressant, and analgesic combination. The liquid constricts blood vessels and reduces swelling in the nose. The medicine works by blocking the action of histamine, and this reduces symptons, such as watery eyes and sneezing. The cough suppressant works decrease pain in the brain and to reduce the amount of coughing that can occor.
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Niquil reduces symptoms of pain, sinus congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and cough due to colds, upper respiratory infections, and allergies. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.  Niquil should be taken at night as it may cause drowsiness.  It is not recommended to take Niquil  if you have severe high blood pressure, severe heart blood vessel disease, rapid heartbeat, or severe heart problems.
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The description of the cold remedy can simply be stated in their tag line of "The Nightime Sniffling, Sneezing, Coughing, Aching, Stuffyhead, Fever, So You Can Get a Good Rest Medicine.
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Everyone experiences a common cold at some point in their life, luckily Vicks has created Day or Night Nyquil as a speedy way of eliminating many of the symptoms brought upon by the common cold. The correct time for use depends on the type that is being used, quite obviously a nagging night cold would elicit use of the nighttime Nyquil. An annoying daytime cold would warrant use of the daytime Nyquil. The differences between the two lie in the absence of sedating antihistamines in the dayQuil. It should be used consistently, every four to six hours, while experiencing frequent symptoms. Both Day and Night Nyquil come in several forms, pills or liquid usually. If pills are preferable one to two should be taken and a capful of liquid is usually sufficient. There are some groups that Nyquil is not recommended for including those with diabetes, millitus, glaucoma, asthma, or those with heart problems. Nyquil was introduced into [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] in the last century and has recently been exploited by teens trying to get high off the medicine, new restrictions are now placed on the age of a consumer of Nyquil.
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www.rubinville.com/.../nyquil-745340.jpg
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===[[Noni Plant]]===
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Noni , has been extensively used in folk medicine by Polynesians for over 2,000 years. Noni is a traditional food and medicine in many tropical areas including the Pacific Islands, Southeast Asia, India, and the Philippines. Ethnobotanical data is plentiful on the uses of the fruit, leaves, and root of the plant. Ancient Hawaiians used noni fruit for both internal and topical applications. Noni is still used by the local population in Hawaii for sugar control diseases, high vascular pressure, heart health maintenance, abnormal growths, and other chronic disorders, although no controlled clinical studies exist to support these uses. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Hawaiian_Culture|Hawaiian Culture]]
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===[[Nose Bleed]]===
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While a nose bleed can be a frightening experience it is almost always an easily remedied situation. The first step toward stopping the bleeding is to try to calm down. This lowers the heart rate and slows the flow of the blood. The next step is to sit up straight and tilt the head forward slightly. For decades most people were taught to lie down or tilt their head back. While this does keep blood from coming out the nose it does not stop the nose form bleeding. This merely directs the blood down the back of the throat which can lead to nausea, vomiting, and possibly choking. The third step is to take the thumb and index finger and pinch the nostrils together usually using a tissue or paper towel. Continue to pinch the nostrils together for two minutes after the bleeding has stopped to lessen the chances of it starting again. If the bleeding is excessive nasal packing or cauterization by a physician may be used.
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Other methods can be used to stop a nose bleed if you cannot access these means.  It is a common myth that to stop a nosebleed (and maybe save your favorite shirt) you should lean backward and the blood flow will stop.  This is not true.  The blood simply flows down the throat and possibly the windpipe, causing both your lungs and stomach to become irritated and cause the victim to vomit.  Once you have accomplished this, take two fingers and pinch your nose just below the bony ridge (higher up from he nostrils).  You should not be able to breath out your nose, so breathing out of your mouth is advised.  There should also be no visible bleeding if the nasal passage is properly blocked.  After you have blocked the nose, it should be checked every 5-10 minutes to see if the bleeding has stopped.
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=== [[:Noxzema]] ===
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The best over-counter lotion/crème to alleviate sunburn pains such as stinging/burning is to use Noxzema moisturizer that is found in the stores. It feels terrific especially if you store the Noxzema in a drawer because the crème naturally maintains a cool level which feels incredible on a sun burned skin. Apply enough Noxzema to cover the sunburn completely; and apply a minimum of 2-3 times a day. The sunburn should be gone within 2 days depending on the degree of the sunburn. NOTE: Some of the Noxzema moisturizer's come with Aloe-Vera; and use caution if your skin is sensitive to Aloe-Vera or try another type of Noxzema without Aloe-Vera.
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===[[Oatmeal Bath]]===
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One of the best ways to reduce itching during the [[#Chickenpox|Chickenpox]] is to take an oatmeal bath. There are many different ways to do this. The easiest option is to use Aveeno oatmeal bath packets, they don’t clog the drain and you simply just have to add to warm, running bath water. The cheaper homemade options are to just grind up some dry oatmeal until it is in a powder form and add 2 cups of it to warm bath water, this will also prevent the drain from clogging. A third option is to take old nylons, cut off the then ends and fill with oatmeal and then tie back up and soak it in the warm bath water.
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You should stay in the bath for at least 15-20 minutes for at least two times a day. This will relieve any itchiness from chickenpox. This home remedy is frequently used among many mothers in the United States dealing with children infected with the Chickenpox.
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Another way to utilize oatmeal to its utmost potential is to use it for mosquito bites and Eczema.  It helps reduce the itching and dry skin, and acts as a natural cleanser, because skin oils cling the colloidal particles (a.k.a. a specific part of the oatmeal).
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===[[Oil]]===
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Oil has been known in Portuguese culture to help with children or adults who have symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea, or not being able to eat.  Warm oil is poured on the person's stomach and the healer then uses his/her thumbs to massage the person from the chest, downward, and from the back ribs toward the stomach. Firm pressure is applied because it is believed that the stomach was turned upside down.
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===[[w:Olive Oil|Olive Oil]]===
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[[Image:Olive oil.jpg|150 px|Olive Oil]]
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[[w:wictionary ear infection|Ear infections]] are very common among young children, and often seen in the winter months.  An ear infection can take place in two different areas of the ear.  Otitis media is when the middle ear is infected (usually the case with very young children) and otitis externa, or swimmers ear, located in the external ear.  Both are non contagious infections, yet can be quite bothersome.  Some common symptoms are pain or itch of the ear, fever, sickness, hearing difficulties, dizziness, fluid discharge from the ear, and inflammation of the ear.  Ear infections are often caused by blockage of the Eustachian tube due to an allergies or a cold.  Other reasons may be due to bacteria and or fungi and build up in the ear.
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To treat an ear infection, place some olive oil onto a warm spoon, then put 2 or 3 drops into each ear.  Continue to do this daily, until all symptoms are gone.  This remedy is used in many households, and is quiet effective.
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Washing the hair with olive oil can also be effective in getting rid of [[#Lice| headlice]]. Also, dry hair can be returned to a more healthy and shiny state with olive oil. Apply olive oil liberally all over your head, making sure to reach from root to tip. You can cover your hair with plactic wrap to keep the oil off your clothes and to create a seal. Slightly warming the oil before applying or sitting in the sun with the plastic wrap will help the oil to penetrate the hair shaft. At least 15 minutes should be enough and after a good rinse and shampooing, you will see that your hair is much healthier.
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Olive Oil can reduce dry skin. Applying olive oil to the skin before going out in the sun can help you tan, and it keeps your skin hydrated and silky smooth. Using a small amount of olive oil as a moisterizer beofre going out in the sun will keep your skin more hydrated than normal oil. Don't use too much or the oil will not soak into your skin and will get all over your clothes. This is a home remedy for dry flaky skin. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Omega-3 Fatty Acids]]===
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Omega-3 Fatty Acids are a natural supplement commonly found in fish. People are supposed to have anywhere from 0.5 to 1.8 grams per day either from fish or from a supplement, although it is better for one’s body to take Omega-3 through food. Omega-3’s can prevent sudden cardiovascular issues such as non-fatal heart attacks, non-fatal strokes, and death. It can also prevent health problems such as atherosclerosis, which is a hardening of arteries that can lead to serious health problems. Omega-3’s can slightly lower blood pressure, but they just generally prevent cardiovascular disease.--Rotter 00750682
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===[[w:Onion|Onion]]===
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Coughs that are due to a respiratory infection can be very irritating and painful.  They can also last for long periods at a time.  Luckily, there is a remedy to help treat coughs, which deals with onions, which most likely started in Asia.
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An onion is a rounded edible bulb which is composed of fleshy, tight, concentric leaf bases having a pungent odor and taste.  By chopping an onion very finely chopped and the juices should be extracted from it.  Then, one teaspoon of the extracted juice should be mixed with one teaspoon of honey.  Let the mixture sit out for four to five hours.  This will make a cough syrup that should be taken twice a day; reducing the cough and also phlegm. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Onion_2.JPG
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===[[Onions]]===
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===[[Onion Juice]]===
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Another home remedy for cough that comes from Lima in Peru is the use of onions and sugar. First you cut an onion into quarter inch size pieces. Mix a strong mixture of sugar and water and spray the onions on a plate. Place the plate in the moonlight and tilt the plate so the onions may sweat in the moonlight and the juices may drip down into any container you wish to use. There are no risks for this remedy unless you are allergic to onions.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Onions.jpg
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Another method for avoiding the stinging eyes is simply to rinse your hands, knife, cutting board and pealed onion in cold water without drying afterwards. The water will bind the fumes from the onion.
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===[[Orange Juice]]===
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Orange juice is the perfect fluid for when you are starting to feel any sickness at all. Fluids help to keep your body hydrated and running smoothly and vitamin C from the oranges helps to keep your immune system in top shape. A couple glasses of orange juice at every meal is a great way to help fight off whatever small sickness you feel coming on. Even as your sickness gets worse its important to consistantly supply your immune system with the combination of vitamin C and fluids that it needs to get better.
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The natural sugars in orange juice also makes for a great taste that lets you feel good even when snot is dripping all over your shoes.
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===[[Orange Peel]]===
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In the event of a cut, scrape, or any other scar leaving incident, it is common in the southern parts of the US to use an orange peel instead of a bandage.  By covering the wound with the inside of the orange peel it is supposed to heal without scarring.  In [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] it has recently become more popular to use herbal and home remedies rather than pharmaceuticals or store bought first aid.
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===[[Ouzo Tea]]===
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This is a remedy that is used to help with the healing with many illnesses, but mainly focuses on the common cold.  This would include fevers, bellyaches, etc.  The drink is most effective when consumed before it reaches room temperature.  Ouzo Tea is usually taken anywhere from once to three times a day, morning, noon and night.  It’s simple to make you just add a cap full of Ouzo to a cup of tea and call it a day.  Ouzo is and alcoholic beverage that is relatively strong, so it’s to be used with discretion.  Something to consider would be the age of whom you’d be allowing access to this beverage due to laws restricting minors from consuming alcohol.  The remedy is commonly used in north eastern Africa (i.e. Ethiopia) by people of all ages.
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===[[Passion Flower]]===
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The passion flower has been used to treat insomnia, epilepsy, and has even been used as a painkiller. Dry or fresh (either way it does not matter) leaves from the plant are mixed with water to create a tea, which is then drank by the ailing person. Recovery time depends on severity of the ailment. This flower naturally contains anti-depressents in small amounts, and is not known to be harmful to humans. This method has been used by Native Americans in North, Central, and South America, and has been in use for hundreds if not thousands of years. No written records exist, but this form of medicine has been passed down orally.
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=== [[Papaya]] ===
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Papaya: For fast relief of indigestion or heat burn, eating papaya will help. Papaya is a natural was to reduce the stomach acids. Papaya also comes in pill form for this very reason, where you can take one papaya tablet. Pregnant woman should not eat papaya because papaya has a natural source of estrogen that can cause a miscarriage. Papaya originated from central and south America but can be found anywhere now.
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===[[Peppermint]]===
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Peppermint in the form of canies, mints, or tea can be helpful in curing an upset stomach and also for helping aid in digestion. The peppermint is a good way to sooth the stomach after a big meal or when not feeling well. Peppermint leaves are easy to grow and the fresher they are the more relief they will provide. Making peppermint tea is easy as well just add a couple leaves to hot water and let steep for about 10 minutes. I my case I have felt relief almost instantly.
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===[[Pedialyte]]===
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One of the causes of a hangover is the dehydrating effect of Ethanol, found in alcohol.  A way to combat the dehydration and thereby the symptoms of a hangover is to drink a lot of fluids, preferably something like ''Gatorade'' with a lot of electrolytes.  Even better than ''Gatorade'' and other sports drinks is ''Pedialyte,'' a drink meant for dehydrated children, like those suffering from diarrhea.  Fluids like these should be taken during and after you drink alcohol, and the morning after if necessary.  It’s never a bad idea to drink a lot of fluids anyway, so the only side effect to worry about it having to go to the bathroom a lot.  [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Society]]
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===[[Peppermint Tea]]===
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Peppermint tea is a simple and easy way to ease an [[#Upset Stomach| upset stomach]]. Peppermint is a plant that has long been used for medicinal purposes, including curing upset stomachs.  Drinking peppermint eases the muscles in the stomach that aid in digestion. If the upset stomach is caused by cramped muscles, the peppermint will ease the muscles and let the stomach bile and acids flow smoothly. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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Peppermint tea is also known to stimulate and refresh the senses if used sparingly. After intaking one cup a day of peppermint tea one may notice that he or she has a sharper,and more responsive mind. Everyone is affected differently from peppermint tea and may not get the same results.
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Peppermint tea is not right for everyone, however. Every person is different, and some people may not feel the benefits of it as much as others. Peppermint tea will not be as effective if the cause of the nausea is food poisoning. There is no harm in trying, however. Although, peppermint tea should not be used if the reason for the upset stomach is a disease called gastoesophageal reflux disease.
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===[[Pineapple]]===
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Pineapple is truly one of nature’s medicines.  Pineapple can be considered a preventative, but it can also be considered a remedy.  For instance, five days before my wisdom teeth were removed I began eating pineapple and continued eating pineapple up until I was advised to quit eating.  Five days after my wisdom teeth were removed, I was back to normal.  The reason why pineapple has such amazing healing properties can be attributed to its high levels of an enzyme called [[Wikipedia:Bromelain|bromelain]], and the antioxidant vitamin c.  While bromelain is found in drugs used for arthritis, it is also good for treating bruises, swelling, and tenderness.  The vitamin c helps to boost the immune system, prevent infection, and fuel [[Wikipedia:Collagen|collagen]] which a building block for skin tissue.  So if you are ever scheduled for a surgery, or are even feeling a cold coming on, pineapple’s the right way to go.  It doesn’t taste too bad either.
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===[[Potassium]]===
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Potassium, an essential nutrient in the diet, is an electrolyte, that prevents [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Muscle_Cramping|muscle cramping]] in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Societies]]. Low levels of potassium in one body can cause muscle cramps. One must include plenty of potassium in there diet. It will keep the level of the required nutrients at optimum levels preventing muscle cramping. Bananas, oranges, prunes and potatoes are good sources. The recommended daily amount of potassium is 2,000 milligrams for anyone 10 years or older.
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===[[Potatoes]]===
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[[Image:Red potato.jpg]]
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Bee stings happen frequently to people all over the world. There are bees on every continent with the exception of Antarctica. Therefore; it is not uncommon that one will eventually be stung. Once someone realizes they have been stung, remove the bee's stinger from the body. Wash around it with soap and water to prevent any bacteria from entering the body, and try not to touch the area of the sting, this will prevent any infections. One remedy that can be used to remove the sting is potatoes. If a peeled and sliced potato is placed directly on the sting, it will ‘suck’ out the venom. Potatoes contain allantoin, which is a white powder that is created by oxidation. Allantoin will soothe the inflammation caused by the sting. This remedy is common among the 
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[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Hispanic_Culture|Hispanic society]]
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===[[Potato Juice]]===
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Arthritis is a group of conditions where there is damage caused to the joints of the body.  Raw potato juice therapy has had much success in treating rheumatic and arthritic conditions.  The traditional method of preparing potato juice is to cut a medium-sized potato into thin slices, without peeling the skin, and place the slices overnight in a large glass filled with cold water. The water should be drunk in the morning on an empty stomach.  It has been used in folk medicine for centuries.  This method is used commonly with people in Italy, but can be seen throughout [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#European_Culture|European society]].
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===[[Pressure Points]]===
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Pressure points are based on the traditional Chinese medical model and have to do with the flow and blockage of energy(chi). There are thousands of points all over your body that can be used to relieve practically any symptom, but this can be very complicated. In fact there is a whole system of treatment based around this princepal called Acupressure. The most common ways that these pressure points are used in daily life are for nausea and headache relief. Both of these problems are caused by energy blockage.
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To relieve nausea, press firmly on your breastbone with three fingers. Breathe slowly and deeply; in through your nose, and out through your mouth. Nausea will begin to lessen in about 2 minutes, as the energy in your body begins to flow again. This remedy is particualarly effective when paired with eating Saltine crackers.
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For immediate relief of a headache there is a sequence of points that need to be massaged to get the energy moving. First, using your thumbs or index and middle fingers massage your temples in a clockwise motion. Do this for 30-60 seconds and remember to be gentle. Second, using the tips of your middle fingers, massage the points at the inside ends of your eyebrows. The pressure for this point needs to be almost more then you can stand. Do this for 10-40 seconds. Third, draw and imaginary line from the ends of your eyebrows up to the top of your forehead and massage the points there. These points will be more sensitive so be gentle. Do this for 10-40 seconds. Fourth and lastly, massage the last point which is on the same level as the previous two, but in the center of your forehead. Massage this point for 10-40 seconds, and kiss your headache goodbye.
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[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Culture_Group#Chinese_Culture]]
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===[[Prune Juice]]===
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Prunes are dried plums which are specially grown for this purpose. Prunes are rich in iron and potassium. They are high in fiber and contain modest amounts of vitamin A, vitamin B3 and vitamin B6. Prunes are a valuable food for anyone suffering from high blood pressure and make an ideal laxative.  Constipation is a condition of the digestive system where one can not release feces, and can cause massive stomach pain.  If you are constipated, prune juice has been recommended by most doctors to clear a constipated bowel.  All you need is just 2 or 3 cups of prune juice, and the effect will take place in about an hour or so.  It is that easy, and maybe the in between part might not be that enjoyable but the ending result will be.  It is actually a good thing to include prune juice in your diet to prevent constipation from occurring again.  This method was discovered in Serbia by the townfolk, which is where a lot of plums are grown.
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=== [[Red Wine]] ===
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Considered one of the most favored drinks around the world, red wine is also known to have healing properties. Taken in moderation (recommended one glass per day) red wine is beleived to help reduce your risk of heart disease and other heart-related ailments. It is a stress reliever, and also contains many anitoxidants. The best red wines are organic, sulfite free, which are usually more expensive. However, a decent bottle of  red wine full of rich anitbodies can be around only ten dollars, and of course it is always good to drink it with friends! (see Laughter...)
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Ulcers caused by the bacterium called H. pylori, can be remedied by drinking red wine with meals.This custom is associated with [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#European_culture/European culture]].
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=== [[Reliv]] ===
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Reliv, a nutritional supplement bought from private sellers, is becoming more and more common to cure anything from a nasty hangover to helping with degenerative diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis or Altzheimers.  Reliv is taken in "shakes," between one and six times daily, depending on the dosage you decide on.  It is vitamin-rich, and flushes your system of toxins, then focuses on what your body's immune system needs most.  More information can be found at [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] . Reliv has come out with a lot of different products since it started in 1988. Reliv is a vitamin supplement shake that cleans out the body and replenishes it with necessary vitamins and minerals
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===[[R.I.C.E.]]===
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R.I.C.E. is a method of curing minor injuries such as sprained ankle or strained muscle. By using this method, a person can limit swelling or blood pooling around the injury and will have less scar tissue when healed. The idea is that after receiving the injury, a person uses: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation.
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Rest is essential because the body needs time to heal itself. By resting the area, the body has the time it needs for healing to take place and the likelihood of the area being re-injured goes down. Ice is used to dull the pain and also as a way to limit the amount of blood pooling in the injured area. Ice should never be applied for more than 15-20 minutes and then the area should be left for 20 minutes. This will help the injury to heal faster and to limit scar tissue. Compression is used to limit blood flow, therefore helping to heal faster. A medical wrap, such as an ACE bandage, should be applied around the injury so that it is tight enough to limit blood flow but not too tight to create throbbing or to cut blood flow completely. If it is too tight, re-wrap it looser. Finally Elevation is used to limit swelling of an injury. It is used most effectively when the injured area is kept at a higher level than the heart making it harder for blood to travel there.
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This method should be used just after sustaining a minor injury. It is most effective the more the injured person uses this method. If the injury is more serious, or the swelling and pain do not subside in a couple of weeks, go see a physician.
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http://www.uihealthcare.com/topics/prepareemergencies/prep4922.html
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http://physicaltherapy.about.com/od/sportsinjuries/p/RICE.htm
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===[[Rum]]===
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A common method of relieving teething pains in babies is to soak a clean wash rag in Rum and let the child suck and gum the rag. It provides a numbing sensation in the mouth and calms the baby down. It has been used in many cultures for many years. This method should be used sparingly and with care since alcohol is used.
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===[[Sage]]===
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The Sage plant is an herb that has been used to help reduce excessive perspiration, digestive problems, sore throats, premenstrual cramps, and high blood sugar. Hot Sage Gargle can be used to help cure sore throats. In order to do this, 1 to 2 teaspoons of sage leaves should be mixed with 1 cup of boiling water and let to steep for 10 minutes. This should be gargled at least twice a day for best results. It should not be given to children under the age of 2. This practice has been common throughout history in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#European_Culture|European society]], but more recently has spread arround the globe.
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===[[saline nasal wash]]===
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===[[Salditas]]===
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Sucking on or eating salditas, also known as salted plums will help heal sore throats. Be cautious of consuming too many plums, it may result in diarrhea. Eat one to two daily, until symptoms seem to decline. This remedy originated from the Asian culture but was later adapted by the Hispanic culture.
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===[[Salmon]]===
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Salmon can be eaten to reduce high blood pressure. The oils from the fish have amazing properties that fight heart disease. There are also pill forms of fish oil that can be taken, but the best is to eat the actual fish. This was first the way of the native americans and then as we learned about the health benefits we started to adopt part of the diet of the native peoples.
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[[Disease_Prevention_Practices#Salmon|salmon]]
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[[Disease_Prevention_Practices#Glass of red wine|glass of red wine]]
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=== [[Saltines and Sprite ]]===
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Im sure that everyone has had an upset stomach before and nows how much of a pain it can be.  You may try to eat some food but you are unable to keep it down for more than a few minuits before it comes back up.  There is a simple cure for this.  By slowly eating saltine crackers and sipping on sprite through out the day when you are in such a situation you will find that it helps you out.  There is something about the simplicity of the cracker that is easy enough on your stomach that allows you to keep it down.  It also allows your body to get some energy and help fight off the stomach bug.  The sprite is nice and easy on your stomach as well.  Its light and plain flavor is the perfect match with the crackers allowing your body to take in some sugar and give your immune system the boost it needs.
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A good substitute for Saltines is "Fairy Toast". This is made by thinly slicing French Bread and baking it in the oven with a little salt sprinkled over the top. It's a little more mild and flavorful then the traditional Saltine crackers. And if your stomach's feeling up to it, spread a little butter on the toast.
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===[[Salt Solution Nasal Spray]]===
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Mucus stuck in the sinuses after a cold can cause many problems, such as sinus pain or pressure, head ache, and sore throat from excess mucus running down the back of the throat. Using a salt solution nasal spray is a very effective way to get rid of excess mucus and feel better. To make the solution, combine 1 quart warm water (distilled or boiled, if possible), with 1 tablespoon pickling, canning, or sea salt (not table salt), and one teaspoon baking soda. Put the mixture into a clean nasal spray container. Lean your head over the sink and spray the solution toward the back of your head. Keep solution in nose for as long as possible, and then blow out.
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This treatment should be used 2 to 3 times daily to break down and clear away mucus, for as long as it takes to clean out the sinuses. If this treatment is used too frequently or incorrectly it could cause irritation in the nose and sinuses. It is a common American treatment used to help with colds and nasal congestion.
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Such a solution can also be gargled to help remedy canker sores, a sore throat, or cough. Don't swallow the mixture, and also don't use the same mixture for both your nose and your gargling. Gargle, spit the solution out into the sink, and repeat with fresh unused solution.
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===[[Salt and Water]]===
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http://i21.photobucket.com/albums/b275/flutertooter3/saltwater.jpg
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A mixture of salt and warm water has proven to be very effective when faced with a sore throat, cold sore, canker sore, or cut in one's mouth.  Often the symptoms associated with these problems, including redness, inflammation, or soreness indicate possible infection or overall uncleanliness in the affected area.  A salt solution made by mixing sea salt and warm water acts as a disinfecting/cleansing agent and can be used to reduce and or prevent further infection.  A common way to make the salt water solution is by mixing 1 teaspoon of salt(use sea slat for the Idodine), 1 teaspoon of baking soda(NOT baking powder), and 1 pint of water together.  If the solution is too salty it will dessicate the mucosa of the throat and potentially lead to an even greater irritation.  Rinse out the mouth and gargle with the solution, but be careful not to swallow.  Repeat this procedure 2-3 times daily until swelling goes down or pain is reduced.
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When suffering from a sore throat, whether the inflammation is caused by an infection, an allergy or an injury, gargling a salty solution of water can help soothe the discomfort.  The reason why this works is that when you introduce a solution with a higher percentage of salt content than that of your body, it will draw out some of the fluid in your throat associated with the swelling, like salting a slug draws out the moisture in its body.  While a little salt won’t dry you up like a slug, it’s important to note that too salty of a solution can actually cause more discomfort!  A teaspoon of table salt dissolved into around 8oz of warm water will do the trick.
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My Mom has forced me to use this remedy everytime that I get a soar throat. I believe that this works in a different way than previously stated. Instead of pulling the mucous out of the throat like a salted slug it makes the throat more moisturized. This relieves the parchness that results in a soar throat. The more salt used will result in more mucous and will then treat the soar throat better.
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Gargling salt water is an age old remedy that helps relieve pain associated with a sore throat.  This remedy is best utilized if you catch the sore throat at an early stage.  The reasoning behind using water with a high concentration of salt is to soak out the some of the inflaming agents that cause a sore throat.  Additionally, salt water has a certain cleansing effect with regard to viral or bacterial infection.  A normal salt to water ratio is 1/2 teaspoon per 8 ounces of water.  This remedy provides only short term relief, and must be repeated often to continue to see results.  But over/extended use may cause more harm than help. As a good rule of thumb don’t gargle more than 2 teaspoons an hour, this will allow for 4 gargles per hour, which should be plenty.  This is a family practice, passed down generation by generation, and has no specific cultural ties.
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Hot salt-water is also a recommended remedy for preventing and/or healing infected body piercings. The professionals at Old School Tattoo in downtown Bellingham offer a small bag of seasalt to each of their newly-pierced clients, and instruct them to imerse their new body-art fully in hot salt-water for a minimum of 15 minutes each day until the piercing is healed. They are also instructed to begin this treatment again if the piercing becomes red, swolled, and/or infected to battle the bacteria.
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Gargling a glass of warm salt water provides temporary immediate relief from a sore throat. This is important in western culture because as a [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Society]] they tend to want things to happen instantly. Sore throats are usually due to inflammation which causes pain, swelling and an itching or irritated sensation in the throat. The inflammation is usually caused by bacteria and other germs that take over your soft tissues or mucosa. These inflammations, also known as edemas, are usually filled with water and the salt then works its way into your throat. The salt draws out the edema fluid which kills the bacteria. Gargling with salt water does provide immediate relief and the relief is real however it doesn't necessarily cure the ailment.
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===[[Salty Plums]]===
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Salty plums are plums that have been dried out and covered with a small layer of licorice and a fine powder that gives them a salty, tangy taste.  While they are often eaten as a snack, when a person is sick, they are often used to calm a sore throat.  The person is given one salty plum, every few hours to soothe the irritated throat. It is often said that salty plums are craved by pregnant women, so they are also used to “calm down” a woman during her pregnancy.  This remedy is used by various asian cultures.
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===[[Salvia Divinorum]]===
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Salvia Divinorum is a plant in the sage family that contains the chemicals Salvinorin A and B.  In high doses Salvinorin acts as a powerful hallucinogen producing a wide variety of effects.  It is currently legal under federal law, but a few states have but laws in places restricting or banning the refined chemical as well as the plant.  Smoking or chewing the leaf is commonly used as a meditation aid or alternative to the illegal plant cannabis, although its effects are nothing like those of cannabis.  Extracts of the plant containing higher concentrations of Salvinorin have been shown experientially to interrupt addiction.  Drug users who smoke this plant often lack the desire to use drugs for some time after their Salvia experience.  The extracts can also be used to gain new perspectives.  It also has some similarities to hypnotism in accessing buried memories or what some people believe to be past lives.  The plant has a long history of shamanic use in South America.  In fact, the plant cannot be found in the wild.  This is thought to be due to the plants poor method of reproduction.  The plant was rediscovered fairly recently by western botanists, by discovering living specimans in shamans' gardens.
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===[[Sauerkraut]]===
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Sauerkraut juice is a simple remedy that can be found right in the fridge or at the grocery store.  It is often used to cure [[#Canker Sores| Canker Sores]] in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Culture]], where it is readily available.  Simply swish a tablespoon of sauerkraut juice in the mouth once or twice a day for 30 seconds.  After a couple of days, the size and pain of the sore should reduce.  This may be repeated until the canker sore has healed.  Also, it may be done continuously to prevent future sores from forming.
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===[[Sea Legs]]===
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When your out at sea and you begin to get sea sick and [[#Dramamine]] has failed you there is only one remedy. Many sailors and pirates have used this remedy for years. I learned this remedy while out on fishing charter out of Westport Washington. The first step is to work your way to the side of the violently rocking boat. Then enjoy the view. Gazing at the horizon will quickly diminish the effects of sea sickness. Focuses on the tip of the horizon were the sky meets the water; this in effect will help with your balance and aide the equilibrium in your inner ear. Many people tend to go inside when they feel sick this tends to only worsen the problem. This should be repeated as much as possible. To assure that chumming does not occur.
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===[[Shark Liver Oil]]===
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If a [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Diaper Rash|Diaper Rash]] is really getting out of hand, and there is a strong red complexion of the skin, applying shark liver oil to the affected area during diaper change should rid of the rash in a couple of days. This is more of a [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western Culture|Western Culture]] remedy for diaper rash, considering that diapers are used more in the Western Cultures.
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===[[Shoes]]===
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Many common backaches can be cured simply by wearing the proper shoes. Many lower back problems can be caused by wearing shoes with little or no arch support while exercising. When shopping for shoes, be sure to find a pair that fit the specific needs of your feet, or remove the sole of your existing shoes and replace them with in-soles with arch support. Also, high-heels on a regular basis can cause poor posture which may lead to upper-back and shoulder soreness. This treatment has no risks or side-effects.
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===[[Sleep Insomnia]]===
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This remedy is used when you are having trouble falling asleep at night, or wake up in the middle of the night and cannot go back to sleep.  Start with heating about 8 ounces or one cup of milk, in the microwave just enough to make it warm.  Next add a tablespoon of brandy, stir and drink. 
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This remedy can be repeated nightly, not more than once per night.  Make sure you do not put in more than one table spoon of brandy per 8 ounces of milk.  This has no immediate side effects unless you are lactose intolerant are allergic to the alcohol in the bourbon, if either of those situations are true you should stay away from this remedy.  This remedy has been mostly used in European and American cultures.  Most likely this remedy originated in Europe.
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===[[Slug]]===
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[[Image:Stinging_nettle_01_-_Green.jpg|250px]]
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When one walks in a place with heavy or wild vegetation, they may encounter an especially nasty plant called the stinging nettle. When one’s bare skin comes into contact with the stinging nettle, their skin will break out. It’s often a red dot on the skin that resembles a mosquito bite, a raised red bump. Though the rash is temporary, it’s fairly painful. The slug is a wonderful remedy for this pain. By rubbing the numbing slime against the rash, the pain of the stinging nettle will be alleviated.
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This remedy only alleviates the pain. Once one stops applying the remedy, the pain may come back. The slug might also fail if one has a particular strong or painful reaction to the stinging nettle. Stinging nettle can be found in North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. This remedy probably originates from any of these places that also have slugs.
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===[[Soju Disenfectant]]===
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Cuts, even small and seemingly insignificant ones can quickly cause infection if left untreated. Normally one would use a disenfectant such as rubbing alcohol. This is essentially the same procedure, only using a potent alcohol that is the chief beverage of South Korea. Bottles of Soju can be found in virtually every store in korea and is incredibly low priced and tastes like cheap vodka so there are no tears shed in dabbing some into a cut. The drink itself is a 40 proof beverage that is made out of potatoes and is essentially ethanol mixed with water. While it is not as potent as rubbing alcohol, it is nontheless effective at disenfecting a small wound for the poor man.
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Simply rinse out the wound with some water and pour small amounts of Soju onto the wound, and take a towel and hold it on the effected area until dry, then put on a bandage. The adverse affect being the cut area will burn because of the disenfectant, but that is to be expected. This has been practiced in Korea for years and will no doubt continue as drunk people continue to hurt themselves in the future.
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===[[Soybean Paste]]===
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[[Image:12 017.jpg|thumb|The Korean Dish, [[wikipedia:Doenjang|Doenjang]]]]
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Soybean paste used to make the Korean dish, [[wikipedia:Doenjang|Doenjang]] chigae, can be used to treat [[#Bee Stings|Bee Stings]].  Once stung by a bee, apply the soybean paste on the sting for about 15 minutes, or until the paste dries.  The paste will lessen the pain, itchiness, and swelling of the victim.  No risks or symptoms apply with this remedy.  Because of the popular Korean dish, soybean paste is a well-known remedy for the Korean culture, however may be popular in other cultures.
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===[[Sports Drinks]]===
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Sports drinks when watered down by half, contain the electrolites you need to help get over the flu much quicker then without the supplement. When you are inflicted by the flu virus, take a bottle of common sports drinks, such as gatorade, or powerade, and pour half of it into a water bottle. Fill the rest of the water bottle to the top, with cold clear water. Keep the bottle with you, and sip on it over the course of the day. Repeat until symptoms have ceased, or lessened. By gaining these electrolites, the body has more strength and energy in order to help fight off the flu virus, as opposed to just drinking plain sprite or water. There are no risks to using these treatments, and not many people in our culture know about it.[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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Image:Gatorade-bottle.JPG
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===[[Sprained Ankle]]===
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A sprained ankle can be a very painful experience and sometimes the pain can last weeks if not attended to properly. When the injury first occurs, if shoes are worn, the laces of the shoe should be tightened to create more pressure which helps lessen the amount of swelling. Ice then needs to be applied in the following order: 20 minutes on followed by 20 minutes off. The ice slows down the blood flow to the injury and will keep the swelling down. When icing the injury keep it elevated above heart level. This also keeps slows the rapid flow of blood to the injured foot. Soaking the injury in warm water with Epsom salts will also help the injury.
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===[[Sprite and Crackers]]===
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Sprite and crackers are a good way to ease an [[#Upset Stomach| upset stomach]]. Upset or queasy stomachs occur for a number of reasons, but usually develop from higher levels of stomach acid or excess air bubbles in the stomach. Crackers are good for neutralizing acids in the stomach and the carbonation from the Sprite helps to release some of the air bubbles through burping.
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One hazard of this technique is, depending on the severity of the upset stomach, the crackers and the Sprite may not stay down long enough. It is best to take a little at a time, and make sure the Sprite is not too cold. If it is too cold, the coldness may shock the already upset stomach.
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Any bland crackers will work for this. Saltines are good, as well as Ritz or Club crackers. 7-Up, or any other carbonated drink, may be substituted for the Sprite. It is important, however, to make sure that the beverage is non-caffeinated, because caffeine can make an upset stomach worse.
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===[[St. John's Wort]]===
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St. John's wort, also known as Klamath or Goat weed, is a flowering herb used to naturally help in treating mild to moderate depression, anxiety, and [[#Stress|stress]]. The flowering tops of this plant are usually dried and brewed into an herbal tea treatment, or it can also be administered in a capsule form. An active ingredient in St. John's wort is hypericin, which is commonly used in treating depression.  Many research studies claim St. John's wort to be of great use, while others deny its effectiveness. If taken in a tea form, it should be drunk three times daily, and it will take about a month to really determine its efficacy. There are some side effects, but much fewer than with prescription anti-depressant drugs. Some effects include sensitivity to sunlight, fatigue, and upset stomach. Though indigenous to Europe, this remedy dates back to ancient Greece and early Native Americans. This plant is now grown all over the world and is used by people of many different ethnic backgrounds. [ http://nccam.nih.gov/health/stjohnswort/ ]
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===[[Steam Shower]]===
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One remedy used to cure a cough is a steam shower. A cough from a cold is caused by a buildup of phlegm or other fluid in the respiratory tract. When one has a cough that won’t clear up, a bathroom with a shower can be used. They first must make sure all doors and windows are closes. They then turn on the hot water, without stepping into the shower or even disrobing. The hot water fills the bathroom with hot steam. The moist, warm air acts as a humidifier. By breathing this in, the steam breaks up the phlegm and thus there is no more need to cough. They can breath in the steam for however long it takes the cough to go away. This might not work for a particular strong cough or a cough that is a result of something other than buildup. It is unknown where the use of steam to relieve coughs originates from. The United States uses steam to stay healthy and comfortable, from saunas to steam facials. The steam shower can be used in any cultures that use hot showers.
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===[[Stinging Nettles]]===
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Surprisingly, despite the rash and pain an encounter with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stinging_nettles stinging nettles] causes,the plant is often used by Native American cultures as a healing agent. A tea made from boiling this herb can serve as a digestive aid or an appetite stimulant. The tea can also be used as an external skin wash to help fight minor infections and other skin disorders. Stinging nettle tea is also believed to help alleviate the bite of chiggers and mosquitoes, although Native Americans prefer other plants for this use over nettles. By mixing a strong tea with tallow and using it as a hand lotion you can treat dried and chapped hands.[[image:nettle.jpg|thumb]]
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===[[Sugar and Water]]===
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Another great home remedy to relieve [[#Hiccups|hiccups]] is with sugar and water. Take about a teaspoon of dry sugar and place at the tip of your tongue. Drink about 4-8 ounces of water to wash the sugar down. Repeat these steps up to three more times at two-minute intervals if necessary but usually the first time is successful. See a doctor if you have severe pain, if your hiccups last longer than a day (or 3 hours in the case of a small child), or if they started after you took a prescription medication. This remedy is not recommended for people with Diabetes. This method was actually found through an Eastern Washington publication known as "Tidbits."  Sugar cubes are also very effective because they stay in your mouth and are easier to handle than a teaspoon of sugar.
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===[[Sunburns]]===
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When my dad was a kid he used vinegar on his sunburns to cut down on the stinging. To apply one would use a sponge and apply to your skin liberally every couple of hours. Make sure it is distilled vinegar. Make sure you do not get it near your eyes or in open wounds. Since my dad grew up in South America, I would think that it this is part of the South American culture.
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Another popular and cross-cultural practice to relieve sunburn woes is the use of a short, green, mean-looking plant called aloe-vera. By slitting the blades of the plant along the side, splitting them open, and applying the cool, goey insides directly on your sunburn, you will be saving yourself a lot of post-sunbathing pain. Whatever you do, however, DO NOT venture back into the hot sun with this aloe-vera goo on your un-covered flesh. It will attract the sun, and you will burn worse than before. So, apply generously and apply in the shade!
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The best over-counter lotion/crème to alleviate sunburn pains such as stinging is to use Noxzema moisturizer that is found in the stores. It feels terrific especially if you store the Noxzema in a drawer because the crème naturally maintains a cool level which feels incredible on a sun burned skin. Apply enough Noxzema to cover the sunburn completely; and apply a minimum of 2-3 times a day. The sunburn should most likely be gone within 2 days depending on the degree of the sunburn. NOTE: Some of the Noxzema moisturizer's come with Aloe-Vera; and use caution if your skin is sensitive to Aloe-Vera.
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===[[Superglue]]===
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An easy way to help prevent from going to the doctor is the use of [[#Superglue|superglue]].  Superglue is used typical in and around the home but for a quick way to take away pain from a cut and to stop the bleading is the bondage of the tissues and the blockage of the air.  This type of glue may only take a drop and is fast drying, it needs to be reapplied once a day because it can rub off throughout the day.  For bigger cuts, be careful not to use too much, a drop is all that should be needed, and make sure that the surface area is dry and the bleeding has been stopped.
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===[[Sweat it Out]]===
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This remedy is used to help with colds.  It can take anywhere from 15 minutes a day to a session that takes hours, it all depends.  A factor that plays a part in time is how ill the individual is.  You want to allow the ill persons as much time as possible to sweat out.  Some special considerations with this method would be to keep in mind the body will be losing fluid during the process.  This means that one must be sure to replenish the ill so they don’t become dehydrated.  Some techniques to sweating out a cold are to take an extremely hot bath/shower for a good amount of time, curling up in an electric blanket, or even hitting up a sauna.  Exercising isn’t recommended.  Sweating out it a technique used among a diverse group of people.  Probably the most apt name for this remedy/preventative practice is a Purging, it is a method used to prevent or counter-act a mild but potentially incapacitating sickness such as the common cold or the flu.  The idea here is to literally ‘sweat’ the malady out of you; drink a liberal amount of liquid before bed (i.e. a gallon of water), then put extra blankets and covers (a down comforter works great) on your bed, cover yourself up, and go to sleep.  Hopefully the combination of lots of liquid and extra warmth a.k.a, heat will have a purging effect, don’t expect a pleasant nights rest though.  The entire process should take between 8 and 12 hours (depending on how long you sleep), and is best used in situations where you need to be active the next day.  This is a family practice, passed down generation by generation, and has no specific cultural ties, though it may be attributed to the Irish.  There are no special considerations, unless you have a sever bladder problem.
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===[[Sweat Lodge]]===
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This was a technic used by the [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Native American_Culture|native american culture]]in order to purify the body and mind.  They would heat up hot coals and sit in a tightly closed room whenever they felt that they were becoming ill. The duration of time spent in the lodge depends on the situation.  This practice steams  out essentially all the bad and leaves the body purified both mentally and physically.
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===[[Tea Bags]]===
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Tea bags, any kind of tea(but usually you should refrain from lemon and hibiscus flavors), can cure stys in your eyes. A sty is a painful little bump that you can get on your eyelid, usually from painfully removing a eyelash, weither on purpose or not.  If you soak the tea bag in hot water, like to make tea, then place the tea bag on your eye, the heat and tea will sooth the sty and bring back the originality of your eyelid. Be careful to let the tea bag cool just slightly before placing it on your eye otherwise you will suffer more discomfort then originally.
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Another use of tea bags is reducing puffy eyes. Heat two tea bags in the microwave until they are warm, but not too hot. After you have heated them up, squeeze them out(so you won't have the liquid running down your face), and lie down and place the bags over each eye until they cool naturally. I have done this many times and it never fails me.
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Another treatment with the use of tea bags is for healing [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Blisters|blisters]].  One should use a non-flavored tea bag and soak it in a cup of hot water just as if making a drink.  After 2-3 minutes, when the tea bag begins to soak up the water, remove it and place it directly on the open wound/blister.  For 10 minutes, push slightly down on the tea bag, allowing the herb juice within to trickle out onto the wound.  After 10 minutes, check the skin surrounding the blister for a discoloration of either tan, brown, yellow, or orange skin.  If this is apparent, take the tea bag off.  If not, soak the tea bag on the blister for 2 more minutes.  For the next half hour leave the blister open to fresh air, no allowing it to touch any objects or clothing.  One should continue this process twice a day until the blister is properly healed.  This treatment with tea bags will allow the blister to heal quickly.  This remedy is used in a [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Society]] with mostly athletes such as gymnasts.
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[[Image:Teebeutel.jpg|50px|tea bag]]
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===[[Tea Bag Simmer]]===
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The use of standard tea bags can get rid of unwanted [[#Warts| Warts]] on your hands. Pour boiling water into a bowl large enough to fit both hands into. Add five tea bags. Once the water is cool enough but still hot, place both hands into the bowl and let simmer. Leave your hands here until the water become cold, about 15 minutes. Repeat this procedure everyday until receiving desired results. After a month of doing this everyday, your warts should reduce in size. This method of wart removal is found in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Culture]].
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[[Image:Teebeutel.jpg|150px|tea bag]]
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===[[Tea Bag Soak]]===
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This home remedy is to help eliminate a [[#Stye|Stye]]. Moisten a non-herbal tea bag with hot water and place on the infected eye for 10 to 15 minutes. The tea, which is rich in medicinal properties, helps draw out the infection in the eye, and relieves swelling. For best results, use a Japanese Green tea made with [[#Ban-cha Leaves|Ban-cha Leaves]].
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===[[Teaspoonful of Sugar for Hiccups]]===
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There are countless remedies to curing hiccups, from the normal (swallowing or gargling with water) to the plain weird (tickling your mouth with a q-tip while upside down). Simply put, there are two principles to look at when using a home remedy to cure the hiccups, according to George Triadafilopoulos (a gastroenterologist at UC Davis): Over stimulating the vagus nerve (a nerve running from the brain to abdomen that causes hiccups), or methods that interfere with breathing, which increases the amount of carbon dioxide in a person’s blood, causing the body to be more occupied with ridding itself of the carbon dioxide than making hiccups.
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The home remedy that is the sweetest, deals with overloading the nerve endings in your mouth. By simply placing a teaspoonful of sugar onto the back of the tongue, where ‘sour’ receptors are located, the nerves will become overloaded with a sweet sensation. Repeat as necessary whenever hiccups occur.
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===Tea-Tree Oil (for acne) (and wounds)===
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Although it may not be the most popular form of acne control, tea-tree oil does in fact help. In the form of body wash, or face wash, tea-tree oil works wonders for the skin. More commonly known in parts of Australia and other countries around the world, this harvested oil is quite beneficial. By washing your face with this concoction or any other affected area of the body twice a day, acne will soon begin to clear itself up. Used for the duration of your choice and varies among individuals.  Generally used until apparent results are acquired. Located within the health areas of most stores, comparatively speaking this method does run a little higher in cost. Harvested from acres of tea trea farms and then compressed in order to obtain the oil, it's an all natural method that disrupts the development of acne and also keeps our complexion looking and feeling healthier.
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Tea Tree Oil is also very useful when it comes to body piercings. If your particular piercing is hesitant to heal or becomes infected, dab a q-tip full of pure tea tree oil on the affected area two to three times daily. It also works wonders on the ever-dreaded "bump" that many nose and other cartalidge piercings tend to develop. Just dab the oil on, and the bump will disapear in days.
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Tea Tree Oil is best used in the sterilizing and the healing of wounds. After one recieves a cut or an abrasion thourougly clean the wound then take the appropriate amount of Tea Tree Oil, which is enough to cover the size of the wound, and apply it with a q-tip or cotton swab.  Then cover with a bandage.  Continue to apply oil (daily) unitil wound is healed. [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]]
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===[[Therapy Dogs]]===
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[[Image:Rough Collies.jpg|250px]]
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A recent growing trend in the United States, Canada, and the UK is the use of therapy dogs to help patients suffering from various physical or mental limitations. A therapy dog can be of any breed and they range from tiny Chihuahuas to large St. Bernards. Therapy dogs are often confused with service dogs yet the two serve very different purposes. Service dogs are trained to help people with disabilities with their day-to-day life ; this help may include leading a blind person, alerting a deaf person to sounds, pulling a wheelchair, etc. On the other hand, a therapy dog is used for either "Animal Assisted Therapy" or "Animal Assisted Activites". These are both simply visits between a patient at a hospital, nursing home, children's hosptial etc and a dog. The two different kinds of visits are structured quite differently: one is considered "formal" while the other is "informal". A formal visit is between a dog and a patient that have been matched up to each other and will see each other exclusively. These visits have goals designed by the doctors such as increasing the ability to pick up things like a ball and learning to throw it for the dog, or with a mentally disabled patient increasing the time that he/she can focus on the dog with hopes of gradually increasing that until there is an actual interaction. An informal visit, which would be under the category of Animal Assisted Activities, would include one dog visiting many people in a hospital. These shorter visits are made to give the patients a distraction from their illness or difficulties and to hopefully have a positive effect on them--mentally and physically.
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There have not been many studies done on the affect of these dogs on the patients but those that have been published all show great results. It is now medically proven that petting a dog or cat lowers blood pressure and a recent study done by UCLA shows that spending at least half an hour a week with a therapy dog drastically lowers loneliness among patients. Although there have not been enough tests done to title this belief as "medically sound", more and more people are becoming firm believers that the use of therapy dogs helps patients living with depression immensely.
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The only risks involved are if a dog becomes aggitated and acts out suddenly or if they get spooked and run into something such an I.V. pole or the patient they are visiting. The dogs are thoroughly screened and must pass a series of tests in order to become certified, which greatly lowers these risks.
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http://www.cofc.edu/~huntc/service.html
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http://www.dogplay.com/Activities/Therapy/therapy.html
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===[[Tobacco Usage]]===
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Tobacco is the most commonly used drug on the market today.  Most notably from cigarettes and chewing tobacco, yet now a more common fad is hookah, which is another way that tobacco has entered many lives.  When first thoughts of tobacco arise in the minds of others it is seen as bad.  However there are some benefits of using tobacco, nicotine. Nicotine is a mild stimulant to the nervous system. Some of the short term effects of nicotine include increased pulse rate and blood pressure due to constricting of the blood vessels, helps some people to concentrate, relax, and reduce [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#stress|stress]].  Nicotine can also help stimulate a person’s metabolism so that they will not eat as much, in turn helping them lower their weight. 
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Tobacco usage varies greatly; depending on the users, they may distinguish the time and duration of their tobacco product.  Taking a chew for instance lasts much longer than a cigarette, resulting in different needs from different products.  As time goes on, a tobacco user may become psychologically dependent on the nicotine, increasing usage and amount.  Yet, like most drugs, you start out slow and then become more of a frequent user.  Using tobacco products may relieve psychological messes, but it can leave you with numerous amounts of discomfort if used in excess: cancer, gingivitis, yellow teeth, stomach ulcers, and possibly bad breath/stinky clothes.
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In [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western Society]], the use of has increasingly over time become an integrated part of our culture. With society’s emphasis on an ideal image, many women resort to smoking cigarettes as a form of weight loss. In addition to weight loss, many users have become dependent on tobacco as a way of relieving stress.
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===[[W:Onychomycosis| Toenail Fungus]]===
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[[#Brittle Nails| Brittle Nails]]
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Toenail fungus, also called Onychomycosis represents 20% of fungal infections. Fungus’ can be caused by many things including yeast and mold. This particular type of fungus affects 6-8% of the adult population.
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Vicks Vapor Rub has an amazing ability to reduce the fungus under the nails, as does Listerine. Apply a small dab of Vicks Vapor Rub under each toenail that is infected and let sit for at least an hour. Cover with a band aid to protect from other fungal infection. With Listerine, prepare a foot bath with a small amount of Listerine in the bottom (at least enough to reach under your toenails) and let soak for about 10 min. If conditions do not improve in one day, repeat all steps.
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This method is associated with purely American culture.  It originated after a study of the strong disinfecting powers of Listerine and Vicks Vapor Rub.
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===[[Tofu]]===
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Significant amounts of tofu in the diet may aid in aging of the skin by means of increasing skin elasticity. Thus, the consumption may help with a number of symptoms that come with time including skin firmness and control of wrinkles. The active ingredient in this remedy is isoflavone which helps produce collagen. Isoflavone may also be found in other soy products and legumes.
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[http://www.thehealthierlife.co.uk/article/3468/anti-ageing.html]
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===[[Tomato Juice]]===
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This is a remedy that can be used to rid yourself of the skunk odor after you have been sprayed by a skunk. Of course, you can use this remedy after being sprayed by the skunk.
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To practice this remedy you need a lot of tomato juice, somewhere around two gallons, if not more. Once you have the juice, you then bath in it, just as you would as normal when bathing, except you don’t use any products other then tomato juice. It doesn’t take too long, about 10-15 minutes. Just long enough to thoroughly cover you with the juice. Usually it only takes one or two times of bathing until the stench is gone, but repeat the bathing process until the stench is gone.
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===[[Toothpaste]]===
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Nearly everyone in the world has had a zit at one point in time. These red skin lesions can occur anywhere on your body where oil and dirt block your body’s pores. Acne, or the appearance of many zits, can be treated many times by over-the-counter products. I have found that toothpaste will many times reduce and the size, redness and pain in zits. I would recommend putting a pea sized amount of toothpaste, any brand, on a zit for two nights before going to bed. The ingredients in toothpaste help to dry up the zit and therefore reduce it in size, redness and pain. No risks are associated with using toothpaste to dry up a zit.
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Using toothpaste as a remedy against zits is used mostly among teenagers, but also by those of all ages who suffer from acne in the western culture.Applying toothpaste to [[#Acne|Acne]] before you go to bed will help reduce the size of and clear a pimple. The toothpaste helps to dry the skin on and around the pimple. Simply dab a small pea-sized amount of toothpaste on the pimple when you go to bed and leave it on overnight. In the morning wash your face and your pimple should be reduced in size and redness. You should repeat for a few nights or until the pimple is gone. This is a home remedy used among mainly teenagers but adults as well. If the skin becomes over dry and pimple has not reduced in size discontinue use. Make sure to use a toothpaste that is thick and actually a paste-like substance, rather than a clear, gel toothpaste. The paste will dry in a way that will extract the oil overnight but the gel will not have this effect.
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If you are afflicted by a stinging nettle rash, spread a thin layer of toothpaste over it and it should reduce the sting's effects significantly.  Toothpastes with baking soda seem to have the best results.  After a half an hour or so the toothpaste can be washed off.
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Also, if you wake up in the morning with an itchy [[#Bug Bite|Bug Bite]], toothpaste can relieve this irritation.  Simply apply toothpaste; (any type of toothpaste works, but I have found that non-gel toothpaste works best), to the itchy bug bite.  Be sure to cover the entire bite and let the toothpaste dry before you put on clothes.  If the itchiness returns, take a wash-cloth and dampen it with warm water to remove the toothpaste and reapply a new layer.
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Toothpaste can come in handy in many ways to add to the common use of brushing teeth and the already noted above uses, you can also use toothpaste to relieve the pain after getting a [[#Burns|Burn]]. After burning yourself apply original Crest toothpaste liberally to the burned area. You must use the original paste, not the gel. This will relieve you of the pain/burning sensation you will feel. After the pain has resided leave the paste on the burn until it dries then wash off, if at anytime before the burn heals it starts bothering you again reapply the toothpaste and repeat the above  steps to relieve yourself from the pain. See also [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]].
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===[[Toothpaste and Honey]]===
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This odd combination of household items can help with the quick overnight rid of a large blemish. Clean the blemish with a facial cleanser and apply the honey to the blemish. The natural bacteria in the honey fights the bacteria in the blemish. Then apply a small bit of toothpaste (not a gel kind) to a bandaid and place the bandaid over the blemish.  The toothpaste helps to dry your skin after the honey fights the bacteria. The bandaid is there so that you don't get toothpaste or honey all over your pillow that night.  Allow 8 to 10 hours for the invected area to show a dramatic decrease in size.
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=== [[:Tryptophan]] ===
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Tryptophan, or better known now as 5-HTP, has been used in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western culture]] as a sleep aid, as a mood enhancer and as well as a dietary supplement for obesity. 5-HTP works by balancing out the serotonin levels in your brain to reach the desired effects listed above. It is also used in the drug scene in the Western Culture to help with the “hangover” that is sometimes produced from some drugs such as MDMA (ecstasy), which increases the output of serotonin by inhibiting the receptors in the brain.
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===[[Tulsi for Insect Bites]]===
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The herb [[#Tulsi|Tulsi]] can be used for relief for [[#Insect Bites|insect bites]] or other skin irritations. A small done of the juice of the plant is taken orally once, and then again in 2 hours, which should clear up insect bites or reduce their irritation. Also, a paste made from the root of the plant is used topically for relief for the bites or other topical irritations. There appear to not be any negative side effects from using this herb, and not only does it relieve insect bites, but has a myriad of purposes as a healing herb. The Tulsi plant originated in India and is a major part of the Hindu religion; most believe it is the incarnation of a goddess in plant form, blessed with healing powers. There exist several rituals involving the worship of Tulsi plants in the [[#Hindu Religion|Hindu]] religion, and has been used as a healing and prevention tool for centuries.
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===[[Turmeric]]===
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Turmeric is believed to be a medicine of all illnesses. When used in milk, it can prevent swelling of bruises if consumed. It is also believed to help cancer, heart problems, blood pressure, and overall good health. Turmeric is a powerful antioxidant and immune booster. In addition, it is used by many athletes, to help reduce swelling or bruises from a hard day’s workout. It is best to drink at night for one to two days. One half a teaspoon of turmeric added to a glass of boiled milk is sufficient for one dosage. Turmeric is also commonly consumed in food (in balance of course with hot and cold foods) It has no side effects or risks, except for that it stains clothes really easily. The use of turmeric originates from both Middle Eastern and Indian cultures. In Iran, Zardchoobeh (which in Farsi means turmeric) is mostly used in food. In India it is more commonly used in hot milk.
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===[[Uncooked Rice]]===
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Uncooked rice is absorbant and small enough to help with the pains of a stomach ache caused by too much acid present. If a few grains of uncooked rice are swallowed, the grains can soak up some of the acid present and lessen the effects of the [[#stomach ache| stomach ache]].
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Uncooked rice can also be combined with various aromatic herbs such as lavender in large, new socks. Tie off the end, and throw it in the microwave. When heated, it is a natural heating pad, and is a great way to sooth aches and pains.
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===[[Valerian Root]]===
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Valerian is a perennial herb with a strong, fetid, smell.  Its root (most commonly administered in the form of a tincture) has uses as a treatment for cramps or painful periods, treatment for migraines, as well as a sleep aid.  It acts as a sedative for most people, but for a very small percentage of individuals it can act as a very powerful stimulent.
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===[[Vanilla Extract]]===
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Vanilla Extract is a natural remedy that can help both toothaches and burns. The ingredients along with the subtle alcohol content in the extract help to stop the pain almost immediately. For toothaches that aren’t that bothersome, put some real vanilla extract on a cotton ball or Q-tip and place it directly on the hurting tooth. For extremely bad toothaches (ie: ones that cause you to look sleep or you can’t eat or drink) swish around a tablespoon or two of real vanilla extract on the side of your mouth that hurts. It definitely won’t taste good, but it will numb the tooth completely. To sooth burns, dip a Q-tip in some pure vanilla extract and dab it directly onto a cooking burn. This helps to keep it from blistering. Although in both cases these provide immediate results, it is by no means a “cure” for an aching tooth. If your tooth is infected in the gums or roots this method could numb the pain to the point where the seriousness of the toothache is overlooked. When using this method it’s important to be cautious and contact a dentist.
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===[[Vapor Bowl]]===
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This home-method is used in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] to remedy a serious cough resulting from congestion of the windpipe and throat this practice causes the person to expectorate mucus material that blocks airflow and causes cough and irritation. A pot should be filled with water and brought to a boil. Once boiling, add a dash of salt or baking soda. Take off of the heat source and let the boil subside so as not to burn the face. Once simmering, place the afflicted person’s head over the bowl and cover with a towel large enough to form a tent over the bowl. The person then takes deep breaths of the vapor coming off of the bowl until it becomes difficult to breathe or a cough is induced. Repeat until a cough is induced and the person should hack out all of the material which had obstructed air flow. While somewhat unpleasant at times, this method is quite effective at relieving discomfort and speeding the healing process. See [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Decongestion|Decongestion]]
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===[[Vapor socks]]===
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Having a stuffed up nose can make if very hard to sleep at night. A plugged up nose makes it hard to talk, can lead to plugged up ears, and makes life uncomfortable in general. There have been many methods for clearing up plugged up noses in the past but most have a high failure rate. However, with a little vicks vapor rub and a nice pair of loose socks, stuffed up noses can be cleared up within a couple minuets.
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What is needed is a) vicks vapor rub which can be found in almost any drug or grocery store, b)socks that are loose enough to let the vapors rise, c) pajama pants and d)a comfortable bed to sleep in. The best part about this remedy is that it is simple, quick, and works while the person is asleep. This method can be used as many nights as necessary and the only side effects are the smell of the vapor rub and the need to wash the socks afterwards. Vicks Vapor Rub is normally used on the chest or in the nose to open up nasal passages but using it on the feet has its advantages.
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Here are the steps for Vapor socks. When about to get in bed, apply a layer of Vicks Vapor rub all over the bottom of the feet. The layer needs to fully cover the bottom of the feet but it does not need to be thick. Then put on a pair of loose socks, making sure that the legs of the pajama pants cover the socks. This allows the vapors from the rub to travel up the pant leg, underneath the shirt and up out into the nose where it opens up the nasal passages and allows for air flow. This keeps the person from having to put rub on their chest or in their nose where the vicks rub can sometimes be too strong or dry out the throat. The vapors rise all night long or until the rub wears off on the feet. This is convenient since the person using it does not have to do anything, just sleep away and get a good nights sleep.
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===Vaseline===
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Have problems with cracked feet or hands?  Well, vaseline is a very easy home remedy for this particular problem!  Simply rub some vaseline on one's hands and feet before going to bed, putting old socks over feet and gloves over hands.  The next morning, one should wake up with soft hands and feet.  This should be done as needed.
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=== [[Vicks VapoRub]] ===
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Vicks VaboRub is used to treat coughs and [[w:colds|common cold]], and [[wikipedia:nasal congestion| nasal congestion]].  If applied to sore muscles and joints, it can also temporarily relieve minor aches and pains.  This preparation can be rubbed on the chest to enable inhalation of the vapour, or added to hot water and the steam inhaled. Its action when added to a steam inhalation mainly results from the warm moisture which liquifies and loosens mucus, allowing more effective clearance of the airways.  Not one specific culture group is associated with VapoRub, but the company that manufactures it, Procter & Gamble, is an old American company which also is the maker of DayQuil and NyQuil products. 
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The four active ingredients in this preparation, levomenthol, eucalyptus oil, turpentine oil and camphor, have been used traditionally as inhalations for their decongestant effect and soothing aroma.  Levomenthol has mild local anaesthetic, cooling and decongestant properties and is often included in cough and cold remedies to act as a decongestant. It is not fully understood how it produces its effect.
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For adults and children over two years, rub a thick layer on chest and throat or rub on aching muscles, if needed, cover with a warm, dry cloth.  Repeat this up to three times per 24 hours.  Vicks VapoRub is reportedly to have no side effects and has been widely used for many years without poor consequence.
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[[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]] Vicks Vaporub is used primarily to releive congestion, but interestingly is also used to cure toenail [[Ethnomedicine: ethnomedicine by illness|Fungal Infections]]. When applied generously over the infection once or twice daily the Vicks gradually penetrates and softens the nail, and this over time will allow for removal of damaged portions of the nail as the nail grows forward. This application can vary from person to person, with some cases resolving in a matter of weeks, to other cases that may take months to cure. There are no side effects from using Vicks on for toenail fugus treatment, only methol smelling toes.  Vicks is not associated with one culture, but its use as a toenail fugus remedy has been traced primarily to Western Culture.
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===[[w:Vinegar|Vinegar]]===
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In the instance of sunburn, a very little known remedy is vinegar.  Pour vinegar on a cotton ball and gently dab onto the surface of the afflicted area.  Use vinegar as soon as burning is noticeable; however do not use on 2nd or 3rd degree burns.  In the case of a more serious burn contact a local physician.  Vinegar can be used as a treatment for as long as the burn persists, but it is most affective if used within 2 days of the initial burn.  Vinegar has been used in American households for the past decades to treat sunburns.
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Natural herbal creams such as those made by Burt's Bees can also help sooth burned areas. Mild creams such as "A & D" which contain lanolin can also help sooth and protect burned, sensitive areas. Applying a think layer of Noxima will also help sooth the burn.
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When added to a hot bath, vinegar can also help treat "worms" or other anal-inhabiting bugs/infections. Definetly ask your doctor before trying this, however, for it is not for every case.
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====[[Vinegar and Cayenne Pepper]]====
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A person’s use of speech is one of the most important aspects to everyday life in our society and without it simple tasks can become very difficult. The usual home remedies to repair a strained voice can result in a few days rest from talking or drinking a warm liquid like tea with some lemon and honey. However, there is another solution that may succeed in bringing back your voice in no time. Take a small glass and fill it with approximately ½ a cup of regular vinegar and mix in ½ a teaspoon of cayenne pepper a tablespoon of warm water and a pinch of salt. Stir the mixture so that the pepper flakes and all the other ingredients are evenly dispersed in the vinegar and gargle half of the mixture for about 10-15 seconds. Spit the Mixture out and repeat until the glass is empty. Repeat this process once or twice a day. Generally the voice should begin to return within a day. The risks involved in this treatment deal specifically with taste preferences. This practice has been used since the Civil war where soldiers used cayenne pepper to cure many ailments.
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====[[Vinegar and Sugar]]====
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There are many theories on how to cure [[#Hiccups|hiccups]]. Hiccups occur when the [[w:Thoracic diaphragm|diaphragm]], which is used when breathing, begins to contract uncontrollably. One of the stranger methods of hiccup curing is using a spoonful of sugar with a few drops of vinegar on it. After eating this, the hiccups go away.
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====[[Vinegar and Water Mixture]]====
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[[Image:Vinegar infused with oregano.jpg|150px|Vinegar infused with oregano]]
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Have Dandruff problems? You are not alone. [[Wikipedia: Dandruff|Dandruff]] is a common problem causing 97% of Americans to suffer from dandruff at some time. One out of every two persons in the world has problems with dandruff. The common routine to treat dandruff is to use anti-dandruff shampoos. But, what many people do not know is that you can use simple and effective home remedies to treat this problem.
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One of the best remedies consists of the applying a mixture of vinegar and water on the scalp. Make a mixture of two teaspoons of vinegar and six teaspoons of water and apply it on the scalp before you go to bed. Wrap a towel around the head and keep in the mixture for the whole night. Rinse your head in the morning with vinegar water again. If you continue to treat your hair with this remedy for a few months, it will prevent your problem dandruff.
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====[[White Vinegar]]====
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Athletes foot is a common illness that occurs among active people in sports. [[Wikipedia: athletes foot|Athletes Foot]] is a foot infection that is fungus growing on dead skin cells. For the most part is seen around the toes and causes irritation that can lead to itching, inflammation and blisters.
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What causes this illness is moist and damp conditions that are suitable for fungus to grow. These are places such as bathrooms, swimming pools, and showers. It is also possible to be infected by your pets because they carry the fungus in their fur. You can get this illness through sharing socks with a friend.
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To solve this you must first prepare a solution with water and white vinegar. One part of the white vinegar to four parts of water. You must soak your foot (or feet) for 20-30 minutes twice a day. Rub some baking soda in between your toes and rinse your feet after fifteen minutes have passed. Afterwards rub tea tree oil between your toes because it has antifungal properties. To help with the itching you will want to soak your feet in antiseptic mouthwash (Listerine) and/or corn starch. When your toes are dry, spread some corn starch on them.
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===[[Vitamin C]]===
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Vitamin C is a well known vitamin that is essential to basic human needs. Sometimes referred to as Ascorbic Acid, Vitamin C is necessary for human growth and development. Vitamin C is essential for the healing of cuts and sores, and the maintenance of cartilage, bones, and teeth. The human body, unlike other animals, does not produce its own Vitamin C. It should be taken daily. Fruits and vegetables are high in Vitamin C as well as other essential vitamins. Citrus fruits and juices, tomatoes, and leafy greens are excellent sources of Vitamin C. You can also get your daily intake by form of a vitamin or pill. Vitamin C is essential for healthy hair, skin, and teeth. Most importantly it helps to keep you healthy.
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Vitamin C is often used as remedy for the common cold. It is generally taken in the form of a pill, or in eating foods that are rich in vitamin C such as citrus fruits and broccoli. It has been assumed that if a person takes a lot of this vitamin, the immune system will build up and fight colds more proficiently. According to Vitamin C and the Common Cold (Linus Pauling, 1970), a recommended dose once a person has a cold is 500 to 1000 mg every hour for several hours. Although this remedy was widely popular, and still is for some people, scientific research has shown that vitamin C does not have a significant effect on either the intensity or the duration of the cold.
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikibooks/en/c/c2/Vitamin_C.jpg
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===[[Vitamin E]]===
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No matter how a scar is created, by a hot stove, broken glass, or a surgeon’s knife, they are often inconvenient, embarrassing, or simply unattractive. These marks on the skin are also frequently accepted
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====[[Vodka]]====
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When washed over a minor jellyfish sting, vodka (cheap or expensive) can be just as effective as antihistemines at neutralizing the venom.  This method was popularized by the television show Mythbusters.  In a side-by side comparison the vodka at least matched the effects of a commercial antihistemine spray, according to their brave test subject.  When experiencing severe reactions to a sting, more powerful medicines should be sought out.
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===[[Warm Compress]]===
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A warm compress directly applied to your eye is the best way to treat [[Ethnomedicine_by_Illness#Pink_Eye|pink eye]] at home during the 7 to 10 days that it typically takes to clear up on its own.  The warm compress is the preferred technique of [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|western cultures]] when treating pink eye because it relieves pain and discomfort while also moisturizing the eye.
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===[[Warm Milk]]===
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Warm milk is commonly used in the western culture to lull one into sleep. Warm milk contains two substances that are known to be related to sleep and drowsiness. The hormone melatonin and the amino acid tryptophan. The amount of these two substances in a glass of warm milk is very small, however, many believe it has a psychological effect on the mind that brings drowsiness to the consumer.
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[[Image:milk glass.jpg|50px|Dairy]]
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===Warm Washcloth In Cup===
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When suffering from an ear ache, it can be very soothing to put a wet washcloth or paper towel that has been heated in the microwave into a fairly small cup, and then hold that cup up to the ear that is aching, in such a way that the warmth and steam are trapped between the cup and your ear. This remedy is often used in [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#western culture|western cultures]].
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===[[Water]]===
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Water is so common that it is often overlooked. It has been here longer than any of us and is one of the largest natural resources on this earth. By drinking water we are providing our bodies with hydration and natural anti-oxidants that may help our bodies build up our immune system.
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Water is also very healthy for our bodies because it quenches the thirst without giving us the extra calories, sugars and sodium’s that we do not necessarily need.
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Water can also be used as a way to prevent the body from obtaining a hangover from a night of drinking too much alcohol. By drinking alcohol you are dehydrating your body and using up your amino acids. If during the night of drinking and partying you add drinking water with drinking alcohol it is possible to prevent the severity of the hangover you may receive the next morning. This is mostly caused because of the amounts of water being consumed as well as alcohol, the body will have to clear the tubes which gets rid of many toxins that may cause hangovers. On the plus side it will not reduce how drunk you can get and will only re-hydrate the parts of your body that had been dehydrated by how much alcohol had been consumed.
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[http://www.angelescity.com/hangover.html|See other methods to prevent a hangover]
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=== [[Water-Pencil Trick]] ===
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[[Image:Stilles_Mineralwasser.jpg|100px]]
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One remedy for curing the [[#Hiccups|hiccups]] is the Water-Pencil Trick. When a person contracts a mild to severe case of the hiccups, they should resort to this trick in order to alleviate their symptoms quickly and completely. The Water-Pencil Trick should be used at the first signs of oncoming hiccups in order to prevent physical discomfort of the throat and stomach. <br><br>
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As hiccups begin to occur, a person should quickly locate a cup, a source of drinking water, and a wooden pencil. If a wooden pencil is unavailable, a mechanical pencil or pen will suffice. The person should fill the cup with water – the more the cup is filled, the better the trick will work. They should than place the pencil in their mouth so that the pencil is parallel to the ground, with the eraser sticking out of the mouth on one side and the point sticking out on the other. The person must bite down on the pencil firmly, preferably with their back teeth. After the pencil is securely in place, the person should commence to drink the entire cup of water with the pencil still in their mouth. This process can be messy. So, it is better if one is able to drink their water over a sink or a trash can. <br><br>
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Drinking a whole cup of water while holding a pencil in one’s mouth not only focuses one’s concentration on something other than the undesired hiccups, but it also helps to regulate one’s breathing. When the process is complete, the hiccups should be completely gone. If hiccups persist, one must repeat the process until the desired affect is achieved. The origins of this remedy are unknown.
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===[[Wheatgrass]]===
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The ingestion of wheat grass started in the 1930s in the western world and has increasingly been believed as a healthy measure to prevent disease. Wheatgrass is a green, grass-like plant related to wheat. It is most often served in the liquid form, by crushing fresh leaf buds.
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Some believe that it heals digestive problems, cancer, menopausal symptoms, diabetes, and heart disease, and also detoxifies the bloodstream, although none of these things have been proven. One of the most popular claims of wheatgrass a supporter is that a 30ml shot of wheat grass has the same nutritional value as a kilogram of vegetables. Users usually take a 2-4oz shot of wheat grass one or two times per day, although many ingest it more often. High dosages may lead to nausea, but no long term health consequences have been found.
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===[[Whiskey]]===
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The flu is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses.  There are many different signs of the flu, among them are fever, myalgia, headache, malaise, nonproductive cough, sore throat, and rhinitis.
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Flu viruses spread mainly from person to person through coughing or sneezing of people with influenza. Sometimes people may become infected by touching something with flu viruses on it and then touching their mouth or nose.
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One home remedy for the flu is the taking of whiskey.  The best way to apply this cure is to make a cup of uncaffeinated tea, add some honey and 1 shot of whiskey.  Let it s
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=== [[:Wood Ash]]===
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Daily brushing, regular flossing, home whitening kits, and semiannual dentist trips are all methods applied toward the goal of a dazzling, white smile. It may be shocking but an effective way to whiten up your teeth is to brush them with wood ash.  The reason wood ash whitens your teeth is because it contains potassium hydroxide (aka lye). However, only hard wood ash contains significant concentrations of potassium hydroxide, soft wood ash does not. To whiten your teeth take a small amount of hard wood ash and mix it with a small amount of water to form a paste. With the paste brush vigorously for the dental recommended 2 minutes.  Brushing daily with wood ash will brighten up that dull listless smile in no time! Although wood ash will brighten up any smile it is important to exercise caution when using hard wood as a tooth whitening agent. The harshness of the potassium hydroxide could significantly damage your teeth over time via enamel erosion and calcium depletion. This remedy stems from [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western culture]].
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for more information on safe ways to whiten teeth please visit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_bleaching
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===[[Yarrow Plant]]===
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The Yarrow plant, or arrowroot, can be found throughout the northern hemisphere, most ubiquitous. It has been utilized by countless cultures, from the ancient Romans to indigenous tribes of North America. Its main use is treating cuts and abrasions, although it can also be used as a minor stimulant, treatment for colds, and pretty much anything under the sun. The leaves have the tendency to clot blood, so therefore yarrow can be quite helpful if one is in the woods alone with a yarrow plant and a wound that is bleeding profusely. It can also be used for nosebleeds by sticking the plant up one’s nostril, although this can potentially irritate the nose and stimulate more bleeding. The effect will take place immediately---when the juice from the plant reaches the point of bloodletting. Several people have disclaimed this miracle plant, like many of its counterparts, but the interesting fact is that so many cultures across the globe independently decided to use the plant, which gives it more weight than others.
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=== Yerba santa ===
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Yerba santa, Eriodictyon crassifolium and other Eriodictyon species, were used in American and British hospitals and clinics for respiratory infections, influenza, tuberculosis and asthma until 1960. In that year, a law was passed requiring that all medicines had to have proven efficacy. No company was willing to fund clinical trials of yerba santa due to potential problems with patenting a plant preparation. Despite nearly one hundred years of clinical use, yerba santa was abandoned. Yerba santa is used by crushing 3 leaves in a cup of hot water and slowly drinking the tea.
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===[[Yoga]]===
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Yoga is a form of alternative medicine that helps in preventing [[#Stress|stress]]. Yoga is commonly practiced with breathing exercises, different physical postural forms, and meditation. It can be practiced daily or a few times a week for optimal relaxation. Yoga helps to calm the nervous system and relaxes the mind, body and spirit. It also has been shown to reduce blood pressure, and ease sleeping and digestion. It also physically provides an intense workout, strengthening the whole body. Yoga workouts have also been designed specifically for people with cancer and heart problems. For cancer patients, in addition to their main forms of therapy, yoga reduced fatigue and improved mental states. For cardiac patients, yoga provides stretching, relaxation and breathing techniques. Yoga originated over seven thousand years ago in India, and is now widely popular and practiced all over the world.
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[ http://education.yahoo.com/reference/encyclopedia/entry/yoga ]
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====[[Yoga as Exercise]]====
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Yoga is the practice of meditating to achieve full mental relaxation. It is used as a means of gaining spiritual and psychological balance and knowledge. Originally used by the Hindu in India and the Buddhists of other Eastern Asian countries primarily for spiritual reasons, it has become popular in the western world as a form of exercise, maintaining the reputation of both a mind and body workout.
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Western Yoga combines breathing, meditation and physical exercise, helping reduce the likelihood of diseases and health problems including stress, heart disease, asthma, high blood pressure and back pain. For yoga to reach its maximum preventative capabilities, one should participate a few times a week, in hour-long increments. Although there are no proven negative side effects of yoga, there is a chance of soreness and muscle pulls if not practiced properly. Stretching, proper hydration and knowing one’s limits are all good measures to take to ensure a healthy yoga lifestyle.
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===[[:Yogurt for Canker Sores]]===
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Although dairy allergies can be a trigger for canker sores, yogurt can be a resource to reduce pain and help the recovery process. Yogurt with Acidophilus cultures is believed to combat the bacteria that is present at the site of a canker sore. It helps to relieve symptoms and decreases the amount of time that a person has to suffer. It is recommended that a person who wishes to try this home remedy eat 8 ounces a day, but one should pay attention to see if the dairy product may be increasing the appearance of canker sores. For more home remedies used in Western culture, see [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]].
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Canker sores affect people all over the world. There are believed to be many causes, and some people can get them on a regular basis. Consumption of citrus fruits and juices, wheat products, or injuries to the gums or mouth can precede many canker sores. While avoiding foods that trigger canker sores is the best method, when you are afflicted by a canker sore there is no way to make them disappear immediately. They can only be treated to help relieve pain. Although over the counter localized anesthetics are an option, a home grown remedy is to consume Yogurt with Acidophilus cultures often while afflicted by a sore. The yogurt is believed to help speed up your body's response to the sore, and relieve pain at the site. The bacteria introduced from the yogurt may combat the bacteria that is causing the sore, helping to reduce the time that a patient would have to suffer. However, given that food allergies--possibly to dairy--can cause the sores themselves, this remedy might not be for everyone. For other Western pain relievers and remedies, see [[Ethnomedicine_by_Culture_Group#Western_Culture|Western society]].
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===[[Zinc]]===
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Zinc may be used to prevent [[#The Common Cold|the common cold]] by boosting the immune system and providing general support for protein synthesis throughout the body. Zinc is found naturally in many foods including: lean meats, nuts, beans, and foods containing whole grains. A supplement form of zinc is also available, and may be purchased in most grocery stores. The recommended dosage is 15mg per day for males and 12mg per day for females. However, it is important to note the amount of zinc you consume, as it may have some harmful effects if taken too liberally (the highest body tolerance of zinc is about 40mg per day). These effects include nausea, stomach cramps, vomiting and, if taken over a long period of time, anemia. Zinc has been used in supplement form in the US for years (such as in Emergen-C, Airborne), but has been naturally consumed by people all over the world through protein-rich foods.
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Zinc is a mineral that promotes healthy immune systems and is crucial to producing certain enzymes in the body. Zinc is found in many foods and vitamins and has been shown to be important in the prevention of colds as well as other ailments. There are many ways to get the recommended dosage of Zinc including eating certain foods such as bran, wheat products, cocoa, meat, fish, nuts and other protein rich foods and store bought dietary supplements such as Airbourne. A specific cold preventative using Zinc are Cold-Eeze lozenges. Cold-Eeze is the only family of cold prevention products that contains zinc gluconate glycine a formula that in several double blind placebo studies was shown to reduce the duration of a cold by 42 percent. These lozenges are non-sedating and are recommended every three to four hours at the first sign of cold symptoms. In order to get the full zinc absorption possible the lozenges should not be chewed and citrus fruits or juices should not be eaten half an hour before or after taking a lozenge. Cold Eeze should not be eaten on an empty stomach. These lozenges are available to everyone at the supermarket, are safe a great way to get needed zinc and taste good too!
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Revision as of 16:16, 26 September 2011

throw pillows

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Modern-day Chuck Pillows : Position


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Modern Toss Special pillows : Patterns and Colors


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Modern Toss Pillows : Styles


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Modern throw pads are usually relaxing, with an inexpensive option to replacing your own decorations. These come in a number of material materials including cotton, man made fiber, knitted, leather-based, linens, velvet as well as suede. Although suede is easily the most favorite option for modern day chuck special pillows, but they may be rather challenging to clean and gaze after. In my opinion, my personal faves are usually cotton toss bedroom pillows that contain "love", "joy", "peace" prepared about them. Organic cotton is not hard with pores and skin and these terms on the pillow result in the place search cozy, at ease and inviting! And so, you will notice, you will find there's ton regarding wide variety with toss cushions. Find the versions which in turn accommodate and add on on your inside